Physiological and Hereditary Hyperbilirubinemia in Athletes: Role in Reducing Efficiency and Correction Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 386-393
Author(s):  
L. M. Gunina ◽  
◽  
Kazys Mylashyus ◽  
Voitenko V. L. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
The Body ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Bilirubin Metabolism ◽  
The Individual

Under high-intensity loads, the athlete's bodies take place a number of biochemical reactions and physiological processes that can lead to hyperbilirubinemia. The factors that can initiate the onset of this phenomenon include the syndrome of micro-damage muscle, violation of the integrity of erythrocyte membranes, decreased blood pH, malnutrition and increase oxygen demand of the body. Degree of expression of manifestations of physiological bilirubinemia depends on the level of adaptation of the athlete to the physical activities offered. Hyperbilirubinemia in athletes can be one of the components of the deterioration of the functional state, forming the symptoms of endogenous intoxication. The relevance of this problem in sport lies in the relatively low detection rate of hyperbilirubinemia due to the lack of regular screening studies. However, in drawing up a plan of nutritional- metabolic support for training and competitive activity and recovery measures, must not only the individual reaction of the athlete body to physical activity, but also the severity of shifts in the indicators of bilirubin metabolism and their ratio. The article describes the reasons for the increase in bilirubin levels, which can be caused by both the effect of physical activity and by the presence of pathological processes in athletes. The factors influencing the blood serum’s bilirubin content are also highlighted, which include the state of erythrocyte cell membranes and the rate of hemoglobin destruction, the functional state of the liver, the specifics of physical loads and the use of ergogenic pharmacological agents by athletes. Particular accent has been placed on the illumination of hereditary hyperbilirubinemias, which may have been detected at the stage of selection of athletes. The most common phenomenon is Gilbert's syndrome, which occurs in 2-5% of cases in the general population, is characterized in the clinic by a benign flow and is manifested by episodes of jaundice and an increase in total bilirubin content to moderate values due to indirect. The frequency of detection of hyperbilirubinemias in the population of athletes is 4.68%, among which Gilbert's disease accounts for almost half (48.7%). Conclusion. The work highlighted the pathogenesis and diagnostic algorithm of Gilbert's disease, and also emphasized that its drug prevention and correction in athletes to maintain functional and physical fitness should be carried out taking into account anti-doping rules, which requires upon diagnosis timely receipt of a therapeutic exclusion

scholarly journals Relationship between Symptoms in Women with Endometriosis and Lifestyles: a Qualitative Interview Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-183
Author(s):  
M. Scavone ◽  
C. Gizzi ◽  
E. Albi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Italian Women ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Reproductive Aged Women

AbstractEndometriosis is a common condition that affects reproductive-aged women and is characterized by the presence of endo-metrial tissue outside the uterine cavity with nodules and lesions. The study aimed to analyze lifestyles of women affected by endometriosis in relation with their symptoms. In this observational study, 735 Italian women have been interviewed online through a questionnaire structured in two parts. The first part was mainly anamnestic, focused on gathering information about the age, the stage of disease, comorbidities, involved organs, symptomatology, chirurgical treatment, induced menopause. The second part focused on the individual characteristics and lifestyle of the patients such as the body mass index, physical activity, quality of sleep, and the diet. The results showed how a healthy diet and a regular physical activity reduce drastically the symptoms of the patients.

scholarly journals Assessment of the health of medical students

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
Anastasiya A. Khablova ◽  
Galina N. Bondar’ ◽  
Pavel F. Kiku ◽  
Natal’ya S. Tumanova ◽  
Valentina N. Rasskazova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Academic Workload ◽  
The Individual

Human health, in addition to social and spiritual well-being, is determined by its physical condition, which reflects the functional capabilities of the body, features of physical development and ensures working capacity in any activity, including academic workload, which is extremely important for students in higher educational institutions. The purpose of the study is to assess the health status of students at the School of Biomedicine of the Far Eastern Federal University. Material and methods. The health status of 184 medical students (147 young women and 37 young men) was assessed using a sociological survey (questionnaire) and a study of the component composition of the body using bioimpedancemetry. Results. The low physical activity, detected in 68% of students and bad habits (smoking tobacco) have been established to negatively affect students’ health. Among smokers, 75% of students live in dormitories on the university campus. According to the results of bioimpedancemetry, significant deviations from the age norm were noted in terms of body mass index (BMI) (50% of cases) and fat mass (FM) (71% of cases). Significant gender differences in the individual components of the body were not identified. Discussion. The most aggressive factors that significantly affect the health of students are unbalanced nutrition, lack of compliance with the regime of study and rest, lack of sleep and stay in the fresh air, lack of physical activity, lack of motivation for a healthy lifestyle. Significant deviations in BMI and FM, identified by bioimpedancemetry, indicate the risks of developing arterial hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and nutritional status disorders. Medical students need to give recommendations for increasing motor activity and changing diet. Conclusion. The results of the study can be used in the future to determine the functional state of students and develop preventive measures to preserve the health of medical students.

scholarly journals Development of endurance in volleyball players with the help of fitness elements in ZVO

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
S. Vaskevich
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Common Component ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Specific Manifestation

One of the most important problems of training volleyball players is the development of motor abilities and, in particular, endurance. Many researchers note that endurance is a common property of the human body, which finds a specific manifestation in various types of motor activity, including sports. In other cases, endurance is the ability of the body to perform any physical activity for a long time without reducing its effectiveness, in other words, endurance is opposed to the process of fatigue. A number of authors, along with General and special endurance, distinguish high-speed, high-speed-power, power, local, regional, global, and in some cases universal, long-term, short-term, and static endurance as a type of special endurance. A common component for all types of endurance is volitional tension, through which the intensity is maintained, but up to a certain limit. However, endurance should be distinguished from such a concept as human performance. Despite various formulations, all authors agree that efficiency is the maximum work that a person can do, that is, the ability to perform the maximum amount of work possible for them. Now the effectiveness of aerobics is generally recognized. Aerobics is a set of endurance exercises that last for a relatively long t ime and are associated with achieving a balance between the body's oxygen needs and its delivery. The body's response to increased oxygen demand is called a training effect or positive physical shifts. To develop such physical qualities as endurance, volleyball players need to include various types of physical training in their training. When performing physical exercises, some changes occur in the body: the total volume of blood increases so much that the ability to transport oxygen improves, and therefore the athlete shows greater endurance during strenuous physical exertion. Having analyzed the modern scientific and methodological literature and the latest ways of using fitness varieties. We can say that fitness technologies develop, strengthen, correct and generally improve the physical fitness of athletes, as well as improve the individual physical quality of each athlete, which required more attention. Aerobics helps to cope with physical and emotional stress. Therefore, volleyball athletes who include in their training fitness programs aerobic load much faster improve their physical qualities, namely endurance.

scholarly journals SOMATOTYPOLOGIC ESTIMATION OF STUDENTS-YOUTHS WITH THE DIFFERENT LEVEL OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Kolokoltsev
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Muscular Force ◽  
Left Wrist ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Component Content

The prevention of different diseases among students must be based on the need for the individualization of all health saving technologies with taking into account the type of constitution, dynamics of its development, interrelation with the physical activity and the functional state. Purpose of the work is to give the characteristic of somatotypes of the constitution of the students-youths of the Irkutsk region with taking into account special features of their functional state. There were examined 1014 students-youths aged of 17-20 years, referred due to the health status for the occupations by physical culture to the I -1 (basic) functional group and 275 students referred to IV group (group Curable Physical Culture). For somatotyping and constitutional diagnostics there was used the procedure by R.N. Dorokhov, V.G. Petrukhina (1989). There were established significant differences in the types of constitution in the youths of the I and IV functional groups. This is manifested by the fact that microsomic (MiS) type youths are recorded in the IV functional group by 2 times less frequent than in the I group, but by 1.4 time more frequent than macrosomic (MaS) students. There was revealed the large number of youths referred to transitional somatotypes who have the retarded variant of the development. The component content of the body of youths in both functional groups according to the bone mass is somewhat lower than standard, fat is above standard in both groups, muscular mass is in limits of standard range in the I functional group and is descended in the IV group. In a somatotypologic set of both functional groups from MiS to MegS to type there is noted a reduction of the absolute and relative content of muscular mass and the gain of fat. The insufficient content of muscular mass in students of IV functional group is related with their low physical activity, that is confirmed by reliably poor development of the muscular force of right and left wrist of hands.

scholarly journals NEĮGALIŲJŲ, JUDANČIŲ VEŽIMĖLIUOSE, SAVIRAIŠKOS GALIMYBĖS FIZINIO AKTYVUMO PERSPEKTYVOJE

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Vilma Stankutė ◽  
Laimutė Samsonienė ◽  
Algirdas Juozulynas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Severity Of Disability ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Effective Development

Recognizing the power of people with disabilities in physical activities, regardless of their abilities, we establish the conditions for their effective development: encourage their self-expression, self-image, self-esteem and improve body image. Objective of the study - to assess the self-sufficiency and personal physical activity experience and a real need. Take the test - 29 respondents with a physical disability and moving wheelchair. The study was conducted in 2014. In July and August, Palanga drug prevention in the hospital and the Lithuanian Association of paraplegics lanšafto therapy and reakreacijos center. Research methods - in order to find out personal empowerment of the individual factors and the overall social environment level, through personal expression conditions, dynamic and self determination was applied qualitative research method, using a semi-structured interview data collection method and the open and closed reference questions; the level of independence of the respondents assessed the FIM and Barthel index. The results - regardless of the severity of disability, level of independence, and time after injury or illness, physical activity, respondents evaluated positively: positive emotions, new experiences, good health, positive body image.

scholarly journals Validity and Reliability of Self-Perception-Based Submaximal Fitness Tests in Young Adult Females: An Educational Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Luigi Invernizzi ◽  
Gabriele Signorini ◽  
Andrea Bosio ◽  
Gaetano Raiola ◽  
Raffaele Scurati
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Interclass Correlation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Self ◽  
Push Up

Background: In physical activity, testing procedures generally require maximal efforts. They are not always administrable or appropriate (e.g., with beginners, elderly, or in school); therefore, alternative submaximal procedures might be more fitting. This study aimed to assess the criterion validity and reliability of submaximal tests based on perceptual variables to be used instead of the corresponding maximal procedures to evaluate muscular endurance, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory fitness. The sustainability of this “educational” rationale to achieve the individual self-government and self-determination of testing and exercising has been further discussed. Methods: A total of 16 female gym practitioners (age 23 ± 3 years) performed five submaximal tests (push-up, S-PU; crunch, S-CR; wall-sit, S-WS; bending forward, S-BF; Step test, S-ST), whose results were compared to those from the corresponding maximal tests (push-up, PU; crunch, CR; wall-sit, WS; sit-and-reach, S&R; Yo-yo, YY). Results: The Interclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was higher than 0.8 in all of the submaximal tests. High correlations were found between all submaximal and maximal tests except between YY and S-ST, though their mean heart rates were correlated. Conclusions: Submaximal tests based on an internal load at about 50% of the maximal perceived exertion are equally valid and reliable to the corresponding gold-standard maximal tests, except for the cardiorespiratory evaluation. The educational rationale of this study supports self-acting as a calibration mechanism of physical activity, promoting a proper use of the body but not its overuse.

APPLICATION OF CLOVE ESSENTIAL OIL FOR CORRECTION OF SHIFTS IN HEMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS IN STUDENTS INDUCED BY CYCLE ERGOMETER EXERCISE

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2 (249)) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
E.S. Gevorkyan ◽  
L.E. Ghukasyan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Ergometer Exercise ◽  
Rapid Restoration ◽  
Clove Essential Oil

Shifts in some cardiac hemodynamic parameters were studied in students during a 15-minute cycle ergometer load attended with cold inhalation of clove essential oil. It is shown that the use of essential oil of cloves contributes to the alignment of shifts in the level of functional indicators of students, by increasing the adaptive capacity of the organism. Essential oil of cloves causes a decrease of “physiological cost” of physical activity performed by students by strengthening the economization processes of functional systems activity. Curing an increase in the sympathetic effects on the body, induced by physical activity, the oil of cloves contributes to the rapid restoration of the functional state of the body in the nearest post-load period. As a control, indicators of the functional state and cardiac hemodynamics of students who, during bicycle ergometer load, were not subjected to the corrective influence of the essential oil of cloves, were used.

scholarly journals МЕТОД ОЦІНКИ ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНОГО СТАНУ ЛЮДИНИ НА ОСНОВІ ЯВИЩА СТАБІЛЬНОСТІ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ВЕЛИЧИНИ ПРОВІДНОСТІ В МІКРОЗОНАХ

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. P. Strakhova ◽  
A. A. Ryzhov
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual

Important research task is to find the integral criterion of rapid assessment the person's functional state and its current changes. Used for this purpose, the traditional methods do not always provide a complete and easy-to-interpret description of this subject. The methods of determining the functional state by a measuring skin conductance and existing rules for processing the results are considered here. Is illustrated a strategy for determining the functional state by electrocutaneous characteristics of acupuncture points, or micro-zones.<p>The investigation of human functional state by measuring the electrocutaneous characteristics of micro-zones led to the discovery of the phenomenon of the stability of the average value of the conductivity in electrodermal acupuncture “meridians source-point”. Mutual relations between the average values of the individual electrocutaneous characteristics in micro-zones turned out to be a stable and persist over time. Electrocutaneous characteristics of micro-zones reflect the current functional state of a person, so their measurement can be used to find the relative change in the condition of the person in the course of any activity.<br />The functional state of a person depends on the season, the degree of fatigue, has gender differences.<br />The proposed method of processing the measurements of the electrocutaneous characteristics in micro-zones has novelty; it allows determining the relative changes in the status of the body individual systems, and to carry out the quantitative calculations of such changes.<br />Given the non-chaotic mutual relative distribution of electrocutaneous characteristics of micro-zones mean values, we can assume that the micro-zones actually exist; each of them has some informative parameters (like the teeth of the ECG) and are functional reflections of skin -and- visceral connections. Probably it is a representation of one more regulatory system of an organism.</p>

scholarly journals Influence of the individual typological features of autonomic regulation on the indicators of functional and physical readiness of athletes

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Julia Kovalenko ◽  
Valeria Tyshchenko ◽  
Fedir Tovstopiatko ◽  
Sofia Novytska
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Motor Training ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Fitness Indicators ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Training ◽  
Generalization Of Data ◽  
Individual Motor

Goal. To develop a program of training sessions, taking into account the individual motor propensity for purposeful improvement of functional and physical fitness of kayakers at the stage of preparation for higher achievements. Methods: analysis and generalization of data of special scientific and methodical literature and abstract databases on the research topic; pedagogical observations of the educational and training process, where the parameters of physical activity during classes were recorded; assessment of physical fitness indicators; assessment of functional status, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. It turned out to be necessary to ensure the effectiveness of the body's adaptation to maximum physical activity, to achieve a "balanced" formation and stabilization of sports form in each individual kayaker at the stage of preparation for higher achievements with set deadlines and maintaining optimal readiness for competition. In this regard, the organization of the training process when planning training loads should be based on the properties of the development of the body of athletes and should be based on the types of motor training. The use of the author's program of training sessions, taking into account individual motor skills for purposeful improvement of functional and physical fitness has allowed to bring kayakers, who were involved in scientific research, to a new qualitative and quantitative level of skill, which has been implemented according to relevant indicators. Conclusions. The study of the effectiveness of different types of motor training at the stage of preparation for higher achievements in rowing kayakers on their functional and physical fitness expands the possibility of creating new and improving existing comprehensive training programs, the use of which will improve competitive activity.

scholarly journals Functional state assessment on the dynamics of interparametric concatenations during exercise tests

Medicina ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Poderys ◽  
Eurelija Venskaitytė ◽  
Kristina Poderienė ◽  
Alfonsas Buliuolis ◽  
Alfonsas Vainoras
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Matrix Theory ◽  
State Assessment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Sequences Analysis ◽  
The Individual

The aim of this study was to complement an analytical approach by new methodology of data sequences analysis of muscular and cardiovascular indices during the assessments of functional state. The participants of the study were 14 elite Greco-roman wrestlers and they underwent two exercise tests 30 squats per 45 s while 12-lead ECG was recorded continuously and 30-s vertical jumps test while the height, contact and flight times of each jump recorded. The parametric interactions parameters and their sequences analysis based on a mathematical method founded upon a matrix theory were applied. The obtained results enabled to identify dynamical changes of the independence of parameters or an opposite phenomenon – interaction. The dynamics of ECG or performance parameters did not allowed to fi nd out the moments of critical changes during the exercising. The dynamics of concatenation between the time of push-off and the height of jumps while performing repeated jumps has a tendency to increase in the values of discriminant and the fl uctuations at some point of jumping task comes on. Analysis of concatenation between ECG or muscle performance parameters allows distinguishing the individual peculiarities which could be in value of discriminant, in time of exercising before the fl uctuations occurs, in character how the body behave as to compensate fatigue. It was concluded that assessment the dynamics of inter-parametric concatenation of physiological parameters based on the data sequences analysis provide a new approach in the field of functional state assessment allowing to reveal features of functional preparedness and fatigability during workloads.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document