Epidemiology of injuries at the Australian 24 hour mountain bike championships

Introduction To describe injury type and frequency, and the factors influencing these, in endurance mountain bike riders. Methods This study used a cross-sectional retrospective audit of patient report forms, prospective meteorological information and race data over an eight-year period. The Australian twenty-four hour mountain bike championships is held annually in Canberra, Australia. All riders who presented to a first aid station for treatment during the race from 2000-2007, were included. Studied factors influencing injury were race time, ambient temperature and rider gender. Studied outcome measures were injury frequency, location, type and management. Results Of the 14,777 riders over the eight years, 596 required first aid treatment for injuries (4.03%), the majority for minor injuries to extremities. Only 0.25% of riders were referred to hospital, 0.06% by ambulance. The injury incidence was 8.4/1000 bike hours with a race-ending presentation (a patient referred to hospital) incidence of 0.5/1000 bike hours. Patient presentation rates were highest in the first eight hours of a race. Higher average temperatures per year were associated with a greater risk of injury. Females were more likely to be injured. Conclusion This mountain bike competition was safe with minor injuries to extremities predominating and low referral rates to hospital. Higher injury rates should be anticipated in hotter weather and during the first third of the race. The first aid service organisation provided adequate clinical care at this event.

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A survey of scuba diving-related injuries and outcomes among French recreational divers

Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal ◽

10.28920/dhm49.1.96-106 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 96-106

Author(s):

David Monnot ◽

◽

Thierry Michot ◽

Emmanuel Dugrenot ◽

François Guerrero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Recognition ◽

Initial Response ◽

First Aid ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Injury Rates ◽

Residual Symptoms ◽

Scuba Divers ◽

Final Treatment ◽

Severity Scores

Introduction: Few studies are available to appreciate the broad spectrum of dive-related injuries (DI), which are not limited to decompression illness (DCI) and fatalities. Studies supporting injury-management efficacy from early recognition to first-aid, final treatment and outcome are also lacking. This study aims at making an epidemiologic inventory of DI among French scuba divers. Methods: This online, retrospective, cross-sectional survey analyzed self-reported symptoms, context of occurrence, initial response and outcome. The relationships between symptoms and diver characteristics were assessed and severity scores created from the reports. Results: A total of 799 divers responded, of whose questionnaires 784 were sufficiently complete to be analyzed. Approximately one-third (35%) of respondents had never experienced a DI. DCI-like symptoms represent a small fraction of DIs, the most commonly reported being ear barotrauma. Self-reported symptom rates decreased with increasing age and male sex. The ranking dive leader was the primary care provider in 58% of reports and 32% of injured divers never sought help. Management decisions (first aid and/or hyperbaric oxygen treatment) were related to the severity score. Complete resolution was achieved in 84 (74%) of 114 DCI cases, whilst mild (n = 22, 19%) and severe (n = 8, 7%) residual symptoms were reported. One in 10 divers who did not seek treatment for symptoms believed to be related to DCI declared some residual symptoms. Conclusion: Based on these results, diving injury rates may be higher than previously reported. However, the most frequent symptoms appear to be of only a modest nature.

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Breaking the myths of competition: a cross-sectional analysis of injuries among CrossFit trained participants

BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine ◽

10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000750 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. e000750 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuri Feito ◽

Evanette Burrows ◽

Loni Tabb ◽

Kerri-Anne Ciesielka

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Injury Rate ◽

Injury Incidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Injury Rates ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional Analysis ◽

Risk Of Injury ◽

Crossfit Training ◽

Sectional Analysis

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the injury rates of individuals engaged in CrossFit training and examine the risk of injury associated with competition.Study designCross-sectional analysis.MethodsDescriptive statistics, including injury incidence and rates, were examined for individuals reporting participation in a CrossFit sanctioned competition between 2013 and 2017. To examine the odds of being injured, we considered logistic regression models, where the primary independent measure was participation length—individual measures of interest included age, sex, body mass index, CrossFit affiliation and competition status.Results3049 individuals completed the survey (60% completion rate). All competitors, regardless of competition level, had similar incidence of injury (χ2=1.1, p=0.571). For those who reported competing, our calculated injury rate was 0.21–0.54 injuries per 1000 training hours, while for those not competing, the injury rate was calculated as 0.39–1.30 injuries per 1000 training hours. Logistic regression demonstrated short length of participation in CrossFit training as the main factor associated with the odds of being injured (OR=1.82; 95% CI: 1.15 to 2.92). Additionally, training at an official CrossFit affiliate appeared to have a protective effect from injury (OR=0.85; 95% CI: 0.65, 1.10).ConclusionOur findings provide evidence of the low risk of injury related to these events. Moreover, these findings support the notion that musculoskeletal injuries may be the result of poor progression plans, which may be minimised by participating in an official CrossFit affiliate.

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External Validity of SCORS-G Ratings of Thematic Apperception Test Narratives in a Sample of Outpatients and Inpatients

Rorschachiana Journal of the International Society for the Rorschach ◽

10.1027/1192-5604/a000057 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 58-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Michelle B. Stein ◽

Jenelle Slavin-Mulford ◽

Caleb J. Siefert ◽

Samuel Justin Sinclair ◽

Michaela Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Events ◽

Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Thematic Apperception Test ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Conduct Disordered ◽

Global Ratings ◽

Thematic Apperception ◽

History Of

Abstract. The Social Cognition and Object Relations Scale-Global Ratings Method (SCORS-G; Stein, Hilsenroth, Slavin-Mulford, & Pinsker-Aspen, 2011 ) is a reliable system for coding narrative data, such as Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) stories. This study employs a cross-sectional, correlational design to examine associations between SCORS-G dimensions and life events in two clinical samples. Samples were composed of 177 outpatients and 57 inpatients who completed TAT protocols as part of routine clinical care. Two experienced raters coded narratives with the SCORS-G. Data on the following clinically relevant life events were collected: history of psychiatric hospitalization, suicidality, self-harming behavior, drug/alcohol abuse, conduct-disordered behavior, trauma, and education level. As expected, the clinical life event variable associated with the largest number of SCORS-G dimensions was Suicidality. Identity and Coherence of Self was related to self-harm history across samples. Emotional Investment in Relationships and Complexity of Representations were also associated with several life events. Clinical applications, limitations of the study, and future directions are reviewed.

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ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE OF FIRST AID, AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS, AMONG KINDERGARTEN TEACHERS

Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.32553/jbpr.v7i5.554 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Amsalu Birara Melese ◽

Alemtsehay Alemu Tesema ◽

Amare Simegn

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

First Aid ◽

Kindergarten Teachers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Knowledge Question ◽

First Aid Training ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice ◽

Structured Questionnaire ◽

Good Attitude

Abstract Background: Injuries are very common now a day and can occur at any point of time in a day to day life. Among them, injuries in school children rank a major part. The objective of this research to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice towards first aid and factors associated among kindergarten teachers. Methods: Institutions based cross-sectional quantitative study design was employed. The study was conducted in Bahir dar town, Amhara region, Ethiopia from March to May 2017. A Pre-tested and structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the separate and confounding effect for variables. Result: A total of 173 respondents were interviewed with a response rate of 93%. From the total respondents 97 (56.1%) scored above mean for knowledge question, In particular, subjects lacked knowledge regarding first aid for Human/animal bite (60.1%) was not answered correctly. Regarding practice out of all respondents, 128(74%) had faced the child in need of first aid. About attitude, all respondents (100%) felt good attitude towards giving and learning first aid. Service year (AOR=8.6, 95%CI0.035-0.399) and previous first aid training (AOR=2.5, 95%CI 1.138-5.570) were found to have a significant association with knowledge of first aid. Conclusion: The knowledge of kindergarten teachers towards first aid were found to be low while they have the good attitude towards giving first aid and receiving training on first aid. It remains necessary to increase their actual first aid knowledge and skills.

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Factors Influencing the Adoption of Electronic Information Resources among Postgraduate Students in Nigerian Universities

Mousaion ◽

10.25159/2663-659x/7590 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Kehinde Abayomi Owolabi ◽

Basirat.Olubukola Diyaolu ◽

Nurudeen Adeniyi Aderibigbe ◽

Mudasiru A Yusuf

Keyword(s):

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Digital Libraries ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Information Resources ◽

Behavioural Intention ◽

Electronic Information ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Postgraduate Students ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Electronic Information Resources

The advent of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has revolutionised how library resources are made and transmitted to end-users. It has effectively improved the standard of education and research in tertiary institutions worldwide by providing various essential resources, including e-books, journals and databases. However, it has been observed that students still abstain from making the best usage of the digital library, instead using search engines rather than institutional digital libraries. This study investigated the factors influencing the behavioural intention of postgraduate (PG) students to use electronic information resources (EIRs). The Unified Theory of Acceptance of Technology (UTAUT) model was adopted. A cross-sectional research design was used to assess the factors influencing the use of EIRs. A sample of 362 PG students was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation approach. Data were collected from participants via the administration of 400 copies of the questionnaire. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and the Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modelling (CB-SEM) were used to analyse data collected. The findings revealed that performance expectancy (PE) and effort expectancy (EE) were the two constructs that influenced PG students’ behavioural intention to use EIRs. In contrast, social influence (SI) and facilitating condition (FC) did not change the PG students’ behavioural plan to use EIRs. The study recommended the need for adequate training for postgraduate (PG) students on the obligation to accept and use EIRs.

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FIRST AID AND TREATMENT FOR CHILDREN ACCIDENT INJURY IN BUON MA THUOT CITY, DAK LAK PROVINCE 2014

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2017.3.10 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 69-74

Author(s):

Van Hung Nguyen ◽

Van Thang Vo

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Intervention Program ◽

First Aid ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Care Facilities ◽

Health Staff ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Facilities ◽

Accident Injuries ◽

Accident Injury

Background: Accident injuries caused has been serious heatlth problem in developing coutries. Children is vulnerable group with accident injury beucase of lacking knowlegde and exposing with risk factors in eviromental household. The treatment outcome for accident injury of children usually has more serious than other groups. The aims of this study to describle some characteristics of first aid and the outcome of treatment for children accident in Buon Ma Thuot, Dak Lak provice in 2014. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted total 2,273 household which was 4,505 children aged under 16 in 8 communes, Buon Ma Thuot city, Daklak province. Interview technique with structural questionnaire and household observation methods were used for data collection. Results: The propotion of first aid was 75.9%; not received any first aid (23.8%); mortality at accident place (0.3%). At the time accident: The highest personal involving first aid was pedestrians 54.1%; 25% of health staff, self- first aid was 14.5%. Two main of first aid methods were hemostasis and bandeged with 45.5%; 28% respectiviely. After first aid, there was 80% delivering to health care facilities. The transport methods were motocycle (91.8%), car (5.6%) and ambulance (0.4%). The rate of approach health care facilities around early 6 hours were 86.7%. The characteristics of damages: sub-damages (scratches, dislocations, sprains...) were 36.9 %, deep damages (fractures, open wounds) accounted for 44.6%. Inpatient treatment was 23.9%; 91.5% medical therapy, surgery of 8.2%. The outcome of treatment were good (97.2%), sequelae/disability 2.6%. Conclusion: First aid activities for children at time and properly right were demonstrated effectively for prevented seriously outcome. There should be an intervention program for children with the appropriate models to reduce accident injuries in children; improvement first aid to communities and health care worker. Key words: accident injury, first aid, capacity first care, children under 16 years old

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Injury incidence and characteristics for elite, male, artistic USA gymnastics competitions from 2008 to 2018

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2019-101297 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. bjsports-2019-101297

Author(s):

David William Kruse ◽

Andrew Seiji Nobe ◽

John Billimek

Keyword(s):

Athletic Trainers ◽

Common Type ◽

Injury Incidence ◽

Muscle Strain ◽

Time Loss ◽

Certified Athletic Trainers ◽

Injury Site ◽

The Usa ◽

Location Type ◽

Type Of Injury

ObjectivesTo determine the injury incidence and characteristics for elite, male, artistic USA gymnasts during gymnastics competitions, held in the USA, from 2008 to 2018.MethodsInjury documentation performed by lead physician and certified athletic trainers at elite junior and senior USA Gymnastics competitions from 2008 to 2018 were reviewed and compiled into an excel database. Injury incidence was computed per 1000 registered gymnasts by competition setting as well as injury location, type, cause, severity, and setting.ResultsFrom 2008 to 2018, 180 injuries were reported in a total of 2102 gymnasts with injury incidence of 85.6 per 1000 gymnasts (95% CI 73.4 to 97.8). The most common injury site was at the ankle (16.7 per 1000 gymnasts, 95% CI 10.9 to 22.4), and muscle strain/rupture/tear was the most common type of injury (28.5 per 1000 gymnasts, 95% CI 21.2 to 35.9). The most common cause was contact with surface (56.1 per 1000 gymnasts, 95% CI 46.1 to 66.2), and the event where most injuries were sustained was the vault (21.9 per 1000 gymnasts, 95% CI 15.4 to 28.4). Incidence of time loss injuries was 38.5 per 1000 gymnasts (95% CI 30.1 to 47.0). Injury incidence was higher during competition (58.5 per 1000 gymnasts, 95% CI 48.2 to 68.8) than during training (27.1 per 1000 RG, 95% CI 19.9 to 34.3; RR 2.16, 95% CI 1.59 to 2.94, p<0.001); injury incidence was greater at Olympic Trials (RR 3.23, 95% CI 1.24 to 8.47, p=0.017) than at National Qualifier meets. We report concussion incidence in gymnastics (5.7 per 1000 gymnasts, 95% CI 2.3 to 9.2).ConclusionsThis is the largest injury study to date for male artistic gymnasts (180 injuries, 2102 gymnasts, 11 years).

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Effect of ACTN3 R577X Genotype on Injury Epidemiology in Elite Endurance Runners

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12010076 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 76

Author(s):

Jorge Gutiérrez-Hellín ◽

Gabriel Baltazar-Martins ◽

Millán Aguilar-Navarro ◽

Carlos Ruiz-Moreno ◽

Jesús Oliván ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Injury Rate ◽

Endurance Athletes ◽

Injury Incidence ◽

Muscle Injuries ◽

Muscle Type ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Injury Epidemiology ◽

Endurance Runners ◽

Type Of Injury ◽

Genotype A

The p.R577X polymorphism (rs1815739) in the ACTN3 gene causes individuals with the ACTN3 XX genotype to be deficient in functional α-actinin-3. Previous investigations have found that XX athletes are more prone to suffer non-contact muscle injuries. This investigation aimed to determine the influence of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism in the injury epidemiology of elite endurance athletes. Using a cross-sectional experiment, the epidemiology of running-related injuries was recorded for one season in a group of 89 Spanish elite endurance runners. ACTN3 R577X genotype was obtained for each athlete using genomic DNA samples. From the study sample, 42.7% of athletes had the RR genotype, 39.3% had the RX genotype, and 18.0% had the XX genotype. A total of 96 injuries were recorded in 57 athletes. Injury incidence was higher in RR runners (3.2 injuries/1000 h of running) than in RX (2.0 injuries/1000 h) and XX (2.2 injuries/1000 h; p = 0.030) runners. RR runners had a higher proportion of injuries located in the Achilles tendon, RX runners had a higher proportion of injuries located in the knee, and XX runners had a higher proportion of injuries located in the groin (p = 0.025). The ACTN3 genotype did not affect the mode of onset, the severity, or the type of injury. The ACTN3 genotype slightly affected the injury epidemiology of elite endurance athletes with a higher injury rate in RR athletes and differences in injury location. However, elite ACTN3 XX endurance runners were not more prone to muscle-type injuries.

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The measurement performance of the EQ-5D-5L versus EQ-5D-3L in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa

Quality of Life Research ◽

10.1007/s11136-020-02732-x ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alex Bató ◽

Valentin Brodszky ◽

L. Hunor Gergely ◽

Krisztián Gáspár ◽

Norbert Wikonkál ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Convergent Validity ◽

Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Life Quality ◽

Measurement Properties ◽

Economic Evaluations ◽

Health State ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Purpose Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects up to 1% of the population in Europe. The EQ-5D is the most commonly used generic instrument for measuring health-related quality of life among HS patients. This study aims to compare the measurement properties of the two adult versions of EQ-5D (EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L) in patients with HS. Methods We recruited 200 consecutive patients with HS (mean age 37 years, 38% severe or very severe HS) to participate in a multicentre cross-sectional survey. Patients completed the EQ-5D-3L, EQ-5D-5L, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Skindex-16 questionnaires. Results More than twice as many different health state profiles occurred in the EQ-5D-5L compared to the EQ-5D-3L (101 vs. 43). A significant reduction in ceiling effect was found for the mobility, self-care and usual activities dimensions. A good agreement was established between the EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.872 (95% CI 0.830–0.903; p < 0.001) that was confirmed by a Bland-Altman plot. EQ-5D-5L improved both the absolute and relative informativity in all dimensions except for anxiety/depression. EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L demonstrated similar convergent validity with DLQI and Skindex-16. EQ-5D-5L was able to better discriminate between known groups of patients based on the number of comorbidities and disease severity (HS-Physician's Global Assessment). Conclusion In patients with HS, the EQ-5D-5L outperformed the EQ-5D-3L in feasibility, ceiling effects, informativity and known-groups validity for many important clinical characteristics. We recommend using the EQ-5D-5L in HS patients across various settings, including clinical care, research and economic evaluations.

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