scholarly journals RECONSTRUCTION OF COUPLING IN THE BRAIN AT EPILEPSY FROM LOCAL FIELD POTENTIALS USING MODEL NEUROOSCILLATORS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya Sysoev ◽  
Marina Sysoeva ◽  
Annika Lüttjohann ◽  
Vladimir Ponomarenko ◽  
Boris Bezruchko
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals 2327 Decoding/encoding somatosensation from the hand area of the human primary somatosensory (S1) cortex for a closed-loop motor/sensory brain-machine interface (BMI)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
Brian Lee ◽  
Richard Andersen ◽  
Helena Chui ◽  
William Mack
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Injured Patient ◽  
Brain Machine Interface ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
The Brain

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: A brain-machine interface (BMI) is a device implanted into the brain of a paralyzed or injured patient to control an external assistive device, such as a cursor on a computer screen, a motorized wheelchair, or a robotic limb. We hypothesize we can utilize electrical stimulation of subdural electrocorticography (ECoG) electrodes as a method of generating the percepts of somatosensation such as vibration, temperature, or proprioception. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: There will be 10 subjects, who are informed, willing, and consented epilepsy patients undergoing initial surgery for placement of subdural ECoG electrodes in the brain for seizure monitoring. ECoG will be used as a platform for recording high-resolution local field potentials during real-touch behavioral tasks. In addition, ECoG will also be used to electrically stimulate the human cerebral cortex in order to map and understand how varying stimulation parameters produce percepts of sensation. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: To determine how tactile and proprioceptive signals are integrated in S1, we will perform spectral analysis of the broadband local field potentials to look for increased power in specific frequency bands in the ECoG recordings while touching or moving the hand. To explore generating artificial sensation, the subject will be asked to perform a variety of tasks with and without the aid of stimulation. We anticipate the subject’s performance will be enhanced with the addition of artificial sensation. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Many patients might benefit from a BMI, such as those with stroke, amputation, spinal cord injury, or brain trauma. The current generation of BMI devices are guided by visual feedback alone. However, without somatosensory feedback, even the most basic limb movements are difficult to perform in a fluid and natural manner. The results from this project will be crucial to developing a closed loop motor/sensory BMI.

scholarly journals Multiscale Autoregressive Identification of Neuroelectrophysiological Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Timothy P. Gilmour ◽  
Thyagarajan Subramanian ◽  
Constantino Lagoa ◽  
W. Kenneth Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Arx Model ◽  
Optimal Amount ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Selection Of

Electrical signals between connected neural nuclei are difficult to model because of the complexity and high number of paths within the brain. Simple parametric models are therefore often used. A multiscale version of the autoregressive with exogenous input (MS-ARX) model has recently been developed which allows selection of the optimal amount of filtering and decimation depending on the signal-to-noise ratio and degree of predictability. In this paper, we apply the MS-ARX model to cortical electroencephalograms and subthalamic local field potentials simultaneously recorded from anesthetized rodent brains. We demonstrate that the MS-ARX model produces better predictions than traditional ARX modeling. We also adapt the MS-ARX results to show differences in internuclei predictability between normal rats and rats with 6OHDA-induced parkinsonism, indicating that this method may have broad applicability to other neuroelectrophysiological studies.

Role of local field potentials in encoding hand movement kinematics

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 1601-1603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Witte
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Movement Planning ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Brain Signals ◽  
Reach And Grasp ◽  
The Brain

How the brain orchestrates the musculoskeletal system to produce complex three-dimensional movements is still poorly understood. Despite first promising results in brain-machine interfaces that translate cortical activity to control output, there is an ongoing debate about which brain signals provide richest information related to movement planning and execution. Novel results by Bansal and colleagues (2011) now suggest that neuronal spiking and local field potentials jointly encode kinematics during skilled reach and grasp movements.

scholarly journals Beyond resting state neuronal avalanches in the somatosensory barrel cortex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetta Mariani ◽  
Giorgio Nicoletti ◽  
Marta Bisio ◽  
Marta Maschietto ◽  
Roberto Oboe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Sensory Input ◽  
Barrel Cortex ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Cortical Layers ◽  
The One ◽  
Neuronal Avalanches ◽  
The Brain

Since its first experimental signatures, the so called "critical brain hypothesis" has been extensively studied. Yet, its actual foundations remain elusive. According to a widely accepted teleological reasoning, the brain would be poised to a critical state to optimize the mapping of the noisy and ever changing real-world inputs, thus suggesting that primary sensory cortical areas should be critical. We investigated whether a single barrel column of the somatosensory cortex of the anesthetized rat displays a critical behavior. Neuronal avalanches were recorded across all cortical layers in terms of both spikes and population local field potentials, and their behavior during spontaneous activity compared to the one evoked by a controlled single whisker deflection. By applying a maximum likelihood statistical method based on timeseries undersampling to fit the avalanches distributions, we show that neuronal avalanches are power law distributed for both spikes and local field potentials during spontaneous activity, with exponents that are spread along a scaling line. Instead, after the tactile stimulus, activity switches to an across-layers synchronization mode that appears to dominate during cortical representation of the single sensory input.

scholarly journals Neuronal Avalanches Across the Rat Somatosensory Barrel Cortex and the Effect of Single Whisker Stimulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetta Mariani ◽  
Giorgio Nicoletti ◽  
Marta Bisio ◽  
Marta Maschietto ◽  
Roberto Oboe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Sensory Input ◽  
Barrel Cortex ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Whisker Stimulation ◽  
The One ◽  
Neuronal Avalanches ◽  
The Brain

Since its first experimental signatures, the so called “critical brain hypothesis” has been extensively studied. Yet, its actual foundations remain elusive. According to a widely accepted teleological reasoning, the brain would be poised to a critical state to optimize the mapping of the noisy and ever changing real-world inputs, thus suggesting that primary sensory cortical areas should be critical. We investigated whether a single barrel column of the somatosensory cortex of the anesthetized rat displays a critical behavior. Neuronal avalanches were recorded across all cortical layers in terms of both multi-unit activities and population local field potentials, and their behavior during spontaneous activity compared to the one evoked by a controlled single whisker deflection. By applying a maximum likelihood statistical method based on timeseries undersampling to fit the avalanches distributions, we show that neuronal avalanches are power law distributed for both multi-unit activities and local field potentials during spontaneous activity, with exponents that are spread along a scaling line. Instead, after the tactile stimulus, activity switches to a transient across-layers synchronization mode that appears to dominate the cortical representation of the single sensory input.

scholarly journals Altered Emotional Phenotypes in Chronic Kidney Disease Following 5/6 Nephrectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 882
Author(s):  
Yeon Hee Yu ◽  
Seong-Wook Kim ◽  
Dae-Kyoon Park ◽  
Ho-Yeon Song ◽  
Duk-Soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Rat Models

Increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and neurological disorders including cerebrovascular disease, cognitive impairment, peripheral neuropathy, and dysfunction of central nervous system have been reported during the natural history of CKD. Psychological distress and depression are serious concerns in patients with CKD. However, the relevance of CKD due to decline in renal function and the pathophysiology of emotional deterioration is not clear. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham control, 5/6 nephrectomy at 4 weeks, and 5/6 nephrectomy at 10 weeks. Behavior tests, local field potentials, and histology and laboratory tests were conducted and investigated. We provided direct evidence showing that CKD rat models exhibited anxiogenic behaviors and depression-like phenotypes, along with altered hippocampal neural oscillations at 1–12 Hz. We generated CKD rat models by performing 5/6 nephrectomy, and identified higher level of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in CKD rats than in wild-type, depending on time. In addition, the level of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen I for renal tissue was markedly elevated, with worsening fibrosis due to renal failures. The level of anxiety and depression-like behaviors increased in the 10-week CKD rat models compared with the 4-week rat models. In the recording of local field potentials, the power of delta (1–4 Hz), theta (4–7 Hz), and alpha rhythm (7–12 Hz) was significantly increased in the hippocampus of CKD rats compared with wild-type rats. Together, our findings indicated that anxiogenic behaviors and depression can be induced by CKD, and these abnormal symptoms can be worsened as the onset of CKD was prolonged. In conclusion, our results show that the hippocampus is vulnerable to uremia.

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