scholarly journals The Road Less Travelled: Using Administrative Data To Understand Inequalities By Sexual Orientation

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-87
Author(s):  
Francisco Perales
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Economic Disparities ◽  
Broad Category ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Core ◽  
Majority Groups

Understanding the processes contributing to equality of opportunity and outcomes in contemporary societies is at the core of the discipline of sociology. This paper illustrates the value of administrative data to underpin research aimed at identifying, monitoring, and addressing socio-economic disparities between population groups. To accomplish this, I draw on three case studies of recent empirical research leveraging administrative data to examine processes contributing to the (re)production of inequalities by sexual orientation. Collectively, the three case studies exemplify how data sources that fall within the broad category of ‘administrative data’ can help social researchers generate new, policy-relevant knowledge on socio-economic inequalities, as well as robust information to contextualize public and legislative debate. The paper concludes with a discussion of the promises and challenges of using administrative data to understand inequalities by sexual orientation, as well as inequalities between other minority and majority groups.

Integration of statistical and administrative agricultural data from Namibia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Emily Berg ◽  
Johgho Im ◽  
Zhengyuan Zhu ◽  
Colin Lewis-Beck ◽  
Jie Li
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Extension Programs ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Administrative Agencies ◽  
Crop Area ◽  
Using Data

Statistical and administrative agencies often collect information on related parameters. Discrepancies between estimates from distinct data sources can arise due to differences in definitions, reference periods, and data collection protocols. Integrating statistical data with administrative data is appealing for saving data collection costs, reducing respondent burden, and improving the coherence of estimates produced by statistical and administrative agencies. Model based techniques, such as small area estimation and measurement error models, for combining multiple data sources have benefits of transparency, reproducibility, and the ability to provide an estimated uncertainty. Issues associated with integrating statistical data with administrative data are discussed in the context of data from Namibia. The national statistical agency in Namibia produces estimates of crop area using data from probability samples. Simultaneously, the Namibia Ministry of Agriculture, Water, and Forestry obtains crop area estimates through extension programs. We illustrate the use of a structural measurement error model for the purpose of synthesizing the administrative and survey data to form a unified estimate of crop area. Limitations on the available data preclude us from conducting a genuine, thorough application. Nonetheless, our illustration of methodology holds potential use for a general practitioner.

scholarly journals The core components of education 4.0 in higher education: Three case studies in engineering education

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 107278
Author(s):  
Jhonattan Miranda ◽  
Christelle Navarrete ◽  
Julieta Noguez ◽  
José-Martin Molina-Espinosa ◽  
María-Soledad Ramírez-Montoya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Components

Severe Maternal Morbidity: A Comparison of Definitions and Data Sources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M Snowden ◽  
Audrey Lyndon ◽  
Peiyi Kan ◽  
Alison El Ayadi ◽  
Elliott Main ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Administrative Data ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Claims Data ◽  
Birth Certificate ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Severe Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Control And Prevention

Abstract Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) is a composite outcome measure that indicates serious, potentially life-threatening maternal health problems. There is great interest in defining SMM using administrative data for surveillance and research. In the US, one common way of defining SMM at the population level is an index developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Modifications have been proposed to this index (e.g., excluding maternal transfusion); some research defines SMM using an index introduced by Bateman et al. Birth certificate data are also increasingly being used to define SMM. We compared commonly used US definitions of SMM to each other among all California births, 2007-2012, using the Kappa statistic and other measures. We also evaluated agreement between maternal morbidity fields on the birth certificate compared to claims data. Concordance was generally low between the 7 definitions of SMM analyzed (i.e., κ < 0.4 for 13 of 21 two-way comparisons), Low concordance was particularly driven by presence/absence of transfusion and claims data versus birth certificate definitions. Low agreement between administrative data-based definitions of SMM highlights that results can be expected to differ between them. Further research is needed on validity of SMM definitions, using more fine-grained data sources.

scholarly journals Mid-level generalizations of generative linguistics: Experimental robustness, cognitive underpinnings and the interdisciplinarity paradox

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-374
Author(s):  
Evelina Leivada
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Universal Grammar ◽  
Generative Syntax ◽  
Generative Linguistics ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rigorous Testing ◽  
Rule Out

Abstract This work examines the nature of the so-called “mid-level generalizations of generative linguistics” (MLGs). In 2015, Generative Syntax in the 21st Century: The Road Ahead was organized. One of the consensus points that emerged related to the need for establishing a canon, the absence of which was argued to be a major challenge for the field, raising issues of interdisciplinarity and interaction. Addressing this challenge, one of the outcomes of this conference was a list of MLGs. These refer to results that are well established and uncontroversially accepted. The aim of the present work is to embed some MLGs into a broader perspective. I take the Cinque hierarchies for adverbs and adjectives and the Final-over-Final Constraint as case studies in order to determine their experimental robustness. It is showed that at least some MLGs face problems of inadequacy when tapped into through rigorous testing, because they rule out data that are actually attested. I then discuss the nature of some MLGs and show that in their watered-down versions, they do hold and can be derived from general cognitive/computational biases. This voids the need to cast them as language-specific principles, in line with the Chomskyan urge to approach Universal Grammar from below.

The Oxford Handbook of Grammatical Number

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Mental Representation ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Numeral Classifiers ◽  
Number Marking ◽  
The Core ◽  
Grammatical Number ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Linguistic Means

This volume offers an overview of current research on grammatical number in language. The chapters Part i of the handbook present foundational notions in the study of grammatical number covering the semantic analyses of plurality, the mass–count distinction, the relationship between number and quantity expressions and the mental representation of number and individuation. The core instance of grammatical number is marking for number distinctions in nominal expressions as in English the book/the books and the chapters in Part ii, Number in the nominal domain, explore morphological, semantic, and syntactic aspects of number marking within noun phrases. The contributions examine morphological marking of number the relationship between syntax and nominal number marking, and the interactions between numeral classifiers with semantic number and number marking. They also address cases of mismatches in form and meaning with respect to number displayed by lexical plurals and collective nouns. The final chapter reviews nominal number processing from the perspective of language pathologies. While number marking on nouns has been the focus of most research on number, number distinctions can also be found in the event domain. Part iii, Number in the event domain, presents an overview of different linguistic means of expressing plurality in the event domain, covering verbal plurality marking, pluractional modifiers of the form Noun preposition Noun, frequency adjectives and dependent indefinites. Part iv provides fifteen case studies examining different aspects of grammatical number marking in a range of typologically diverse languages.

scholarly journals Metaphor in applied linguistics: four cognitive approaches

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (spe) ◽  
pp. 21-44
Author(s):  
Gerard Steen
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Central Issue ◽  
Language And Thought ◽  
The Core ◽  
System 2 ◽  
Cognitive Approaches ◽  
The Relationship

This article presents some considerations into metaphor in language and thought- 'the topic and title of the first conference of its kind in Brazil'. The paper focuses on the discussions presented in the round table, which were mostly directed to the empirical research on metaphor in Applied Linguistics. This integrative and retrospective reflection on the papers presented will be conducted from the perspective of the debate into the relationship between metaphor in language and in thought. This central issue is at the core of my proposal for four different approaches to metaphor, based on the interdependence between language and thought as system and as use:1) metaphor in language as system; 2) metaphor in thought as system; 3) metaphor in language as use and 4) metaphor in thought as use. It is within the framework of these categories that metaphors should be studied, with a certain degree of autonomy, so that their interdependence can be better understood.

scholarly journals ADVERSITY ENCOUNTERED ON THE ROAD TO GENDER DIVERSITY – WOMEN AND MEN IN HIGH BUSINESS POSITIONS AND IN SCIENTIFIC DOMAINS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Joanna Pyrkosz-Pacyna
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Academic Journal ◽  
The Road ◽  
Gender Balance ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Broad Variety ◽  
On The Road

The idea for this Special Issue actually originated during a conference devoted to gender equality in business settings: “It’s complicated. Gender balance in leadership” organized in 2018 by Diversity Hub, an organization focused on Diversity and Inclusion. Inspired by Professor Katarzyna Leszczyńska (AGH University of Science and Technology) and supported by Dr Tomasz Dąbrowski (Diversity Hub) the idea of an entire issue of an academic journal devoted to research and case studies on gender equality in science and business came to life. We opened the journal to sociologists, psychologists, cultural studies researchers, anthropologists, journalists and practitioners to share with us their work in this area. We received a broad variety of articles that tackled the notion from different perspectives and chose five articles that in our opinion provide the most interesting and professional contribution to the topic of gender representation in STEM and high business positions.

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