scholarly journals No place like home: The role of place attachment in increasing individual preparedness for natural hazard events

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Amanda Wallis
Keyword(s):  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Place Attachment ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Demographic Predictors ◽  
The Relationship

<p>New Zealand is exposed to many natural hazards and yet, despite its heightened risk, national rates of individual preparedness remain low. Previous research has shown that place attachment is positively associated with disaster preparedness. My work builds on this research and explores (i) the relationship between place attachment and preparedness intentions and behaviours and (ii) the potential for a place attachment intervention to change preparedness and behaviours.  In the first two studies (Chapter 2), I examined 1) participants’ levels of place attachment at different spatial scales, 2) participants’ preparedness (intentions and behaviours), and 3) place attachment as a mediator of previously identified demographic predictors of preparedness. Findings show that place attachment is associated with both preparedness intentions and behaviour when measured simultaneously. When controlling for socio-demographic predictors, participants who reported stronger house and neighbourhood attachment also reported stronger intentions to prepare (Study 1). In Study 2, house attachment was associated with mitigation preparedness behaviour, whereas neighbourhood attachment was associated with community preparedness behaviour. House and neighbourhood attachment mediated the relationship between homeownership, length of residence, and preparedness. These findings suggest that place attachment varies by spatial scale which matters for different types of disaster preparedness.  The second set of studies (Chapter 3) consisted of a pilot study with undergraduate students (Study 3) and a two-wave randomised control trial with a community sample (Study 4) to examine whether the use of a place visualisation intervention would strengthen people’s intentions to prepare (at Time 1) and encourage people to implement preparedness behaviours (at Time 2, two weeks later). I developed and implemented a guided place-based visualisation task, which asked participants to visualise a place they feel attached to (their house or in their neighbourhoods) and compared the effectiveness with visualisation of a neutral place. I expected that visualising one’s house or neighbourhood (i.e. a place people feel attached to) would result in stronger intentions to prepare and higher uptake of preparedness behaviours at a two-week follow-up when compared to people who visualised a neutral place. I did not find any meaningful effect of place visualisation on preparedness intentions or behaviours.  In Study 5 (Chapter 4), I used qualitative methods to gain a deeper understanding of the quantitative findings. I thematically analysed qualitative data gathered as part of a previous survey (Study 1) to understand people’s relationships to places in more depth and to identify what people think is important about their attachment to places at different spatial scales. I identified six key themes (i.e. social, physical, residential, functional, sentimental, psychological) that were important for place attachment across four different spatial scales.  Finally, across two chapters, I further explored my place visualisation intervention and why it may not have been as effective as expected. To this end, I first provided a mixed- methods analysis of how participants engaged with the intervention task (e.g. time spent on the task and number of words written) (Study 6, Chapter 5). Then, I used insights from behaviour change theories (Chapter 6) to discuss the findings from Studies 1-6 as they relate to the advancement of place attachment theory, application to disaster preparedness behaviour-change, and implications for intervention design and implementation. In the final chapter (Chapter 7), I discussed the key findings and implications across the entire thesis and how these can be used to inform theory, practice, and future research directions.</p>

scholarly journals No place like home: The role of place attachment in increasing individual preparedness for natural hazard events

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Amanda Wallis
Keyword(s):  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Place Attachment ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Demographic Predictors ◽  
The Relationship

<p>New Zealand is exposed to many natural hazards and yet, despite its heightened risk, national rates of individual preparedness remain low. Previous research has shown that place attachment is positively associated with disaster preparedness. My work builds on this research and explores (i) the relationship between place attachment and preparedness intentions and behaviours and (ii) the potential for a place attachment intervention to change preparedness and behaviours.  In the first two studies (Chapter 2), I examined 1) participants’ levels of place attachment at different spatial scales, 2) participants’ preparedness (intentions and behaviours), and 3) place attachment as a mediator of previously identified demographic predictors of preparedness. Findings show that place attachment is associated with both preparedness intentions and behaviour when measured simultaneously. When controlling for socio-demographic predictors, participants who reported stronger house and neighbourhood attachment also reported stronger intentions to prepare (Study 1). In Study 2, house attachment was associated with mitigation preparedness behaviour, whereas neighbourhood attachment was associated with community preparedness behaviour. House and neighbourhood attachment mediated the relationship between homeownership, length of residence, and preparedness. These findings suggest that place attachment varies by spatial scale which matters for different types of disaster preparedness.  The second set of studies (Chapter 3) consisted of a pilot study with undergraduate students (Study 3) and a two-wave randomised control trial with a community sample (Study 4) to examine whether the use of a place visualisation intervention would strengthen people’s intentions to prepare (at Time 1) and encourage people to implement preparedness behaviours (at Time 2, two weeks later). I developed and implemented a guided place-based visualisation task, which asked participants to visualise a place they feel attached to (their house or in their neighbourhoods) and compared the effectiveness with visualisation of a neutral place. I expected that visualising one’s house or neighbourhood (i.e. a place people feel attached to) would result in stronger intentions to prepare and higher uptake of preparedness behaviours at a two-week follow-up when compared to people who visualised a neutral place. I did not find any meaningful effect of place visualisation on preparedness intentions or behaviours.  In Study 5 (Chapter 4), I used qualitative methods to gain a deeper understanding of the quantitative findings. I thematically analysed qualitative data gathered as part of a previous survey (Study 1) to understand people’s relationships to places in more depth and to identify what people think is important about their attachment to places at different spatial scales. I identified six key themes (i.e. social, physical, residential, functional, sentimental, psychological) that were important for place attachment across four different spatial scales.  Finally, across two chapters, I further explored my place visualisation intervention and why it may not have been as effective as expected. To this end, I first provided a mixed- methods analysis of how participants engaged with the intervention task (e.g. time spent on the task and number of words written) (Study 6, Chapter 5). Then, I used insights from behaviour change theories (Chapter 6) to discuss the findings from Studies 1-6 as they relate to the advancement of place attachment theory, application to disaster preparedness behaviour-change, and implications for intervention design and implementation. In the final chapter (Chapter 7), I discussed the key findings and implications across the entire thesis and how these can be used to inform theory, practice, and future research directions.</p>

Place Attachment and Disaster Preparedness: Examining the Role of Place Scale and Preparedness Type

2021 ◽  
pp. 001391652110641
Author(s):  
Amanda Wallis ◽  
Ronald Fischer ◽  
Wokje Abrahamse
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Place Attachment ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Demographic Predictors ◽  
Community Preparedness ◽  
Neighborhood Attachment ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Risk Communities

Research shows that place attachment is associated with disaster preparedness. In two studies we examined (1) participants’ place attachment at different spatial scales, (2) participants’ preparedness (intentions and behaviors), and (3) place attachment as a mediator of previously identified demographic predictors of preparedness. Our findings show that place attachment is associated with both preparedness intentions and behavior. When controlling for socio-demographic predictors, participants who reported stronger house and neighborhood attachment also reported stronger intentions to prepare (Study 1). In Study 2, house attachment was associated with mitigative preparedness behavior, whereas neighborhood attachment was associated with community preparedness behavior. House and neighborhood attachment mediated the relationship between home ownership, length of residence, and preparedness. These findings suggest that place attachment varies by spatial scale which matters for different types of disaster preparedness. House and neighborhood attachment should be considered as relevant predictors of mitigative and community preparedness in at-risk communities.

HOW DO GREEN BUILDINGS COMMUNICATE GREEN DESIGN TO BUILDING USERS? A SURVEY STUDY OF A LEED-CERTIFIED BUILDING

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susie Ruqun Wu ◽  
Suk-Kyung Kim ◽  
Hogeun Park ◽  
Peilei Fan ◽  
Arika Ligmann-Zielinska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Green Design ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Affordance Theory ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Future Design

Studies investigating the benefits of green buildings can be approached by the affordance theory—the perceived properties of a thing that determine how it could possibly be used. This study focuses on the sustainable communication and education that a green building should provide. By applying the affordance theory, we examined whether a LEED-certified university campus building effectively communicates green design and sustainability to its users and if so, then how? We employed a questionnaire survey targeting campus users of a LEED-certified building by examining their awareness of the building's LEED status and perception of green design elements at multiple spatial scales, as well as their general knowledge on green building topics. We collected 177 questionnaires, of which 153 were qualified for statistical analysis. The results suggested that the building itself can afford to promote awareness among users, but cannot afford to educate users on general green building knowledge. We found that building users perceived green design at different spatial scales, preferring either product or space-related design. Our results indicate that future design should continue promoting the use of educational signage, which was found to be the most effective communicator of sustainability. The communication of green design to users with different spatial preferences remains a future research focus. Further studies on the innovative use of green building design as effective communicators are needed to promote sustainability education among the building users.

scholarly journals A-165 Letter Versus Oject Naming: Exploring the Relationship Between Rapid Naming and Fluid Reasoning Ability

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 959-959
Author(s):  
Pieciak S ◽  
Imre Z ◽  
Kibby M
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Rapid Naming ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Object Naming ◽  
Reasoning Ability ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Letter Naming ◽  
Fluid Reasoning ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective Fluid reasoning is associated with rapid naming (RN) ability in multiple studies (e.g., Mano et al., 2019), but less is known about which aspects of RN may be driving this relationship. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine which is better associated with fluid reasoning ability: letter or object naming. Method Participants comprised 226 children, ages 8–12 years (88.5% Caucasian, 53.1% Male), who completed a larger, NIH-funded study (R03HD048752, R15HD065627), representing a community sample. They encompassed children with ADHD, reading disability (RD), RD/ADHD and controls. Measures administered included the CTOPP Letter and Object Naming subtests and the Test of Nonverbal Intelligence, Third Edition (TONI-3). Results Linear regression revealed RN predicted TONI-3 scores, F(2, 223) = 7.44, p = .001, but only object naming was significant (Beta = .26, p = .002). Separate regressions demonstrated that RN was not related to TONI-3 performance for controls (p = .12), nor for children with ADHD (p = .58). It displayed a trend for children with RD, F(2, 45) = 2.99, p = .06, with only object naming being significant (Beta = .44, p = .02). Conclusions Rapid object naming, but not rapid letter naming, is related to fluid reasoning ability in a mixed sample of children. Further analysis suggests that these findings were driven by children with RD. Future research should investigate whether the semantic or visual aspect of object naming, or both, is driving this relationship.

scholarly journals The relationship between interpersonal conflict and workplace bullying

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose M. Leon-Perez ◽  
Francisco J. Medina ◽  
Alicia Arenas ◽  
Lourdes Munduate
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Interpersonal Conflict ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Relationship Conflict ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conflict Process ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the role that conflict management styles play in the relationship between interpersonal conflict and workplace bullying. Design/methodology/approach – A survey study was conducted among 761 employees from different organizations in Spain. Findings – Results suggest that an escalation of the conflict process from task related to relationship conflict may explain bullying situations to some extent. Regarding conflict management, attempts to actively manage conflict through problem solving may prevent it escalating to higher emotional levels (relationship conflict) and bullying situations; in contrast, other conflict management strategies seem to foster conflict escalation. Research limitations/implications – The correlational design makes the conclusions on causality questionable, and future research should examine the dynamic conflict process in more detail. On the other hand, to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study empirically differentiating interpersonal conflict and workplace bullying. Originality/value – This study explores how conflict management can prevent conflict escalating into workplace bullying, which has important implications for occupational health practitioners and managers.

scholarly journals Investigating the Relationship between Personality and Technology Acceptance with a Focus on the Smartphone from a Gender Perspective: Results of an Exploratory Survey Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Cornelia Sindermann ◽  
René Riedl ◽  
Christian Montag
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Association Pattern ◽  
Exploratory Survey ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
User Personality ◽  
The Relationship

Prior research found that user personality significantly affects technology acceptance perceptions and decisions. Yet, evidence on the moderating influence of user gender on the relationship between personality and technology acceptance is barely existent despite theoretical consideration. Considering this research gap, the present study reports the results of a survey in which we examined the relationships between personality and technology acceptance from a gender perspective. This study draws upon a sample of N = 686 participants (n = 209 men, n = 477 women) and applied the HEXACO Personality Inventory—Revised along with established technology acceptance measures. The major result of this study is that we do not find significant influence of user gender on the relationship between personality and technology acceptance, except for one aspect of personality, namely altruism. We found a negative association between altruism and intention to use the smartphone in men, but a positive association in women. Consistent with this finding, we also found the same association pattern for altruism and predicted usage: a negative one in men and a positive one in women. Implications for research and practice are discussed, along with limitations of the present study and possible avenues for future research.

Does Gender Role Conflict Moderate the Relationship Between Lifetime Adversity and HIV Stigma in a Community Sample of HIV-Seropositive Black Men?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1097184X2110171
Author(s):  
Tamra Burns Loeb ◽  
Juan C. Jauregui ◽  
Gail E. Wyatt ◽  
Dorothy Chin ◽  
Alison B. Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Gender Role Conflict ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Hiv Stigma ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Relationship

Previous research highlights the need to better understand the complex relationships between factors marginalizing Black men who have sex with men and women (MSMW) living with HIV, including HIV stigma, trauma, and hegemonic masculinity. We examined associations between gender role conflict (GRC), trauma, and HIV stigma in Black MSMW living with HIV. 117 participants completed the UCLA Life Adversities Screener (LADS), measures of GRC, and HIV stigma. A multivariate model with age, gender role, and the LADS as predictors of stigma was statistically significant F (4, 110) = 12.81, p < .0001. The LADS was significantly associated with stigma ( b = 11.06, t = 4.17, p < .0001) and moderated by GRC ( b = 12.19, t = 2.25, p < .05); stigma increased significantly at high, but not low GRC. High GRC heightens the relationship between trauma and HIV stigma in Black MSMW. Future research must investigate associations among trauma burden, stigma, and GRC among vulnerable populations.

scholarly journals Implementation of Project Based Learning on Student Reasoning on Covid-19 Disaster Mitigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Kiki Septaria ◽  
Binar Ayu Dewanti
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Student Reasoning ◽  
Gain Score ◽  
Post Test ◽  
School Learning ◽  
Project Structure ◽  
The Relationship

Disaster mitigation is activity that very important to teach and learning to someone as early as possible. Disaster mitigation can teach through positive activities such as school learning. This study aims to describe the implementation of Project Based Learning on students' reasoning for Class VII Covid-19 Disaster Mitigation at SMP 1 Maduran. This research is very much needed to see students' reasoning for understanding the concept of Covid-19 disaster mitigation and to train Covid-19 disaster preparedness as early as possible for students of SMPN 1 Maduran. The research method used One Group Pre-test Post-test Design with 30 students of grade VII at SMPN 1 Maduran. The results generally showed increase student reasoning with an average N-Gain score of 0.68 in the moderate category. The results of the increase in reasoning on each indicator, (1) namely explaining the relationship between the elements in the problem increased with an average N-Gain score of 0.58 in the moderate category, (2) made the problem solving project structure increase with an average N-Gain score of 0.76 with the High category, and (3) realizing projects that have been designed in the form of completion results increased with an average N-Gain score of 0.67 in the moderate category. Based on the data generated, it can be shown that learning using Project Based Learning is able to improve students' reasoning in class VII Covid-19 disaster mitigation material at SMPN 1 Maduran. Future research expected to be able measure students' creativity in the process of problems solving in mitigating the Covid-19 disaster.

scholarly journals Validation of the Psychological Insight Scale: A new scale to assess psychological insight following a psychedelic experience

2022 ◽  
pp. 026988112110667
Author(s):  
Joseph M Peill ◽  
Katie E Trinci ◽  
Hannes Kettner ◽  
Lea J Mertens ◽  
Leor Roseman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
High Internal Consistency ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: As their name suggests, ‘psychedelic’ (mind-revealing) compounds are thought to catalyse processes of psychological insight; however, few satisfactory scales exist to sample this. This study sought to develop a new scale to measure psychological insight after a psychedelic experience: the Psychological Insight Scale (PIS). Methods: The PIS is a six- to seven-item questionnaire that enquires about psychological insight after a psychedelic experience (PIS-6) and accompanied behavioural changes (PIS item 7). In total, 886 participants took part in a study in which the PIS and other questionnaires were completed in a prospective fashion in relation to a planned psychedelic experience. For validation purposes, data from 279 participants were analysed from a non-specific ‘global psychedelic survey’ study. Results: Principal components analysis of PIS scores revealed a principal component explaining 73.57% of the variance, which displayed high internal consistency at multiple timepoints throughout the study (average Cronbach’s α = 0.94). Criterion validity was confirmed using the global psychedelic survey study, and convergent validity was confirmed via the Therapeutic-Realizations Scale. Furthermore, PIS scores significantly mediated the relationship between emotional breakthrough and long-term well-being. Conclusion: The PIS is complementary to current subjective measures used in psychedelic studies, most of which are completed in relation to the acute experience. Insight – as measured by the PIS – was found to be a key mediator of long-term psychological outcomes following a psychedelic experience. Future research may investigate how insight varies throughout a psychedelic process, its underlying neurobiology and how it impacts behaviour and mental health.

A Survey Study of Spiritual Change and Related Factors Among the Surviving Loved Ones of Homicide Victims

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052090555
Author(s):  
Shannon Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Growth ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Perceived Justice ◽  
Spiritual Change ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

A survey study was conducted as the second phase of a sequential mixed-methods study of spiritual change after the homicide of a loved one. The purpose of the study was to test the Theory of Post-Homicide Spiritual Change (Theory of PHSC), which emerged in Phase 1 of the larger study. The formulation of survey research questions and hypotheses was guided by the emerging theory. Data were collected online using Qualtrics. Respondents ( N = 112) completed a demographic and background questionnaire that was devised for the study based on a review of important factors in homicidal bereavement. They also responded to established measures, including a modified version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, the Integration of Stressful Life Experiences Scale (ISLES), and the Perceived Justice Scale. The ISLES was comprised of two subscales—Comprehensibility and Footing in the World. Significant findings revealed that posttraumatic growth (PTG) was higher among those for whom 3 or more years had passed since the murder, as compared with those for whom fewer than 3 years had passed. The age of the victim was positively correlated with integration of loss. Christian respondents reported higher levels of integration of loss and PTG, as compared with non-Christian respondents. Integration of loss was a mediator of the relationship between perceived justice and integration of loss, while footing in the world was a mediator of the relationship between comprehensibility and PTG. Contrary to hypotheses, integration of loss did not differ by time since murder. This finding is interpreted in terms of the limitations of the study sample and in terms of future research directions in this area. The results of this study yield important insight into spiritual change and related factors that can be used to guide service provision with the homicide survivor population.

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