scholarly journals Shredder machine for plastic recycling: A review paper

2022 ◽  
Vol 1217 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
J H Wong ◽  
M J H Gan ◽  
B L Chua ◽  
M Gakim ◽  
N J Siambun
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Critical Components

Abstract Plastic pollution has become a global concern due to poor plastic waste disposal management. As an alternative, independent recycling efforts are necessary. A Plastic shredder machine is a preliminary machine used to cut plastic waste into small pieces before turning it into useful products. The concept design of the shredder machine that is currently available is fairly similar. The shaft and blades are the critical components in the shredder machine that determines its performance. The geometry and orientation of the blades that were fitted into the single or double-shafts were found to directly affect the shredding performance. Therefore, this article aims to review the various geometry and orientations of the blades that give direct effect on the shredding performance, as well as identifying the research gaps related to the shredder machine for plastic waste materials

scholarly journals Pyro-Oil and Wax Recovery from Reclaimed Plastic Waste in a Continuous Auger Pyrolysis Reactor

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultan Majed Al-Salem ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Jiawei Wang ◽  
Gary Anthony Leeke
Keyword(s):  
Product Distribution ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Densification Process ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Plastic Wastes ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Pyrolysis Reactor

The increasing global waste plastic pollution is urging people to take immediate actions on effective plastic recycling and processing. In this work, we report the results of processing reclaimed plastic wastes from unsanitary landfill site in Kuwait by using a bench scale continuous auger pyrolysis system. The plastic feedstock was characterised. After a simple thermal densification process, the material was fed to the pyrolysis system at 500 °C. The pyro-oil and wax products were collected and characterised. The process mass balance was developed on dry basis, and the yields of pyro-oil, light wax, heavy wax and gases were 5.5, 23.8, 69.4 and 1.3 wt%, respectively. The findings have indicated that the reclamation of plastic waste from landfill was feasible in terms of the product distribution and characteristics. Further liquid analysis confirmed that the liquid products contained fractions that are comparable to petrol and diesel fuels. The wax products are viable and have potential application as coating, covering and lubrication.

scholarly journals Recycling Marine Plastic into Clothing Apparel via Global Collaborations

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1842-1851
Author(s):  
Akkshita Swain
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Aquatic Pollution ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Truck Load ◽  
Do So

Abstract: According to the United Nations, aquatic pollution affects at least 800 species worldwide, with plastic responsible for up to 80% of the waste. Every minute, up to 13 million metric tonnes of plastic is expected to end up in the ocean, the equivalent of a trash or garbage truck load. Plastic is a design failure; it was never intended to end up in animals' stomachs or at the bottom of the food chain in humans. The fashion industry is a massive contributor to the plastic waste found in the oceans and so it becomes necessary for corporations to take sustainable steps in the direction of reducing Ocean Plastic Pollution. One of the ways to do so would be by recycling ocean plastic into clothes. Our study focuses on analysing global collaborations and suggesting a series of steps for recycling ocean plastic. Keywords: Marine Plastic, Recycling, Supply Chain, Plastic Pollution, Polymers

scholarly journals Upcycling plastic waste through empirical implementation of large-scale 3D printing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Watcharawat Ritthisri
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Plastic Products

<p>Plastic waste presents a real global challenge and a threat to health, environment and the global economy. While awareness of the devastating effects of plastic waste on the environment has increased, the production of plastic products is still on the rise. As a result, many countries do not prioritise waste plastic recycling or the export of plastic wastes to other countries for recycling. However, the products from recycled waste plastics are considered to be of low quality and uneconomical to produce on large scale, thus making individuals and corporations giving preference using plastics from virgin materials rather than producing products from recycled plastics. These is therefore a need to develop an effective process through the use of technology to upcycle plastic waste locally to produce products of higher value from waste plastic. The current research sought to investigate the potential of distributed upcycling to change the production and consumption of plastic products in future. To this end, the study sought to prepare high value design application for upcycling and investigated how they could be implemented through large-scale 3D printing in urban environments. To achieve this, the researcher collected plastic waste materials from Wellington in New Zealand to be used in the study experiments. The plastic waste materials were first cleaned, sorted and cut into small pieces using a granulator before being taken through thermal processes to dry them out and set the right temperatures to ensure consistency of the plastic waste extrusion before being taken through the extrusion process. 3D Printing was used to design and make various final products from the recycled plastic waste. Experimentation with different formulations of waste plastic led to production of a high-quality filament successfully achieving the study objectives. As such, upcycling plastic waste using 3D Printing technology provides a locally viable solution to making useful products in large scale as a model for future development.</p>

scholarly journals Plastic Waste Recycle for Industrial

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Budi Haryono ◽  
Wikan Budi Utami
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
High Income ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Global Problem ◽  
Major Disease ◽  
Plastic Wastes

The high-income countries are leading to higher consumption of plastic, despite prominent contribution to the global problem of plastic pollution. The high quantities of plastic wastes are extremely threatening to harm the environment and inhabitants due to mismanagement such as ingested in the fish and also harmful to human health (cancer is a major disease) if such consuming a fish. This review paper explored a solution to treating plastic waste to improve the sustainability of the environment. The use of recycled plastic wastes as a component has been found to be the most beneficial as it can be used to replace all solid components.

scholarly journals Bill Calls for Dramatically Cutting Plastic Pollution

Eos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy Showstack
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Set Up

With just 8% of plastic waste in the United States currently being recycled, the bill aims to set up an effective plastic recycling program and limit single-use plastic.

scholarly journals Upcycling plastic waste through empirical implementation of large-scale 3D printing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Watcharawat Ritthisri
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Plastic Products

<p>Plastic waste presents a real global challenge and a threat to health, environment and the global economy. While awareness of the devastating effects of plastic waste on the environment has increased, the production of plastic products is still on the rise. As a result, many countries do not prioritise waste plastic recycling or the export of plastic wastes to other countries for recycling. However, the products from recycled waste plastics are considered to be of low quality and uneconomical to produce on large scale, thus making individuals and corporations giving preference using plastics from virgin materials rather than producing products from recycled plastics. These is therefore a need to develop an effective process through the use of technology to upcycle plastic waste locally to produce products of higher value from waste plastic. The current research sought to investigate the potential of distributed upcycling to change the production and consumption of plastic products in future. To this end, the study sought to prepare high value design application for upcycling and investigated how they could be implemented through large-scale 3D printing in urban environments. To achieve this, the researcher collected plastic waste materials from Wellington in New Zealand to be used in the study experiments. The plastic waste materials were first cleaned, sorted and cut into small pieces using a granulator before being taken through thermal processes to dry them out and set the right temperatures to ensure consistency of the plastic waste extrusion before being taken through the extrusion process. 3D Printing was used to design and make various final products from the recycled plastic waste. Experimentation with different formulations of waste plastic led to production of a high-quality filament successfully achieving the study objectives. As such, upcycling plastic waste using 3D Printing technology provides a locally viable solution to making useful products in large scale as a model for future development.</p>

scholarly journals Determinants of Unsafe Plastic Waste Disposal among Households in the Tamale Metropolitan Area, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Kombiok ◽  
Kingsley Atta Nyamekye ◽  
Rita Adjei ◽  
Leslie Danquah
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Global Discourse ◽  
Strict Enforcement ◽  
Key Aspects

Background. The global discourse on plastic waste generation and disposal has over the last two decades, gained traction with the aid of research-based evidence. Though observed globally, the situation is quickly deteriorating in developing countries such as Ghana. In Ghana and Africa as a whole, rapidly increasing population and rural to urban migration have been cited as factors that exacerbate the existing struggles with plastic pollution. This study aimed at identifying the determinants of unsafe plastic waste disposal among households. Methods. The study was carried out in three communities in Tamale in the Northern Region of Ghana. Data were collected from 270 randomly selected households through household surveys, key informant interviews, and direct field observations. Results. The study revealed that the majority (63.3%) of the total respondents used and disposed of their plastic waste “unsafely.” The analysis showed that the education level and household wealth were significant determinants of unsafe plastic disposal. Conclusion. The study concludes that challenges of plastic waste management are not limited to economic, technical, and institutional factors, but social factors such as human behavior are key aspects of waste management that need attention. The study, therefore, recommends strict enforcement of sanitation by-laws, promotion of education, and provision of alternatives to plastics that will minimize the need for importing and manufacturing plastics, as potential steps towards addressing unsafe disposal of plastics in the domestic environment.

The Trash Tracker: A Macroplastic Fate and Transport Model at River Basin Scale

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvette Mellink ◽  
Tim van Emmerik ◽  
Charlotte Laufkötter ◽  
Merel Kooi ◽  
Helge Niemann
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Type Of Land Use ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
Ocean Gyres ◽  
Global Concern

&lt;p&gt;Plastic pollution in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems is of growing global concern due to its negative impact on environmental health and human livelihood. Most plastic research to date focused on observing and modelling plastic in the oceans, revealing that the highest plastic concentrations are found in the five ocean gyres (&amp;#8220;the garbage patches&amp;#8221;). Plastic waste originating from land has been identified as the main source of marine plastic debris. Yet it remains highly uncertain which processes control the mobilisation and transport of plastic waste over land to rivers and eventually to the ocean. Here, we introduce the Trash Tracker, a numerical model to forecast the pathways and fate of plastic waste in terrestrial and freshwater systems. In this model, the plastic transporting agents, wind and surface runoff, are resisted by the friction of the terrain. The terrain resistance, a function of the surface slope and the type of land use, is translated to thresholds that define the critical wind and surface runoff conditions required to mobilise and transport macroplastics. By repeatedly checking whether the wind and/or surface runoff conditions are strong enough to overcome their respective thresholds, the Trash Tracker simulates the transport of plastics and allows us to identify accumulation hotspots and high probability transport routes of plastic waste within river basins. This makes the Trash Tracker a practical tool for preventing, mitigating and reducing plastic pollution in the natural environment.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Eco-Friendly and Edible Waste Cutlery for Sustainable Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1S4) ◽  
pp. 615-624
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
The World ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
Rapid Industrialization

Rapid industrialization and urbanization has caused the production of enormous amount of solid wastes. Many nations today are facing environmental pollution due to improper solid waste disposal. Especially, plastic waste disposal has increased rapidly in the last few decades. Researchers are working on safely disposing the solid wastes and recovering wealth out these waste materials. With a view of reducing plastic waste disposal and protecting the health of people, many entrepreneurs have developed an innovative tableware which is edible as well as bio-degradable. This aim of this paper is to review the bits and pieces of work being done on edible tableware in various parts of the world. In addition, the edible tableware developed by individual artists has also been reviewed. The future scope of research in this domain has also been looked at towards the end of this review. We believe that edible tableware could be a potential source for replacement of plastic utensils, thereby providing scope for environmental protection, leading to sustainable development.

scholarly journals Recycling of Plastic Waste by Using Pyrolysis Reactor: A Case Study of First Marine Protected Area of Pakistan (Astola Island)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misbah Youngish ◽  
Uzaira Rafique ◽  
Asma Jabeen ◽  
Faisal Baloch
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Marine Ecology ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Pyrolysis Reactor

Astola Island is the first marine protected area of Pakistan acknowledged 2017, June 15. It is a rich biodiversity hotspot, Ramsar site inhabiting endangered species like Green turtle, Hawksbill turtle, and Arabian Humpback whale. A saw-scaled Russell&rsquo;s viper is endemic to Island. Marine ecology of Astola Island is affected by plastic pollution resulting in coral destruction, ocean acidification, global warming, fishing nets blockage, water pollution, and coastal erosion. Zeolite catalyst synthesized from environmentally friendly way by coal fly ash to degrade collected plastic waste from Island into useful products in pyrolysis reactor. The synthesized catalyst functionalized further with three type of organosilane(1) Octyltriethoxysilane(OS),(2)Phenyltriethoxysilane(PS)(3)Vinyltriethoxysilane(VS).Zeolite functionalize with octyltriethoxy silane (ZO) shows the highest performance in plastic pyrolysis, resulting in lower degradation temperature, low residue and more product formation may be due to having long chain hydrocarbon and acidic sites. Plastic recycling is the promising solution to tackle plastic blooming issue. Which is negatively impacting all the compartments of ecosystem especially marine environment.

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