Methodology for criteria-based assessment of energy efficiency of main pipeline pumps

2021 ◽  
pp. 304-309
Author(s):  
Егор Андреевич Рябцев
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Acceptance Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Unit Process ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Operating Range ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Pumping Unit ◽  
Working Point

В настоящее время об энергоэффективности насосного агрегата судят на основании результатов приемо-сдаточных испытаний - по значению КПД в номинальной рабочей точке. Опыт эксплуатации насосов на объектах нефтепроводного транспорта показывает, что реальная рабочая точка насоса отличается от номинальной. Данное расхождение объясняется вариативностью режимов работы насосных установок. В этой связи предлагается оценивать энергоэффективность насоса по результатам испытаний исходя из реальных условий функционирования насосного оборудования - в рабочем диапазоне, необходимом для перекачки нефти (нефтепродуктов) с учетом изменения потребной подачи и напора гидросистемы. Существующие методики оценки энергоэффективности насосов в рабочем диапазоне имеют ограничения для применения на объектах магистральных нефтепроводов. В настоящей работе предлагается использовать с этой целью критериальную оценку по характерным точкам в диапазоне подач. Сформулированы основные положения разработанной методики. Сделан вывод о том, что ее применение при приемо-сдаточных испытаниях позволит улучшить качество оборудования, поставляемого на производственные объекты, а следовательно, энергоэффективность НПС. Currently, energy efficiency of a pumping unit is assessed based on the acceptance test results according to the efficiency value at the nominal working point. The experience of operating pumps at oil pipeline transportation facilities shows that the actual working point of the pump differs from the nominal one. This discrepancy is explained by the variability of the pumping unit process modes. In this connection, it is proposed to evaluate pump’s energy efficiency based on the test results under the actual operating conditions of the pumping equipment, in the operating range required for pumping oil (petroleum products), taking into account the change in the required supply and hydraulic system pressure. The existing methods for assessing energy efficiency of pumps in the operating range have limitations for use at main oil pipeline facilities. This study proposes to use a criteria-based assessment using characteristic points in the supply range for this purpose. The basic principles of the developed method are formulated. It is concluded that its application during the acceptance tests will improve the quality of equipment supplied to production facilities, and hence the PS energy efficiency.

Experimental Validation of a Wide-Range Centrifugal Compressor Stage for Supercritical CO2 Power Cycles

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy C. Allison ◽  
Natalie R. Smith ◽  
Robert Pelton ◽  
Jason C. Wilkes ◽  
Sewoong Jung
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Compressor Stage ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Casing Treatment ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor Stage ◽  
Operating Range ◽  
Wide Range

Successful implementation of sCO2 power cycles requires high compressor efficiency at both the design-point and over a wide operating range in order to maximize cycle power output and maintain stable operation over a wide range of transient and part-load operating conditions. This requirement is particularly true for air-cooled cycles where compressor inlet density is a strong function of inlet temperature that is subject to daily and seasonal variations as well as transient events. In order to meet these requirements, a novel centrifugal compressor stage design was developed that incorporates multiple novel range extension features, including a passive recirculating casing treatment and semi-open impeller design. This design, presented and analyzed for CO2 operation in a previous paper, was fabricated via direct metal laser sintering and tested in an open-loop test rig in order to validate simulation results and the effectiveness of the casing treatment configuration. Predicted performance curves in air and CO2 conditions are compared, resulting in a reduced diffuser width requirement for the air test in order to match design velocities and demonstrate the casing treatment. Test results show that the casing treatment performance generally matched computational fluid dynamics (CFD) predictions, demonstrating an operating range of 69% and efficiency above air predictions across the entire map. The casing treatment configuration demonstrated improvements over the solid wall configuration in stage performance and flow characteristics at low flows, resulting in an effective 14% increase in operating range with a 0.5-point efficiency penalty. The test results are also compared to a traditional fully shrouded impeller with the same flow coefficient and similar head coefficient, showing a 42% range improvement over traditional designs.

scholarly journals Method for assessing the energy efficiency of a vehicle taking into account the load under operating conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 05033
Author(s):  
Umidulla Abdurazzokov ◽  
Bakhramjan Sattivaldiev ◽  
Ravshan Khikmatov ◽  
Shakhnoza Ziyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Mechanical Work ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Engine Torque ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Available Information

In operation conditions, the transport work of a vehicle is estimated by the increment in the mass of the freight over the distance traveled. This criterion does not characterize the mechanical work of the vehicle in the transport process. Without analyzing the energy costs of performing mechanical work, it is impossible to assess the energy efficiency of a vehicle. The energy efficiency of a vehicle is defined as the ratio of the mechanical work performed by the vehicle to the potential energy of the source. In this paper, it is proposed to determine the engine torque by fuel consumption. The engine torque value depends on the energy required for driving the vehicle. Based on the analysis of the results of computational and experimental studies, a method for assessing the energy efficiency of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine is proposed. The reliability of the results obtained is substantiated by the test results and the available information in practice.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF OPERATING MODES OF MAIN OIL PIPELINES WITH PERIODICAL PARTIAL OIL DUMPING

2018 ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
Y. V. Yakymiv ◽  
O. M. Bortnyak
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
The Impact

Modern oil transportation systems are characterized by a complex hydraulic structure and geometric configuration, and often require the need for a permanent or periodic pumping or dumping part of the oil flow. The implementation of such transportation technology necessarily leads to changes in the operating conditions of oil pipelines and in accordance with the need to regulate the operation of oil pumping stations. Consequently, determining the patterns of the impact of the process of dumping the part of the oil on the energy parameters of the operation of oil transportation systems is an extremely important task.The influence of periodic dumping the part of oil on the energy efficiency of the operation of main oil pipelines was studied. The impact of volume of discharges on the consumption of power on pumping oil in the system of the main oil pipeline was analyzed. It has been found that with the increase the volume of discharges, the specific consumption of electricity for oil pumping decreases.Based on the carried research, the recommendations on the selection of reliable, safe and optimal pumping modes in terms of cost of electricity for the operation of oil pipelines "Druzhba" in the direction of Mozyr - Brody - Tukholsky pass with periodical partial oil dumping on LPDS "Brody".

scholarly journals Experimental Validation of a Wide-Range Centrifugal Compressor Stage for Supercritical CO2 Power Cycles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy C. Allison ◽  
Natalie R. Smith ◽  
Robert Pelton ◽  
Sewoong Jung ◽  
Jason C. Wilkes
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Compressor Stage ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Casing Treatment ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor Stage ◽  
Operating Range ◽  
Wide Range

Successful implementation of sCO2 power cycles requires high compressor efficiency at both the design-point and over a wide operating range in order to maximize cycle power output and maintain stable operation over a wide range of transient and part-load operating conditions. This requirement is particularly true for air-cooled cycles where compressor inlet density is a strong function of inlet temperature that is subject to daily and seasonal variations as well as transient events. In order to meet these requirements, a novel centrifugal compressor stage design was developed that incorporates multiple novel range extension features, including a passive recirculating casing treatment and semi-open impeller design. This design, presented and analyzed for CO2 operation in a previous paper, was fabricated via direct metal laser sintering and tested in an open-loop test rig in order to validate simulation results and the effectiveness of the casing treatment configuration. Predicted performance curves in air and CO2 conditions are compared, resulting in a reduced diffuser width requirement for the air test in order to match design velocities and demonstrate the casing treatment. Test results show that the casing treatment performance generally matched CFD predictions, demonstrating an operating range of 69% and efficiency above air predictions across the entire map. The casing treatment configuration demonstrated improvements over the solid wall configuration in stage performance and flow characteristics at low flows, resulting in an effective 14% increase in operating range with a 0.5-point efficiency penalty. The test results are also compared to a traditional fully shrouded impeller with the same flow coefficient and similar head coefficient, showing a 42% range improvement over traditional designs.

Additional methods to improve the energy efficiency of oil pipeline transportation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-565
Author(s):  
Marat R. Lukmanov ◽  
◽  
Sergey L. Semin ◽  
Pavel V. Fedorov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Pumping Equipment ◽  
Preparatory Work

The challenges of increasing the energy efficiency of the economy as a whole and of certain production sectors in particular are a priority both in our country and abroad. As part of the energy policy of the Russian Federation to reduce the specific energy intensity of enterprises in the oil transportation system, Transneft PJSC developed and implements the energy saving and energy efficiency improvement Program. The application of energy-saving technologies allowed the company to significantly reduce operating costs and emissions of harmful substances. At the same time, further reduction of energy costs is complicated for objective reasons. The objective of this article is to present additional methods to improve the energy efficiency of oil transportation by the example of the organizational structure of Transneft. Possibilities to reduce energy costs in the organization of the operating services, planning and execution of work to eliminate defects and preparatory work for the scheduled shutdown of the pipeline, the use of pumping equipment, including pumps with variable speed drive, the use of various pipelines layouts, changing the volume of oil entering the pipeline system and increase its viscosity.

Research Concerning the Identification of Some Parameters of a Sucker Rod Pumping Unit

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2289-2292
Author(s):  
Dorin Badoiu ◽  
Georgeta Toma
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Motor Torque ◽  
Unit Process ◽  
Sucker Rod ◽  
Pumping Unit

One of the solutions to reduce the production and maintenance costs of the sucker rod pumping installations is to develop automated systems for regulating and controlling their operations. The development of these automated systems requires an attentive modeling of the dynamics of the mechanism of the pumping unit, process in which the identification of the values of the parameters involved in the calculations plays an essential role. The paper presents the manner of determining the values of some parameters of the mechanism of a C-320D-256-100 pumping unit starting from the variation on a cinematic cycle of the motor torque at the crank shaft. Simulations were performed with a computer program developed by the authors, and the experimental records were processed with the program Total Well Management.

Hysteresis loss of ultra-large off-the-road tire rubber compounds based on operating conditions at mine sites

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110155
Author(s):  
Shaosen Ma ◽  
Guangping Huang ◽  
Khaled Obaia ◽  
Soon Won Moon ◽  
Wei Victor Liu
Keyword(s):  
Large Strain ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hysteresis Loss ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Mine Sites

The objective of this study is to investigate the hysteresis loss of ultra-large off-the-road (OTR) tire rubber compounds based on typical operating conditions at mine sites. Cyclic tensile tests were conducted on tread and sidewall compounds at six strain levels ranging from 10% to 100%, eight strain rates from 10% to 500% s−1 and 14 rubber temperatures from −30°C to 100°C. The test results showed that a large strain level (e.g. 100%) increased the hysteresis loss of tire rubber compounds considerably. Hysteresis loss of tire rubber compounds increased with a rise of strain rates, and the increasing rates became greater at large strain levels (e.g. 100%). Moreover, a rise of rubber temperatures caused a decrease in hysteresis loss; however, the decrease became less significant when the rubber temperatures were above 10°C. Compared with tread compounds, sidewall compounds showed greater hysteresis loss values and more rapid increases in hysteresis loss with the rising strain rate.

scholarly journals Methodology for Selecting the Operating Conditions of a Vibration Generator Used in the Hot-Dip Galvanizing Process

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2042
Author(s):  
Wojciech Kacalak ◽  
Igor Maciejewski ◽  
Dariusz Lipiński ◽  
Błażej Bałasz
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Asynchronous Motor ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Forced Simulation

A simulation model and the results of experimental tests of a vibration generator in applications for the hot-dip galvanizing process are presented. The parameters of the work of the asynchronous motor forcing the system vibrations were determined, as well as the degree of unbalance enabling the vibrations of galvanized elements weighing up to 500 kg to be forced. Simulation and experimental tests of the designed and then constructed vibration generator were carried out at different intensities of the unbalanced rotating mass of the motor. Based on the obtained test results, the generator operating conditions were determined at which the highest values of the amplitude of vibrations transmitted through the suspension system to the galvanized elements were obtained.

Hydrogen Production via Catalytic Autothermal Reforming of Desulfurized Jet-A Fuel

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyang Zhang ◽  
Xiaoxin Wang ◽  
Peiwen Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Coke Formation ◽  
Autothermal Reforming ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Fuel Conversion ◽  
Optimal Operating ◽  
Reaction Equilibrium

On-board hydrogen production via catalytic autothermal reforming is beneficial to vehicles using fuel cells because it eliminates the challenges of hydrogen storage. As the primary fuel for both civilian and military air flight application, Jet-A fuel (after desulfurization) was reformed for making hydrogen-rich fuels in this study using an in-house-made Rh/NiO/K-La-Ce-Al-OX ATR catalyst under various operating conditions. Based on the preliminary thermodynamic analysis of reaction equilibrium, important parameters such as ratios of H2O/C and O2/C were selected, in the range of 1.1–2.5 and 0.5–1.0, respectively. The optimal operating conditions were experimentally obtained at the reactor’s temperature of 696.2 °C, which gave H2O/C = 2.5 and O2/C = 0.5, and the obtained fuel conversion percentage, hydrogen yield (can be large than 1 from definition), and energy efficiency were 88.66%, 143.84%, and 64.74%, respectively. In addition, a discussion of the concentration variation of CO and CO2 at different H2O/C, as well as the analysis of fuel conversion profile, leads to the finding of effective approaches for suppression of coke formation.

The Establishment of Exergy Consumption Evaluation Index in Heated Oil Pipeline Transportation

2013 ◽  
Vol 401-403 ◽  
pp. 2143-2146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Lin Cheng ◽  
Zhe Li ◽  
Shuai Shao ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Xu Xu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Index Set ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Heated Oil ◽  
Consumption Index ◽  
Exergy Consumption ◽  
Exergy Transfer ◽  
Set Up

The exergy consumption during the transportation of heated oil includes four items: valid and invalid pressure exergy consumption, valid and invalid heat exergy consumption. These four parts are taken as the same loss in traditional evaluation systems of pipeline energy consumption, which somewhat hinders the further energy-conservation study. So establishing a scientific exergy consumption evaluation system is an important basis work of energy efficiency management. Based on the index system of energy efficiency for pipeline proposed by predecessors, the meaning of energy quality for exergy and the categories of exergy flow, the energy consumption index set of exergy transfer is set up in this article. Moreover, by computing exergy consumption index of exergy transfer for an oil pipeline in Daqing Oilfield, a part of representative indexes are selected by analyzing the obtained data with correlation coefficient method. Finally, the exergy consumption evaluation system is constructed.

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