Measuring heavy traffic with WIM-ROAD and WIM-BRIDGE systems in an urban environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten Soudijn ◽  
Sebastiaan van Rossum ◽  
Ane de Boer
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Strain Sensors ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
The Road ◽  
Weigh In Motion ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Calibration Program

<p>In this paper we present weight measurements of urban heavy traffic comparing two different Weigh In Motion (WIM) systems. One is a WIM-ROAD system using Lineas quartz pressure sensors in the road surface. The other is a WIM-BRIDGE system using optical fibre-based strain sensors which are applied under the bridge to the bottom fibre of a single span of the bridge deck. We have designed our tests to determine which system is most suited to Amsterdam. We put special focus on the accuracy that each system can achieve and have set up an extensive calibration program to determine this. Our ultimate goal is to draw up a realistic traffic load model for Amsterdam. This model would lead to a recommendation that can be used to re- examine the structural safety of existing historic bridges and quay walls, in addition to the current traffic load recommendations.</p>

Probabilistic evaluation of maximum dynamic traffic load effects on cable-supported bridges under actual heavy traffic loads

2020 ◽  
pp. 1748006X2093849
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Qinyong Wang ◽  
Naiwei Lu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Suspension Bridge ◽  
Traffic Monitoring ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Dynamic Traffic ◽  
Type Distribution ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridge ◽  
Weigh In Motion ◽  
Load Effects ◽  
Motion Measurements

The traffic load has grown significantly in recent years, which might be a threat for the service safety of existing bridges. Thus, it is an urgent task to assess the actual traffic load effects on bridges, considering actual heavy traffic load instead of design traffic load. This study presents a framework for extrapolating maximum dynamic traffic load effects on large bridges using site-specific traffic monitoring data. The framework involves vehicle–bridge interaction analysis and probabilistic modelling of extreme values. The weigh-in-motion measurements of a busy highway in China were collected for stochastic traffic load modelling. Case studies of two long-span cable-supported bridge based on the weigh-in-motion measurements were conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. It is demonstrated that Rice’s level-crossing approach can capture both dynamic and probabilistic characteristics of the traffic load effects. The root-mean-square displacement of the cable-stayed bridge follows a C-type distribution, and the one for the suspension bridge follows an M-type distribution, which is associated with the first-order mode shapes of the two types of bridges. The amplification factors for the cable-stayed bridge and the suspension bridge are 5.9% and 3.6%, respectively. The numerical analysis indicates that the dynamic effect for extrapolation is weaker with the increase in bridge span length, but the effect of traffic volume growth will be more significant.

scholarly journals Review on Conductive Polymer/CNTs Nanocomposites Based Flexible and Stretchable Strain and Pressure Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Olfa Kanoun ◽  
Ayda Bouhamed ◽  
Rajarajan Ramalingame ◽  
Jose Roberto Bautista-Quijano ◽  
Dhivakar Rajendran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Strain Sensors ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Sensor Properties ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Easy Integration ◽  
Review Current

In the last decade, significant developments of flexible and stretchable force sensors have been witnessed in order to satisfy the demand of several applications in robotic, prosthetics, wearables and structural health monitoring bringing decisive advantages due to their manifold customizability, easy integration and outstanding performance in terms of sensor properties and low-cost realization. In this paper, we review current advances in this field with a special focus on polymer/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) based sensors. Based on the electrical properties of polymer/CNTs nanocomposite, we explain underlying principles for pressure and strain sensors. We highlight the influence of the manufacturing processes on the achieved sensing properties and the manifold possibilities to realize sensors using different shapes, dimensions and measurement procedures. After an intensive review of the realized sensor performances in terms of sensitivity, stretchability, stability and durability, we describe perspectives and provide novel trends for future developments in this intriguing field.

scholarly journals B-WIM systems application on reinforced concrete bridge structural assessment and highway traffic characterization

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1338-1365
Author(s):  
P. JUNGES ◽  
R. C. A. PINTO ◽  
L. F. FADEL MIGUEL
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Dynamic Amplification Factor ◽  
Traffic Characterization ◽  
Weigh In Motion ◽  
Gross Vehicle Weight ◽  
Dynamic Amplification

Abstract The vehicles that travel on Brazilian highways have changed a lot in the last decades, with an increase in the traffic load and in the amount of trucks. This fact is not exclusive to our country, so much that in order to assess the structural safety of bridges, there was a great development in bridge weigh-in-motion systems (B-WIM) the last decade, especially in developed countries. Moses, in 1979, was the first one to introduce the B-WIM concept. This work presents the results of a B-WIM system applied on a bridge over the Lambari river, located at BR 153 in Uruaçu (Goiás). The weigh-in-motion technique used is based on Moses' Algorithm and uses influence lines obtained direct from traffic. Traffic characterization of that particular highway, as well as the effects introduced in the bridge structure and the experimental dynamic amplification factor are also discussed. At the end it is concluded that the system used is capable of detecting, with good precision, the axle spacing and the gross vehicle weight shows errors inferior to 3% when compared with the gross weight acquired with static scale.

Journeys on Screen

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Formal Property ◽  
Art Cinema ◽  
The Road ◽  
Formal Element ◽  
Contextual Element ◽  
Documentary Fiction ◽  
Self Discovery

This collection seeks to position the journey as a persistent presence across cinema, and fundamental to its position within modernity. It addresses the innovative appeal of journey narratives from pre-cinema to new media and through documentary, fiction, and the spaces between. Its examples traverse different regions and cultures, including a sub-section dedicated to Eastern Europe, to illuminate questions of belonging, diaspora, displacement, identity and memory. It considers how the journey is a formal element determining art cinema and popular genres such as sci-fi, romance and horror alike, with a special focus on rethinking the road movie. Through this variety, the collection investigates the journey as a motif for self-discovery and encounter, an emblem of artistic and social transformation, a cause of dynamism or stasis and as evidence of autonomy and progress (or their lack). The essays in it thus document epochal changes from urbanisation, migration and war to tourism and shopping, and all aim to address the diversity of cinematic journeys through developing methodological frameworks appropriate to an understanding of the journey as simultaneously a political question, contextual element and a formal property.

A Study on Job Satisfaction among Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation (TNSTC) Employees at Tiruvarur Branch

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 230-242
Author(s):  
M. Ganesan, K ◽  
K. Veerakumar ◽  
N. R Vembu ◽  
Dr. M. K Durgamani ◽  
Dr. Renuka
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Tamil Nadu State ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Labour Turnover

Job satisfaction is an important factor for employees working in formal and informal sector. The job is small or big, permanent or temporary, risky or non-risky, job satisfaction is important. It is the mental feeling which drives the employees to excel. Job satisfaction is a combination of psychological, physiological and environmental circumstances. A satisfied employee is a contented and happy human being. The labour turnover depends upon job satisfaction. Even highly paid employees quit the job when they are not satisfied with the job. Road transportation in Tamilnadu is growing day by day. Job stress in the road transportation is very high due to increase in number of vehicle playing on the road and heavy traffic. The drivers and conductors working in public transport corporation are suffering from high job stress. If drivers and conductors are not satisfied with their job which leads to mental stresses and affects the productivity and also creates accidents. In this present study the researchers made an attempt to study the level of job satisfaction among the drivers and conductors who are working in the Tamilnadu State Transport Corporation (TNSTC). The study reveals the expectations of drivers and conductors working in TNSTC with regards to the attributes like salary, promotion and fringe benefits etc., are satisfactory and not detrimental. 

scholarly journals Capacity in municipalities: Infrastructures, maintenance debts and ways of overcoming a run-to-failure mentality

2021 ◽  
pp. 026909422110304
Author(s):  
Jens Alm ◽  
Alexander Paulsson ◽  
Robert Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Road Networks ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
The Road ◽  
Technical Capacity ◽  
Multidimensional Concept ◽  
Sewage Systems ◽  
Road Segments

There is a growing maintenance debt of ageing and critical infrastructures in many municipalities in European welfare states. In this article, we use the multidimensional concept of local capacity as a point of departure to analyse how and in what ways Swedish municipalities work with the routine maintenance of infrastructures, including municipal road networks as well as water and sewage systems. For the road networks, maintenance is generally outsourced to contractors and there is also a large degree of tolerance for various standards on different road segments within and between the municipalities. Less used road segments are not as prioritised as those with heavy traffic. For the water and sewage systems, in-house technical capacity is needed as differences in water quality are not tolerated. Economies of scale mean that in-house capacity is translated into the creation of inter-municipal bodies. As different forms of capacities tend to reinforce each other, municipal capacity builds up over time in circular movements. These results add knowledge to current research by pointing to the ways municipalities are overcoming a run-to-failure mentality by building capacity to pay off the infrastructural maintenance debt.

scholarly journals Sustainable Streetscape and Built Environment Designs around BRT Stations: A Stated Choice Experiment Using 3D Visualizations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6594
Author(s):  
Ahmad Adeel ◽  
Bruno Notteboom ◽  
Ansar Yasar ◽  
Kris Scheerlinck ◽  
Jeroen Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Mass Transit ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Housing Projects ◽  
The Road ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Set Up

The incompatibility between the microscale-built environment designs around mass transit stations and stakeholders’ preferences causes dissatisfaction and inconvenience. The lack of a pedestrian-friendly environment, uncontrolled development patterns, traffic and parking issues make the street life vulnerable and unattractive for users, and affect the mass transit usage. How to design the streetscapes around mass transit stations to provide a user-friendly street environment is a crucial question to achieve sustainable transit-oriented development goals. To recognize the specific attributes of streetscape environment relevant in local context of BRT Lahore, this paper presents the results of a visual preference experiment in which nine attributes of built environment were systematically varied across choice sets. Multinomial logit models were set up to identify the preferences of three target groups: BRT users, commercial building users and residents at different locations. The research indicates that not only the road-related factors (bike lane and sidewalk widths, crossings facilities, street greenery) have a significant influence on people’s preference but also that building heights, and the typology of buildings and housing projects around BRT corridor have shaped these preferences. When planning and designing urban design projects around mass transit projects, these significant attributes should be considered.

Signal conditioning circuit for gel strain sensors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismael Payo ◽  
J. L. Polo ◽  
Blanca Lopez ◽  
Diana Serrano ◽  
Antonio M. Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Strain Sensors ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Electrode Impedance ◽  
Signal Conditioning ◽  
Resistance Change ◽  
Signal Conditioning Circuit ◽  
Conditioning Circuit ◽  
Electrical Resistance Change

Abstract Conductive Hydrogels are soft materials which have been used by some researchers as resistive strain sensors in the last years. The electrical resistance change, when the sensor is stretched or compressed, is usually measured by the two-electrode method. This method is not always suitable to measure the electrical resistance of polymers-based materials, like hydrogels, because it could be highly influenced by the electrode/sample interface, as explained in this study. For this reason, a signal conditioning circuit, based on four-electrode impedance measurements, is proposed to measure the electrical resistance change when the gel is stretched or compressed. Experimental results show that the tested gels can be used as resistance force/pressure sensors with a quite linear behaviour.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document