A survey of scuba diving-related injuries and outcomes among French recreational divers

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
David Monnot ◽  
◽  
Thierry Michot ◽  
Emmanuel Dugrenot ◽  
François Guerrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Recognition ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
Scuba Divers ◽  
Final Treatment ◽  
Severity Scores

Introduction: Few studies are available to appreciate the broad spectrum of dive-related injuries (DI), which are not limited to decompression illness (DCI) and fatalities. Studies supporting injury-management efficacy from early recognition to first-aid, final treatment and outcome are also lacking. This study aims at making an epidemiologic inventory of DI among French scuba divers. Methods: This online, retrospective, cross-sectional survey analyzed self-reported symptoms, context of occurrence, initial response and outcome. The relationships between symptoms and diver characteristics were assessed and severity scores created from the reports. Results: A total of 799 divers responded, of whose questionnaires 784 were sufficiently complete to be analyzed. Approximately one-third (35%) of respondents had never experienced a DI. DCI-like symptoms represent a small fraction of DIs, the most commonly reported being ear barotrauma. Self-reported symptom rates decreased with increasing age and male sex. The ranking dive leader was the primary care provider in 58% of reports and 32% of injured divers never sought help. Management decisions (first aid and/or hyperbaric oxygen treatment) were related to the severity score. Complete resolution was achieved in 84 (74%) of 114 DCI cases, whilst mild (n = 22, 19%) and severe (n = 8, 7%) residual symptoms were reported. One in 10 divers who did not seek treatment for symptoms believed to be related to DCI declared some residual symptoms. Conclusion: Based on these results, diving injury rates may be higher than previously reported. However, the most frequent symptoms appear to be of only a modest nature.

scholarly journals Assessment of awareness of oral cancer among nursing students at BPKIHS, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Shashi Keshwar ◽  
Deependra Prasad Sarraf ◽  
Ashish Shrestha ◽  
Basant Kumar Karn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Cancer Screening ◽  
College Of Nursing

Background: Early recognition of oral cancer is essential for higher cure rate and better prog­nosis. Nurses can play a significant role in the early diagnosis of cancers. The study aimed to assess the awareness of oral cancer among nursing students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Bachelor of Nursing Students at College of Nursing, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the sociodemographic data and awareness of cancer. Descriptive statistics were calculated using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0. Results: Out of 116, 89 (76.7%) students were of age 21-25 years. One hundred and twelve stu­dents (96.6%) were aware that various form of tobacco increases risk of oral cancer; however, only 55 (47.4%) students knew alcohol drinking as a risk factor. Only 29 (25.0%) students were aware of loose-fitting denture as a risk factor for oral cancer. Ninety-six (82.8%) students knew white or red patch as possible signs of oral cancer; however, only six (5.2%) students were aware of the most common site of oral cancer. Only 16 (13.8%) students considered that they are adequately trained to screen oral cancer. One hundred and fifteen (99.1%) students demanded more education on oral cancer. Conclusions: This study revealed that nursing students’ awareness of risk factors and the impor­tance of screening of oral cancer is suboptimal. It highlights a need for basic education on oral can­cer to make them more aware and further competent toward oral cancer screening and referral.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitudes among preschools staff in Shanghai, China, regarding epilepsy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyan Qiu ◽  
Lixiao Shen ◽  
Junli Wang ◽  
Fang Ren ◽  
Mingyu Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Keywords Epilepsy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Preschool Staff

Abstract Background Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological problems among children. The aim of this survey was to assess the knowledge and attitude among preschool staff in Shanghai regarding epilepsy. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out among the staff at selected preschools. A stratified random sampling method was first used to identify suitable subjects. Data were obtained using a self-completed questionnaire. A standardized collection of demographic information was performed, and participants were given a questionnaire about their knowledge and attitudes regarding epilepsy. Results A total of 1069 subjects completed the questionnaire. In this survey, 387 (36.2%) staff members had previously participated in related training. Overall, the subjects lacked knowledge regarding first aid for seizures. Only 17.6% of teachers knew how to provide appropriate first aid for seizures. Correct responses regarding first aid for seizures, such as laying the person on his or her side (24.9%), moving harmful objects out of the way (20.7%), protecting the head (36.1%), waiting until the seizure ends (7.9%), and dialing the emergency number (40.1%), were low. The staff members had different attitudes towards children with epilepsy: most had a positive attitude, but some had a negative attitude. Conclusions The level of first-aid knowledge among preschool staff in Shanghai relevant to epilepsy was low. There is an urgent need to educate staff about epilepsy and appropriate first-aid practices for seizures. Keywords : Epilepsy; Preschool staff; First-aid knowledge; Attitudes; Training

scholarly journals Current Status and Associated Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among the Chinese Residents During the Period of Low Transmission of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Shen ◽  
Shijiao Yan ◽  
Hui Cao ◽  
Jing Feng ◽  
Zihui Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Western China ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Transmission

Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has contributed to depression and anxiety among the general population in China. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of these psychological problems among Chinese adults during the period of low transmission, which could reflect the long-term depression and anxiety of the COVID-19 outbreak.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in China from 4 to 26 February 2021. Convenient sampling strategy was adopted to recruit participators. Participants were asked to filled out the questions that assessed questionnaire on the residents’ depression and anxiety.Results: A total of 2,361 residents filled out the questionnaire. The mean age was 29.72 years (SD = 6.94) and majority of respondents were female (60.10%). Among the respondents, 421 (17.83%), 1470 (62.26%), and 470 (19.91%) were from eastern, central, and western China, respectively. 1704 (72.17%) consented COVID-19 information has been disclosed timely. 142 (6.01%) and 130 (5.51%) patients suffered from depression and anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, some influencing factors were found, including marital status, place of residence, employment status.Conclusion: This study revealed that anxiety and depression still are potential depression and anxiety for some residents, which suggested early recognition and initiation of interventions during the period of low transmission is still indispensable.

scholarly journals Good Samaritan Law and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Cross-sectional study of 1223 first-aid learners in Hong Kong

2019 ◽  
pp. 102490791987092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin KC Hung ◽  
CY Leung ◽  
Axel Siu ◽  
Colin A Graham
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Samaritan ◽  
Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Background: Similar to many Asian cities, there is no statutory provision for the determination of the duty borne by bystander first aiders when assisting victims in Hong Kong. Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the views of a Good Samaritan Law by first-aid learners in Hong Kong. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among first-aid course participants from the two largest training providers in Hong Kong using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: In total, 1223 questionnaires were completed and returned. Only 12.1% (147/1211) of participants have ever heard of Good Samaritan Law. After a short description of Good Samaritan Law was provided, 71.4% (848/1188) agreed or strongly agreed on a Likert-type scale that a Good Samaritan Law is necessary; 95.2% (1148/1223) support the enactment of a Good Samaritan Law in Hong Kong. Conclusion: The majority of first-aid learners in Hong Kong supported the enactment of Good Samaritan Law. Overcoming the fear of litigation and improving bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate is a priority for improving survival rates from sudden cardiac arrest in Hong Kong.

scholarly journals Injury-Related Behavioral Variables in Alpine Skiers, Snowboarders, and Ski Tourers—A Matched and Enlarged Re-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 3807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Niedermeier ◽  
Gerhard Ruedl ◽  
Martin Burtscher ◽  
Martin Kopp
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
The Past ◽  
Winter Sport ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Alpine Skiers

Behavioral variables might play an important role in explaining the differences in injury rates across winter sport disciplines and injury prevention programs might be more specifically designed based on this knowledge. On ski slopes, alpine skiing, snowboarding, and ski touring are the predominant winter sport disciplines. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate possible differences in injury-related behavioral variables between practitioners of these disciplines. Using a matched re-analysis approach of a cross-sectional survey, 414 winter sport participants (alpine skiers, snowboarders, ski tourers, each n = 138) were analyzed on the differences in sensation seeking, treated injuries, and injury-related behavioral variables. Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel and Friedman tests revealed significantly higher sensation seeking, p < 0.001, and a significantly higher percentage of participants reporting to have consumed alcohol in the past five skiing days, p = 0.006, in snowboarders compared to alpine skiers. The participants with treated injuries showed higher sensation seeking, p < 0.050, and a higher percentage of snowboarders, p = 0.020, compared to participants without treated injuries. Injury prevention programs for snowboarders, who remain an important risk group for injury prevention, might benefit from considering a possibly higher percentage of alcohol-consuming participants and from providing information on injury-related risks of sensation seeking.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Behaviours on Malaria Prevention in Zambezia Province, Mozambique

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana da Fonseca ◽  
Jorge Harrison Arroz ◽  
Maria do Rosario O. Martins ◽  
Zulmira Hartz ◽  
Nuria W Negrao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Malaria Prevention ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Bed Net ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevention Messages

Abstract Background: In Mozambique, the socio-economic and cultural factors influence the wide adoption of disease preventive measures, which is relevant for malaria control strategies that rely on early recognition of disease, prompt seeking of medical care, sleeping under mosquito nets, and taking intermittent preventive treatment for pregnant women. However, there is a critical information gap regarding to previous and ongoing malaria Social Behaviour Communication (SBC) interventions. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and behaviours of the beneficiaries of SBC interventions. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was undertaken in 2018 in two rural districts of Zambezia province, Mozambique. A structured questionnaire was administered to 773 randomly selected households. Respondents are the heads of the households, adults above 18 years old. Descriptive statistics were done.Results: The main results show that around 96.4 % respondents recalled hearing about malaria in the previous 6 months and 90.0% had knowledge on malaria prevention and 70.0% on preventive measures ; from 97.7% respondents that received bed nets through the mass bed net distribution campaign, 81.7% slept under a bed net the night before the survey; 70.5 % recognized the role of community volunteers in the dissemination of malaria prevention messages; 76.1 % of respondents considered worship places (churches and mosques) to be the main places where they heard key messages on malaria prevention and 79.1 % asserted that community dialogue sessions helped them better understand how to prevent malaria.Conclusions: Results show that the volunteers/activists/teachers have played an important role in the dissemination of key malaria prevention messages which brought the following successes: community actors are recognized and people have knowledge on malaria transmission, signs and symptoms, preventive measures, and where to get treatment. There is room for improvement on the SBC messaging regarding some malaria symptoms (anaemia and convulsions); and operational research is needed to ascertain the drivers of malaria prevalence and social and behaviour communication approach.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Awareness and Attitude Related to First Aid among Iium Kuantan Campus Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaiyah Jamaludin @ Thandar Soe ◽  
Muhammad Allif Bin Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
P Value ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Aid Training ◽  
Students First

Introduction: Accidental injuries are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Approximately 1.25 million lives are cut short because of road traffic accident every year. As the incidences of emergencies is steadily increasing in recent years, it is important to ensure that individuals are adequately trained to deal with such events including university students. First aid is given to preserve life and minimize the consequences of injury and illness until help is obtained from health care practitioners. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, awareness and attitude related to first aid among IIUM Kuantan campus students. Materials and method: A quantitative cross-sectional survey with stratified random sampling was conducted among 348 IIUM Kuantan undergraduate students who met the study inclusion criteria. Data were collected by using the self-administered questionnaire which was adapted from Hong Kong Red Cross. Results: A total of 316 participants had positive awareness and attitude towards first aid knowledge. Nevertheless, 149 participants had moderate level of first aid knowledge. There were significant associations (p value of 0.05) between gender, faculty, year of study, and first aid training experience and their level of first aid knowledge. However, 55.4% of study participants did not have experience in taking first aid course and they have little knowledge on first aid. Conclusion: Although the majority of participants had positive awareness and attitude towards first aid, their knowledge and experience in taking first aid course were unsatisfactory. Therefore, there is a need of proper and regular educational programs to raise awareness in the student community about the importance of first aid.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of injuries at the Australian 24 hour mountain bike championships

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Taylor ◽  
Jamie Ranse
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Care ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Mountain Bike ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Retrospective Audit ◽  
Minor Injuries ◽  
Location Type

Introduction To describe injury type and frequency, and the factors influencing these, in endurance mountain bike riders. Methods This study used a cross-sectional retrospective audit of patient report forms, prospective meteorological information and race data over an eight-year period. The Australian twenty-four hour mountain bike championships is held annually in Canberra, Australia. All riders who presented to a first aid station for treatment during the race from 2000-2007, were included. Studied factors influencing injury were race time, ambient temperature and rider gender. Studied outcome measures were injury frequency, location, type and management. Results Of the 14,777 riders over the eight years, 596 required first aid treatment for injuries (4.03%), the majority for minor injuries to extremities. Only 0.25% of riders were referred to hospital, 0.06% by ambulance. The injury incidence was 8.4/1000 bike hours with a race-ending presentation (a patient referred to hospital) incidence of 0.5/1000 bike hours. Patient presentation rates were highest in the first eight hours of a race. Higher average temperatures per year were associated with a greater risk of injury. Females were more likely to be injured. Conclusion This mountain bike competition was safe with minor injuries to extremities predominating and low referral rates to hospital. Higher injury rates should be anticipated in hotter weather and during the first third of the race. The first aid service organisation provided adequate clinical care at this event.

scholarly journals An international comparison of pool lifeguard requirements and qualifications

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Demant ◽  
A Peden ◽  
W Lam
Keyword(s):  
First Aid ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Further Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
Analytical Skills ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background Drowning is one of the leading causes of the global burden of morbidity and injury-related deaths. In highly industrialised countries, death and injuries from drowning are commonly associated with recreational activities and disproportionately affect minors. In aquatic facilities, drowning is often the result of risky behaviours and management issues. Pool lifeguards are an important factor in lowering the drowning burden. However, research on lifeguard training and formal requirements is scarce. Methods The aim of this study was to review official and unofficial (training) requirements for pool lifeguards in 24 high-income countries. Information was extracted from (1) legislative databases, (2) publicly available information from governmental and non-governmental organisations as well as a (3) cross-sectional survey on training and employment practices sent out to specialist organisations and aquatic facilities. Results All jurisdictions had a minimum standard for physical fitness, swimming ability, eligible minimum age, and further training and qualification requirements. However, the depth and length of further training differed drastically between jurisdictions and many of these standards were 'de-facto' industry standards rather than legislated. Only some jurisdictions had regulations regarding visual and hearing impairments (n = 13) or infectious and chronic conditions (n = 13). Only three jurisdictions had a character requirement. Conclusions Pool lifeguards are an important factor in preventing injury and death from drowning and require a high-level of physical endurance, first aid and rescue knowledge as well as analytical skills to be effective. A stronger legislated regulation of pool lifeguard requirements may be effective in reducing risk of drowning. Key messages Pool lifeguards are an important factor in preventing injury and death from drowning and require high-level physical endurance, first aid/rescue knowledge as well as analytical skills to be effective. A stronger legislated regulation of pool lifeguard requirements may be effective in reducing risk of drowning.

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