Respiratory and metabolic effects of massive administration of isotonic saline solution in heaves-affected and control horses

PURPOSE: To evaluate the histological features in lungs, peritoneum and liver of rats subjected to fecal peritonitis and treated with peritoneal lavage with 0.2% ropivacaine. METHODS: Twenty Wistar rats were subjected to laparotomy 6 h after the fecal peritonitis induction with autogenous stool. Rats were randomly distributed into 4 groups: I - (n=5) Control, no treatment; II - (n=5) Drying of the abdominal cavity; III - (n=5) Abdominal cavity lavage with 3 ml 0.9% saline solution and drying; and IV - (n=5) Abdominal cavity lavage with 3 ml 0.2% ropivacaine and drying. The animals that died underwent necropsy, and the surviving ones were subjected to euthanasia on the 11th day post-surgery. Fragments of liver, lungs and peritoneum were removed for histological evaluation. RESULTS: The animals that received peritoneal lavage (groups III and IV) showed greater survival than the drying and control groups. Lavage with ropivacaine prevented death during the observed period. Peritoneal lavage with ropivacaine maintained the architecture of the lung, peritoneum and liver without any important histological alterations. The histopathological findings analyzed correlated with greater survival of group IV. CONCLUSION: Treatment of fecal peritonitis in rats with peritoneal lavage using 0.2% ropivacaine demonstrated a reduction in histopathological alterations related to inflammatory response and sepsis.

Download Full-text

Influence of starvation on enzyme-induced emphysema

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1980.48.2.284 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 284-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

H. Sahebjami ◽

C. L. Vassallo

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Isotonic Saline ◽

Internal Surface ◽

High Volume ◽

Elastic Recoil ◽

Internal Surface Area ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Daily Food ◽

And Control

Adult rats were exposed to an aerosol of 10% papain for 8 h twice in a 2-wk interval. The control rats were exposed to isotonic saline in the same manner. Three weeks after the final exposure rats were divided into four groups: emphysema-fed, emphysema-starved, control-fed, and control-starved. Starved animals received one-third of their measured daily food consumption and water ad libitum for 6 wk. Final body weight, dry and wet weights of lungs and postfixation lung volume (VL) were significantly lower in starved rats. Dry-to-wet weight ratios were not significantly different among the groups, but VL/body weight was significantly higher in starved animals. Elastic recoil pressure of lung tissue determined in saline-filled lungs decreased and chord compliance over mid- and high-volume ranges increased significantly in starved animals both in control and emphysema groups. Mean linear intercept of air spaces was greater and internal surface area was smaller in starved rats in each group. Therefore, it appears that starvation aggravates the preexisting emphysematous processes in rat lungs.

Download Full-text

The cytoprotective effect of a nitric oxide donor drug on gastric mucous membrane of rats treated with ketoprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-28032006000300015 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 233-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Afonso Luiz Villa ◽

Ceneviva Reginaldo ◽

Fernanda Viaro ◽

Fernando Ramalho ◽

Antonio Dorival Campos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Isosorbide Dinitrate ◽

Saline Solution ◽

Isotonic Saline ◽

Nitric Oxide Donor ◽

Group Iii ◽

Inflammatory Drugs ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Gastric Mucous ◽

Lesion Index

BACKGROUND: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are considered today a very important group of medication, with a wide variety of therapeutic use, in different areas of modern medicine. Despite their beneficial effects on the patient, these drugs show a high incidence of side effects, mainly in the gastrointestinal tract. The physiopathological mechanisms of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs induced lesions and the gastric mucosa defense mechanism became an important source for medical research, especially those which try to evaluate the role of nitric oxide as a cytoprotective agent. AIM: To define a possible cytoprotective effect of a nitric oxide donor, isosorbide dinitrate, on the gastric mucous of rats submitted to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ketoprofen treatment. METHODS: Adult male Wistar rats, previously submitted to starvation for 24 hours and divided in three groups: group I (standard): animals that received isotonic saline solution intragastric by gavage and intravenous. Group II (control-ketoprofen): animals that received isotonic saline solution intragastric by gavage and ketoprofen intravenous. Group III (nitrate/ketoprofen): animals that received 2mM solution of isosorbide dinitrate intragastric by gavage and ketoprofen intravenous. Later on, these animals were sacrificed and had their stomach removed and submitted to macroscopical, microscopical and biochemical studies. The evaluated parameters were: a) gastric lesion index; b) gastric mucous layer thickness; c) gastric tissue nitrate/nitrite (NOx) concentration and d) gastric tissue malondialdehyde concentration. RESULTS: a) Gastric lesion index evaluation showed a smaller statistically significant incidence on the animals of group III; b) group III showed a thicker mucous layer, which also was statistically significant, when compared to group II; c) the variation on tissue nitrate/nitrite concentration was similar in all three groups, without statistical significance when compared to each other. CONCLUSION: Isosorbide dinitrate has a cytoprotective activity on the gastric mucosa of rats submitted to ketoprofen action.

Download Full-text

Effects of isotonic saline solution resuscitation on blood coagulation in uncontrolled hemorrhage

Surgery ◽

10.1016/s0039-6060(96)80262-5 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 119 (5) ◽

pp. 528-533 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Jeffrey B. Selby ◽

James E. Mathis ◽

Carrie F. Berry ◽

Frederick N. Hagedorn ◽

Hana P. Illner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Coagulation ◽

Saline Solution ◽

Isotonic Saline ◽

Uncontrolled Hemorrhage

Download Full-text

Evaluation of basilar artery and cerebrospinal fluid dynamics using phase‐contrast MRI: Comparison between mannitol and isotonic saline solution

Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound ◽

10.1111/vru.12898 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 61 (6) ◽

pp. 680-687

Author(s):

Ai Hori ◽

Wakako Seo ◽

Kenjirou Miyoshi ◽

Kohei Makita ◽

Kiwamu Hanazono ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fluid Dynamics ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Basilar Artery ◽

Phase Contrast ◽

Saline Solution ◽

Isotonic Saline ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid Dynamics ◽

Phase Contrast Mri

Download Full-text

Fluid Movement Across the Wall of the Small Intestine in Vitro

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content ◽

10.1152/ajplegacy.1956.187.2.244 ◽

1956 ◽

Vol 187 (2) ◽

pp. 244-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

T. Hastings Wilson

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Sodium Chloride ◽

Saline Solution ◽

Isotonic Saline ◽

Bicarbonate Secretion ◽

Serosal Side ◽

Fluid Movement ◽

Mucosal Side

Small sacs of everted jejunum of the hamster were incubated in sugar free bicarbonate-saline solution in vitro. Both fluid and sodium chloride moved across the wall of the intestine from mucosal to serosal side. This movement of isotonic saline solution across the intestine was inhibited anaerobically. A small bicarbonate secretion was noted in the direction of serosal to mucosal side.

Download Full-text

Drinking-induced thermoregulatory panting in rehydrated sheep: influences of oropharyngeal/esophageal signals, core temperature, and thirst satiety

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.90890.2008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 296 (6) ◽

pp. R1881-R1888 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

M. J. McKinley ◽

F. Weissenborn ◽

M. L. Mathai

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Core Temperature ◽

Heat Load ◽

Water Deprivation ◽

Saline Solution ◽

Isotonic Saline ◽

Cool Water ◽

Rapid Fall

Dehydrated mammals conserve body water by reducing thermoregulatory evaporative cooling responses e.g., panting and sweating. Increased core temperature (Tc) may result. Following rehydration and correction of fluid deficits, panting and sweating commence. We investigated the role of oropharyngeal/esophageal, postabsorptive and thermal signals in the panting response, and reduced Tc that occurs when unshorn sheep drink water following water deprivation for 2 days (ambient temperature 20°C). Ingestion of water (at body temperature) resulted in increased respiratory rate (panting) and reduced Tc within 4 min that persisted for at least 90 min. Initially, a similar panting response and reduced Tc occurred following rehydration by drinking isotonic saline solution, but panting was not sustained after 20 min, and Tc began to rise again. Rehydration by intraruminal administration of water, without any drinking, resulted in delayed panting and fall in Tc. Intraruminal infusion of saline was ineffective. Rehydration by drinking cool water (20°C) resulted in a rapid fall in Tc without increased panting. Shorn sheep had lower basal Tc that did not increase during 2 days of water deprivation, and they did not pant on rehydration by drinking water. Our results indicate that signals from the oropharyngeal and/or esophageal region associated with the act of drinking play a crucial role in the initial 20–30 min of the panting response to rehydration. Postabsorptive factors most likely reduced plasma tonicity and cause continued panting and further reduction in Tc. Tc also influences rehydration-induced panting. It occurs only if sheep incur a heat load during bodily dehydration.

Download Full-text

Demonstration of in vivo metabolic effects of 3,5-di-iodothyronine

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.1490319 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 149 (2) ◽

pp. 319-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

M Cimmino ◽

F Mion ◽

F Goglia ◽

Y Minaire ◽

A Géloën

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Octanoic Acid ◽

Control Level ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

Daily Energy Expenditure ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Daily Energy ◽

And Control

Abstract The objective of the present study was to test in vivo the metabolic effects of 3,5-di-iodothyronine (3,5-T2) in unanesthetized and unrestrained male Sprague–Dawley rats. Amino acid and lipid metabolisms were investigated by breath tests using as tracers the 13C-carboxyl-labeled molecules of leucine, α-ketoisocaproic acid (KIC) and octanoic acid, in four different groups of rats: hypothyroid animals (receiving propylthiouracil (PTU) and iopanoic acid), hypothyroid animals treated with either a daily i.p. injection of 3,5-T2 (25 μg/100 g body weight), or triiodothyronine (T3) (1 μg/100 g body weight), and control euthyroid animals receiving equivalent volumes of the vehicle solutions. Energy expenditure was measured by continuous monitoring of O2 consumption and CO2 production in these different groups. Daily energy expenditure was decreased by 30% in PTU-treated rats. The chronic treatments with 3,5-T2 and T3 restored daily energy expenditure to the control level. 13CO2 recovered in breath following the i.v. injection of octanoic acid-[1-13C] was decreased in hypothyroid animals compared with control animals (P<0·05) and restored to control values by T3 and 3,5-T2 treatments. The 13CO2 recovered in breath after i.v. injection of leucine-[1-13C]was increased in PTU-treated compared with control animals (P<0·05). Chronic treatment with either 3,5-T2 or T3 restored 13CO2 to control values. Excretion of 13CO2 recovered in breath following the i.v. injection of KIC-[1-13C] was increased in PTU-treated compared with control animals. Chronic treatments with either 3,5-T2 or T3 did not restore KIC decarboxylation. These results suggest that 3,5-T2 exerts metabolic effects on energy expendi ture, on both lipid β-oxidation and leucine metabolism in hypothyroid rats. We conclude that 3,5-T2 is a metabolically active iodothyronine. Journal of Endocrinology (1996) 149, 319–325

Download Full-text