scholarly journals Iodine content development in raw cow’s milk in three regions of the Czech Republic between the years 2008 and 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-270
Author(s):  
Roman Konečný ◽  
Zuzana Křížová ◽  
Jan Hladký ◽  
Jitka Kautská ◽  
Lucie Hasoňová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Current State ◽  
Content Development ◽  
Raw Cow’S Milk

The study examines an analysis and evaluation of iodine content in raw cow’s milk in three regions of the Czech Republic between the years 2008 and 2018. Bulk milk samples were collected at dairy farms situated in South Bohemia, Central Bohemia, and the Vysočina Region. Iodine in milk was determined on the basis of alkaline ashing, using the spectrophotometric method according to Sandell-Kolthoff. The highest mean iodine content was measured in 2009 (485.5 ± 408.2 μg/l) and the lowest in 2016 (169.2 ± 71.7 μg/l). Since 2010 there has been a gradual decline of iodine concentration, from 479.5 ± 304.9 μg/l in 2010 to 231.2 ± 63.5 μg/l in 2018. A similar decreasing tendency was recorded in all the monitored regions. The percentage of samples containing iodine above 500 μg/l was on the decrease (37% in 2009; 0% in 2016–2018) and less than 80 μg/l (8% in 2009; 0% in 2017–2018). The current state corresponds to the requirements for iodine content in milk for human consumption. The study emphasizes the importance of continuous iodine content checks in milk and the related adjustments of iodine supplementation to the feeding rations of dairy cows.

scholarly journals Determination of Antibiotic Residues in Milk by Microbial Inhibitory Tests

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
D. Juščáková ◽  
I. Kožárová
Keyword(s):  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Antibiotic Residues ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Raw Cow’S Milk

AbstractUndesirable substances enter the organism of animals mostly via feed, water or veterinary medicines and their residues pass subsequently into the products of animal origin. In dairy cows, sheep and goats these residues are eliminated particularly in milk. Milk intended for human consumption must comply with safety criteria also with respect to residues of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to determine the presence or absence of antibiotic residues in the milk using the tests Milchtest and Premi®Test. While the Milchtest was developed for the determination of antibiotic residues in cow, sheep and goat milk, the Premi®Test is intended for the determination of antibiotic residues in meat juice, liver, kidneys, fish, eggs and in the urine of animals treated with antibiotics. As examined matrices, we used 45 samples of raw cow’s milk collected at 3 agricultural farms and 10 samples of milk offered to consumers at grocery stores. When using the Milchtest, 8 samples tested positive and 10 provided dubious results while testing with the Premi®Test showed that only 6 samples were positive for antibiotics. Comparison of the results confirmed a higher detection sensitivity of Milchtest reflected in higher numbers of positive samples and the detection of dubious results in samples of raw cow’s milk. However, it should be noted that even the Premi®Test, although not intended preferably for the determination of antibiotics in milk, can be used, if needed, for the preliminary screening of antibiotic residues in such a matrix.

Detection of enterotoxigenic genes inStaphylococcus aureusisolated from bulk tank cow’s milk samples in the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Šťástková ◽  
R. Karpíšková ◽  
T. Gelbíčová ◽  
V. Vaňáč ◽  
Š. Tůma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Tank

scholarly journals Microbiological quality of raw milk in the Czech Republic

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdanovičová Kateřina ◽  
Vyletělová-Klimešová Marcela ◽  
Babák Vladimír ◽  
Kalhotka Libor ◽  
Koláčková Ivana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Goat’S Milk ◽  
Goat's Milk ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

The microbiological and hygienic quality of cow’s, goat’s and sheep’s milk in the Czech Republic was evaluated. Milk (230 samples) was collected on 41 farms and investigated from May 2012 to October 2014. Milk was analysed for the presence of selected groups and types of bacteria: mesophilic microorganisms (total plate count – TPC), enterococci, Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., and Listeria monocytogenes. Besides these indicators and pathogenic agents, somatic cell count was determined as one of the indicators of mammary gland health in cows. TPC ranged between 8.3 × 10<sup>2 </sup>and 1.2 × 10<sup>9</sup> CFU/ml and somatic cells between 1.6 × 10<sup>4</sup> and 6.8 × 10<sup>6 </sup>cells/ml. The presence of E. coli was confirmed in 86.3% of samples and the colony counts ranged from 1.0 × 10<sup>1 </sup>to 4.0 × 10<sup>6 </sup>CFU/ml. The presence of verotoxigenic E. coli was confirmed in 3 samples (1.3%) (cow’s milk 0%; goat’s milk 6.3%; sheep’s milk 4.4%). The presence of S. aureus was confirmed in 29.1% of the samples (cow’s milk 26.9%; goat’s milk 34.4%; sheep’s milk 39.1%), but the numbers were very low (&lt; 5.0 × 10<sup>2</sup> CFU/ml). L. monocytogenes was confirmed in 3 examined samples (1.3%) (cow’s milk 0.6%; goat’s milk 3.1%; sheep’s milk 4.4%). Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. were not detected in any of the samples tested.

scholarly journals Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Cultured from Locally and Commercially Pasteurized Cow's Milk in the Czech Republic

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1210-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuhib Y. Ayele ◽  
Petra Svastova ◽  
Petr Roubal ◽  
Milan Bartos ◽  
Ivo Pavlik
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Fecal Culture ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Culture Positive

ABSTRACT Between November 2002 and April 2003, 244 bottles and cartons of commercially pasteurized cow's milk were obtained at random from retail outlets throughout the Czech Republic. During the same period, samples of raw milk and of milk that was subsequently subjected to a minimum of 71.7°C for 15 s in a local pasteurization unit were also obtained from two dairy herds, designated herds A and B, with low and high levels, respectively, of subclinical Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection, and from one herd, herd C, without infection. Infection in individual cows in each herd was tested by fecal culturing. Milk samples were brought to the Veterinary Research Institute in Brno, Czech Republic, processed, inoculated onto Herrold's egg yolk slants, and incubated for 32 weeks. Colonies were characterized by morphology, Ziehl-Neelsen staining, mycobactin J dependency, and IS900 PCR results. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis was cultured from 4 of 244 units (1.6%) of commercially pasteurized retail milk. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis was also cultured from 2 of 100 (2%) cartons of locally pasteurized milk derived from infected herds A and B and from 0 of 100 cartons of milk from uninfected herd C. Raw milk from 1 of 10 (10%) fecal culture-positive cows in herd A and from 13 of 66 (19.7%) fecal culture-positive cows in herd B was culture positive for M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. These findings confirm that M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis is present in raw milk from subclinically infected dairy cows. The culture of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the Czech Republic from retail milk that had been pasteurized locally or commercially to the required national and European Union standards is in agreement with similar research on milk destined for consumers in the United Kingdom and the United States and shows that humans are being exposed to this chronic enteric pathogen by this route.

scholarly journals Iodine content in goat and sheep milk related to herd size, seasonality, farming practice and breed effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-438
Author(s):  
Marcela Klimešová ◽  
Lenka Vorlová ◽  
Hana Zachovalová ◽  
Aleš Dufek ◽  
Ludmila Křížová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Sheep Milk ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Species Variability

Iodine is a milk micronutrient whose concentration is highly variable and depends on several factors. The aim of this work was to monitor the prevailing concentration of iodine in raw goat (n = 71) and sheep (n = 68) milk from farms in the Czech Republic, to assess the variation in iodine levels and evaluate them with farming practices, herd size, breed and season. Iodine was determined by a spectrophotometric method according to Sandell-Kolthoff. The mean prevailing iodine concentration in goat and sheep milk was 249.73 and 264.21 μg/L, respectively. In addition to inter-species variability, we found statistically significant differences depending on the both sheep and goat herd size. The differences between conventional and organic farming were relatively minor and without statistical significance.

Young Scholars Conference “Slavic World: Commonality and Diversity”. 21–22 May 2019. Session “Linguistics”

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 295-297
Author(s):  
Sergej A. Borisov
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
International Context ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

For more than twenty years, the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences celebrates the Day of Slavic Writing and Culture with a traditional scholarly conference.”. Since 2014, it has been held in the young scholars’ format. In 2019, participants from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan, Togliatti, Tyumen, Yekaterinburg, and Rostov-on-Don, as well as Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Romania continued this tradition. A wide range of problems related to the history of the Slavic peoples from the Middle Ages to the present time in the national, regional and international context were discussed again. Participants talked about the typology of Slavic languages and dialects, linguo-geography, socio- and ethnolinguistics, analyzed formation, development, current state, and prospects of Slavic literatures, etc.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Current Approach to Education of Security Issues at Selected Universities Preparing Future Pedagogues

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10684
Author(s):  
Stepan Kavan
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
Current State ◽  
New Knowledge

This paper deals with education in security issues. The aim of this work is to examine and evaluate the current approach to education of future educators in the field of security issues at selected universities in the Czech Republic. The primary method of research was a survey through questionnaires, where information was collected at selected universities. The evaluation is performed using SWOT analysis. The fragmentation and inconsistency of the approach of individual universities is evident from the results of the survey. New knowledge, which is based on the research, is the identification of the current state of training of future teachers in the field of security. The result of the survey is used by an expert group of the Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic as input information for the development of minimum standards for pedagogical universities.

scholarly journals ASPHER V4 Working Group supports the road map for professionalising the public health workforce

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Petrakova ◽  
R Otok ◽  
V Prikazsky ◽  
M Dlouhy ◽  
Z Prazanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Public Health Workforce ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Current State ◽  
Public Health Profession

Abstract Background The ASPHER V4 Working Group (WG) was established in 2016 and officially launched during the 9th European Public Health Conference in Vienna. One of the key objectives of the WG is to strengthen public health capacity development in V4 countries. The WG supports the implementation of the recently reviewed European Action Plan for Strengthening Public Health Capacities (EAP). The EAP’s review highlighted the need to focus further action on four enabling Essential Public Health Functions (EPHOs) including human resources for public health. This is why the WG is heavily involved in the recent development of a new Road map for professionalising the public health workforce, one of the products of the recently established Coalition of Partners (CoP) that was convened by the WHO Regional Office for Europe in close cooperation with ASPHER and Maastricht University. Objectives Supporting the WHO CoP with a focus on development and further implementation of a new Road map for professionalising public health workforce in V4 countries. Using a new rapid assessment tool to evaluate the state of the public health profession in the Czech Republic. Sharing the report on the current state of public health professions in the Czech Republic with the WG and using it as a comparison of the current state in all V4 countries. Results Key strengths and weaknesses of the first rapid assessment of the current state of the public health profession in the Czech Republic are presented. Key actions are proposed for the WG: a) Preparation of a grant proposal to the International V4 Fund and b) Continuing active involvement in CoP activities. Conclusions The rapid assessment tool for evaluating the state of the public health profession was successfully implemented in the Czech Republic with the close cooperation of academia, researchers, policy makers and practitioners. The summary confirms that further work on the professionalization of the public health workforce is needed. Key messages ASPHER V4 WG is strongly involved in the development of a new road map for professionalising the public health workforce, coordinated by the WHO CoP, ASPHER and Maastricht University. Summary of the first rapid assessment of the current state of the public health profession in the Czech Republic confirms the importance of further action in this area of work.

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