scholarly journals Upcycling plastic waste through empirical implementation of large-scale 3D printing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Watcharawat Ritthisri
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Plastic Products

<p>Plastic waste presents a real global challenge and a threat to health, environment and the global economy. While awareness of the devastating effects of plastic waste on the environment has increased, the production of plastic products is still on the rise. As a result, many countries do not prioritise waste plastic recycling or the export of plastic wastes to other countries for recycling. However, the products from recycled waste plastics are considered to be of low quality and uneconomical to produce on large scale, thus making individuals and corporations giving preference using plastics from virgin materials rather than producing products from recycled plastics. These is therefore a need to develop an effective process through the use of technology to upcycle plastic waste locally to produce products of higher value from waste plastic. The current research sought to investigate the potential of distributed upcycling to change the production and consumption of plastic products in future. To this end, the study sought to prepare high value design application for upcycling and investigated how they could be implemented through large-scale 3D printing in urban environments. To achieve this, the researcher collected plastic waste materials from Wellington in New Zealand to be used in the study experiments. The plastic waste materials were first cleaned, sorted and cut into small pieces using a granulator before being taken through thermal processes to dry them out and set the right temperatures to ensure consistency of the plastic waste extrusion before being taken through the extrusion process. 3D Printing was used to design and make various final products from the recycled plastic waste. Experimentation with different formulations of waste plastic led to production of a high-quality filament successfully achieving the study objectives. As such, upcycling plastic waste using 3D Printing technology provides a locally viable solution to making useful products in large scale as a model for future development.</p>

scholarly journals Upcycling plastic waste through empirical implementation of large-scale 3D printing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Watcharawat Ritthisri
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Plastic Products

<p>Plastic waste presents a real global challenge and a threat to health, environment and the global economy. While awareness of the devastating effects of plastic waste on the environment has increased, the production of plastic products is still on the rise. As a result, many countries do not prioritise waste plastic recycling or the export of plastic wastes to other countries for recycling. However, the products from recycled waste plastics are considered to be of low quality and uneconomical to produce on large scale, thus making individuals and corporations giving preference using plastics from virgin materials rather than producing products from recycled plastics. These is therefore a need to develop an effective process through the use of technology to upcycle plastic waste locally to produce products of higher value from waste plastic. The current research sought to investigate the potential of distributed upcycling to change the production and consumption of plastic products in future. To this end, the study sought to prepare high value design application for upcycling and investigated how they could be implemented through large-scale 3D printing in urban environments. To achieve this, the researcher collected plastic waste materials from Wellington in New Zealand to be used in the study experiments. The plastic waste materials were first cleaned, sorted and cut into small pieces using a granulator before being taken through thermal processes to dry them out and set the right temperatures to ensure consistency of the plastic waste extrusion before being taken through the extrusion process. 3D Printing was used to design and make various final products from the recycled plastic waste. Experimentation with different formulations of waste plastic led to production of a high-quality filament successfully achieving the study objectives. As such, upcycling plastic waste using 3D Printing technology provides a locally viable solution to making useful products in large scale as a model for future development.</p>

scholarly journals Pyro-Oil and Wax Recovery from Reclaimed Plastic Waste in a Continuous Auger Pyrolysis Reactor

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultan Majed Al-Salem ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Jiawei Wang ◽  
Gary Anthony Leeke
Keyword(s):  
Product Distribution ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Densification Process ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Plastic Wastes ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Pyrolysis Reactor

The increasing global waste plastic pollution is urging people to take immediate actions on effective plastic recycling and processing. In this work, we report the results of processing reclaimed plastic wastes from unsanitary landfill site in Kuwait by using a bench scale continuous auger pyrolysis system. The plastic feedstock was characterised. After a simple thermal densification process, the material was fed to the pyrolysis system at 500 °C. The pyro-oil and wax products were collected and characterised. The process mass balance was developed on dry basis, and the yields of pyro-oil, light wax, heavy wax and gases were 5.5, 23.8, 69.4 and 1.3 wt%, respectively. The findings have indicated that the reclamation of plastic waste from landfill was feasible in terms of the product distribution and characteristics. Further liquid analysis confirmed that the liquid products contained fractions that are comparable to petrol and diesel fuels. The wax products are viable and have potential application as coating, covering and lubrication.

Chemical upcycling of polymers

2021 ◽  
Vol 379 (2209) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard M. Stadler ◽  
Johannes G. de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Waste Plastic Recycling

As the production volume of polymers increases, so does the amount of plastic waste. Plastic recycling is one of the concepts to address in this issue. Unfortunately, only a small fraction of plastic waste is recycled. Even with the development of polymers for closed loop recycling that can be in theory reprocessed infinitely the inherent dilemma is that because of collection, cleaning and separation processes the obtained materials simply are not cost competitive with virgin materials. Chemical upcycling, the conversion of polymers to higher valuable products, either polymeric or monomeric, could mitigate this issue. In the following article, we highlight recent examples in this young but fast-growing field. This article is part of the theme issue 'Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 2)'.

scholarly journals Development of a small-scale plastic recycling technology and a special filament product for 3D printing

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 365-371
Author(s):  
Alaeddine Oussai ◽  
Zoltán Bártfai ◽  
László Kátai ◽  
István Szalkai
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Recycled Plastics ◽  
Electronic Parts

In our days, the fight against pollution has become a real challenge for the state. recycling is one of the solutions that is adopted in several nations to reduce the rate of plastic discarded in nature. The amount of plastic waste has been increasing for decades contributing to the environmental pollution that is one of the most serious problem of the mankind. according to the statistics not only the household plastic waste, but the industry discharge is increasing because the utilization of plastic as a raw material is more and more extending. plastic can be found in a lot of products, huge number of bottles, plastic bags, computers, auto parts are sold every day. The current applications for using recycled plastics in fabrication and design are fairly limited, on a small scale, plastics (such as abs, HDPe1, or Pe2t) are shredded and formed into pellets, and then either extruded into lament to be used in existing 3d printers, or injection molded into small parts and pieces of larger components. at a large scale, recycled HDpE is melted into sheets and either used directly as sheets in construction, or then heat formed from a sheet into components for construction. these methods of fabrication using recycled plastics are the norm because of their straightforward processes. nevertheless, each method leaves some complexity to be desired. This paper we study the types of plastics and diagnose the pollution caused by the latter. this allowed us to design and size a recycling station of plastic into filaments for three-dimensional printers. this station which will contribute to the fight against pollution. the station consists of two machines for grinding of the plastic and the other for the extrusion of the desired filaments. we were able to make a theoretical academic study on both machines and also we designed with solidworks 2015. The theoretical study is spread of the mechanical calculations necessary to the design and validation of the structure using the tools. as the prospect of this project, we want to complete the achievement of this station while completing the crusher and extruder mechanically. then switch to electric and electronic parts (introduction of engines, sensors and wiring...). In the case of waste plastics that are recyclable and reusable. the most widely used are polyethylene terephthalate (pet, used for synthetic fibers and water bottles), and second high-density polyethylene (hdpe, used for jugs, bottle caps, water pipes).

scholarly journals Integrated User-Oriented Service for 3D Printing Environments with Recycled Material from Maritime Plastic Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3787
Author(s):  
Julio Garrido ◽  
Diego Silva ◽  
Bruno Portela ◽  
Blanca Lekube
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
User Scenario ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Parts Manufacturing ◽  
Marine Waste ◽  
Recycled Material

Plastic waste is a major concern for marine environment care, and many researchers and projects face the problem from different points of view. The European CircularSeas project aims to encourage the development of greener maritime industries through the combination of principles of Circular Economy, plastic recycling and 3D printing. However, while 3D printing has shown its benefits for conventional industry environments, the first issue discussed in this paper is whether 3D printing technology can also bring benefits to the maritime-port sector, where parts manufacturing, new prototyping trends and even product customization have not traditionally been major business issues. A secondary issue is how 3D printing and this specific user scenario could accommodate recycled plastic in a Circular Economy strategy in a feasible way. In an attempt to address both of these issues, the paper reviews some particularities of 3D printing open technologies and proposes a new integrated and user-oriented 3D printing framework, independent of hardware and adaptable to non-standard recycled plastic raw material from marine waste.

scholarly journals Green Mortar by Partial Introduction of Shredded Waste Plastic

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Anant Agarwal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Industrial Products ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Massive Scale ◽  
Basic Need ◽  
Plastic Products

Plastic products have become an integral part of our daily life as a basic need. It is produced on a massive scale worldwide and its production crosses 150 million tons per year globally. In India, approximately 9 million tons of plastic products are consuming every year (2010) which is expected to rise to 12 million tons by 2012 and estimates say it would double this value in 2025. Its broad range application is mainly in packing films, wrapping materials, fluid containers, clothing, household, and industrial products, and building materials. This project deals with an effective method of dumping plastic waste that has accumulated. Using plastics in building mortar and plasters can be employed in an effective manner that is completely environment friendly.

scholarly journals Plastic Recycling Practices in Vietnam and Related Hazards for Health and the Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4203
Author(s):  
Stefan Salhofer ◽  
Aleksander Jandric ◽  
Souphaphone Soudachanh ◽  
Thinh Le Xuan ◽  
Trinh Dinh Tran
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
Informal Context

Waste plastic today is a global threat. The rapid increase in global production and use has led to increasing quantities of plastics in industrial and municipal waste streams. While in industrialized countries plastic waste is taken up by a waste management system and at least partly recycled, in low-income countries adequate infrastructure to collect and treat waste adequately is often not in place. This paper analyzes how plastic waste is handled in Vietnam, a country with a fast-growing industry and growing consumption. The recycling of plastic waste typically takes place in an informal context. To demonstrate this in more detail, two rural settlements—so-called craft villages—are taken as case studies. Technologies and processes for plastic recycling are described and related risks for human health and the environment are shown, as well as the potential for the improvement of this situation.

scholarly journals Shredder machine for plastic recycling: A review paper

2022 ◽  
Vol 1217 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
J H Wong ◽  
M J H Gan ◽  
B L Chua ◽  
M Gakim ◽  
N J Siambun
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Critical Components

Abstract Plastic pollution has become a global concern due to poor plastic waste disposal management. As an alternative, independent recycling efforts are necessary. A Plastic shredder machine is a preliminary machine used to cut plastic waste into small pieces before turning it into useful products. The concept design of the shredder machine that is currently available is fairly similar. The shaft and blades are the critical components in the shredder machine that determines its performance. The geometry and orientation of the blades that were fitted into the single or double-shafts were found to directly affect the shredding performance. Therefore, this article aims to review the various geometry and orientations of the blades that give direct effect on the shredding performance, as well as identifying the research gaps related to the shredder machine for plastic waste materials

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Sustainable bituminous- Plastic roads for Indian conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6384-6392
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Performance

The amount of plastic waste in India is reaching a gigantic scale. Wastes from household, industries and medical facilities contribute towards this. As the plastic waste is a cause of various environmental and health hazards, its proper management that leads to an effective reuse or disposal is a concern for the Government and civic bodies. Waste plastic, when added to hot aggregates, forms a fine coat of plastic over the aggregates and such aggregates, when mixed with the binder is found to give a mix that has higher strength and resistance towards the deteriorative actions of water. Thus, (the bituminous Roads using waste plastic in the wearing course) also called as plastic roads are now gaining popularity in India. With the Indian Road Congress bringing out a code of specifications on plastic roads (IRC SP: 98 -2013), many agencies are coming forward to implement plastic roads in India as it is a sustainable method and also need of the hour. However, for a large scale implementation, the performance and longevity of these roads need to be evaluated comprehensively. This paper presents the various properties of bituminous mix with 8% waste plastic when compared with normal bituminous mix with the help of a comparative case study. In Pune, Maharashtra, India ten city roads which were overlaid with normal bituminous mix and ten roads which were overlaid by bitumen mixed with shredded waste plastic were studied for their performance over duration of two years from the time of laying of the overlays. Laboratory experiments and on- field tests were carried out to evaluate their functional and performance characteristics after they were opened to traffic. The results report an improved performance of plastic roads over the conventional ones.

scholarly journals The Crisis of Plastic Waste in Vietnam is Real

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
Thanh Hai Truong ◽  
Hai Nam Vu
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Aquatic Products ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Recycling Technology ◽  
Plastic Products

The issue of "white pollution" at popular tourist destinations of environmental pollution is rising at an alarming rate. According to statistics, Vietnam currently ranks fourth in the world in volume of plastic waste, with approximately 730,000 tons of plastic waste going to the sea every year. Vietnam is also known as a country with twice the amount of plastic waste compared to low-income countries. Plastic waste in the ocean will destroy the natural environment, negatively affecting the lives of aquatic products. On land, plastic waste is abundant in many places and has serious impacts on human health and life. Analysts point out that, if the pace of use of plastic products continues to increase, there will be an additional 33 billion tons of plastic produced by 2050 and thus more than 13 billion tons of plastic waste will be buried. backfill into landfills or into the ocean. Meanwhile, the recycling of Vietnam's plastic waste, has not been developed. The rate of waste sorting at the source is very low, most types of waste are put together and collected by waste trucks. Plastic recycling technology used in Vietnam's major cities is outdated, low in efficiency, high in costs and polluting the environment. The paper presents the current situation of plastic waste in Vietnam as of June 2019. The authors focus on highlighting the serious "white pollution" in Vietnam, a country with a very long coastline. But the coast is really threatened by plastic waste. This is really a wake-up call to the authorities about the promulgation of policies and the people on the morality of survival with nature.

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