scholarly journals The Separation of Emulsified Water/Oil Mixtures through Adsorption on Plasma-Treated Polyethylene Powder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Abdulkareem ◽  
Anton Popelka ◽  
Patrik Sobolciak ◽  
Igor Krupa
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Size ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Sonication Time ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Emulsified Water

This work addresses the preparation and characterization of efficient adsorbents for tertiary treatment (oil content below 100 ppm) of oil/water emulsions. Powdered low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was modified by radio-frequency plasma discharge and then used as a medium for the treatment of emulsified diesel oil/water mixtures in the concentration range from 75 ppm to 200 ppm. Plasma treatment significantly increased the wettability of the LDPE powder, which resulted in enhanced sorption capability of the oil component from emulsions in comparison to untreated powder. Emulsions formed from distilled water and commercial diesel oil (DO) with concentrations below 200 ppm were used as a model of oily polluted water. The emulsions were prepared using ultrasonication without surfactant. The droplet size was directly proportional to sonication time and ranged from 135 nm to 185 nm. A sonication time of 20 min was found to be sufficient to prepare stable emulsions with an average droplet size of approximately 150 nm. The sorption tests were realized in a batch system. The effect of contact time and initial oil concentrations were studied under standard atmospheric conditions at a stirring speed of 340 rpm with an adsorbent particle size of 500 microns. The efficiency of the plasma-treated LDPE powder in oil removal was found to be dependent on the initial oil concentration. It decreased from 96.7% to 79.5% as the initial oil concentration increased from 75 ppm to 200 ppm. The amount of adsorbed oil increased with the increasing contact time. The fastest adsorption was observed during the first 30 min of treatment. The adsorption kinetics for emulsified oils onto sorbent followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

scholarly journals The Separation of Emulsified Water/Oil Mixtures through Adsorption on Plasma-Treated Polyethylene Powder

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1086
Author(s):  
Asma Abdulkareem ◽  
Anton Popelka ◽  
Patrik Sobolčiak ◽  
Aisha Tanvir ◽  
Mabrouk Ouederni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Size ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Sonication Time ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Emulsified Water

This paper addresses the preparation and characterization of efficient adsorbents for tertiary treatment (oil content below 100 ppm) of oil/water emulsions. Powdered low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was modified by radio-frequency plasma discharge and then used as a medium for the treatment of emulsified diesel oil/water mixtures in the concentration range from 75 ppm to 200 ppm. Plasma treatment significantly increased the wettability of the LDPE powder, which resulted in enhanced sorption capability of the oil component from emulsions in comparison to untreated powder. Emulsions formed from distilled water and commercial diesel oil (DO) with concentrations below 200 ppm were used as a model of oily polluted water. The emulsions were prepared using ultrasonication without surfactant. The droplet size was directly proportional to sonication time and ranged from 135 nm to 185 nm. A sonication time of 20 min was found to be sufficient to prepare stable emulsions with an average droplet size of approximately 150 nm. The sorption tests were realized in a batch system. The effect of contact time and initial oil concentrations were studied under standard atmospheric conditions at a stirring speed of 340 rpm with an adsorbent particle size of 500 microns. The efficiency of the plasma-treated LDPE powder in oil removal was found to be dependent on the initial oil concentration. It decreased from 96.7% to 79.5% as the initial oil concentration increased from 75 ppm to 200 ppm. The amount of adsorbed oil increased with increasing contact time. The fastest adsorption was observed during the first 30 min of treatment. The adsorption kinetics for emulsified oils onto sorbent followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

Utilisation of Biomass and Hybrid Biochar from Elephant Grass and Low Density Polyethylene for the Competitive Adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), Fe(II) and Zn(II) from Aqueous Media

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua O. Ighalo ◽  
Lois T. Arowoyele ◽  
Samuel Ogunniyi ◽  
Comfort A. Adeyanju ◽  
Folasade M. Oladipo-Emmanuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Competitive Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Elephant Grass

Background: The presence of pollutants in polluted water is not singularized hence pollutant species are constantly in competition for active sites during the adsorption process. A key advantage of competitive adsorption studies is that it informs on the adsorbent performance in real water treatment applications. Objective: This study aims to investigate the competitive adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), Fe(II) and Zn(II) using elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) biochar and hybrid biochar from LDPE. Method: The produced biochar was characterised by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of adsorption parameters, equilibrium isotherm modelling and parametric studies were conducted based on data from the batch adsorption experiments. Results: For both adsorbents, the removal efficiency was >99% over the domain of the entire investigation for dosage and contact time suggesting that they are very efficient for removing multiple heavy metals from aqueous media. It was observed that removal efficiency was optimal at 2 g/l dosage and contact time of 20 minutes for both adsorbent types. The Elovich isotherm and the pseudo-second order kinetic models were best-fit for the competitive adsorption process. Conclusion: The study was able to successfully reveal that biomass biochar from elephant grass and hybrid biochar from LDPE can be used as effective adsorbent material for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous media. This study bears a positive implication for environmental protection and solid waste management.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of a Chemically-Activated Novel Mesoporous Silica for Cobalt Decontamination from Polluted Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Matavos-Aramyan ◽  
Sadaf Soukhakian
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Co2 Removal ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

Mesoporous silica was synthesized by a chemical process and its efficiency was investigated for removal of cobalt (Co2+) ions from contaminated water in a laboratory scale. The characteristics of synthesized mesoporous were analyzed by SEM/TGA. Optimal conditions were determined for important parameters such as solution pH, the absorbent dose, the initial Co2+ concentration, and contact time by a single-variable method through the batch experiments. The SEM results confirmed the synthesized silica had high porosity with a honeycomb-like structure. The results showed that with an increasing adsorbent dose and contact time to the optimum, the efficiency of Co2+ adsorption increased. However, with increasing concentration of Co2+, the removal efficiency decreased. At optimal contact time (8 h), 85 % of Co2+ was removed. The maximum adsorption efficiency at pH =7, initial Co2+ concentration of 5 ppm, and at the adsorbent dose 0.3 g/50 ml, was 89%. The study of adsorption isotherm and kinetic models showed that the adsorption process followed the Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.9359) and the second-order kinetic model (R2=0.999). Therefore, the synthesized mesoporous silica presented a chemical adsorption mechanism for Co2+ removal from aqueous media and can be utilized in wastewater treatment containing divalent heavy metals such as Co2+.

scholarly journals Removal of Azo Dyes (Violet B and Violet 5R) from Aqueous Solution Using New Activated Carbon Developed from Orange Peel

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeedeh Hashemian ◽  
Khaterah Salari ◽  
Hamila Salehifar ◽  
Zahra Atashi Yazdi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

Activated carbon developed from agricultural waste orange peel (COP) was prepared. COP was characterized using Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and BET. COP has surface area and mean pore diameter of 225.6 m2 g−1and 22.40 nm, respectively. The removal of violet B (VB) and violet 5R (V5R) from aqueous solutions by COP was investigated. The effect of operational parameters such as contact time, pH, initial dye concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of dyes was investigated. Maximum dye was removed within 30 min of contact time at pH > 7. Two common models, the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, were used to investigate the interaction of dye and COPs. The isotherm evaluations revealed that the Langmuir model provides better fit to the experimental data than the Freundlich model. The adsorption of VB and V5R onto COP was followed by pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a good correlation (R2>0.99). Activation energies 5.47 and 29.7 KJ mol−1were determined for violet B and violet 5R, respectively. The rate of adsorption of violet 5R was faster than that of violet B (kV5R>kVB). The prepared COP could thus be used as promising adsorbent for removal of organic dyes, especially azo dye, from polluted water. The solid COP could be conveniently regenerated after adsorption.

scholarly journals Orange Peel As Low-Cost Adsorbent In The Elimination Of Cd(Ii) Ions: Kinetics, Isotherm, Thermodynamic And Optimization Evaluations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fola Temilade Akinhanmi ◽  
Edwin Andrew Ofudje ◽  
Idowu Abideen Adeogun ◽  
Aina Peter ◽  
Joseph Mayowa Ilo
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage

Abstract The presence of heavy metals in polluted water is known not only to cause stern harm to marine organisms but also to terrestrial plants and animals including human beings. This research applied low-cost and environmental benign adsorbent primed from waste orange peel (OP) for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution via batch adsorption process. The surface properties of the orange peel powder were studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray spectroscopy (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Operational conditions like temperature, contact time, sorbent dosage, solution pH and initial adsorbate concentration were investigated. The utmost uptake of Cd(II) ion was obtained at a contact time of 120 mins, initial metal concentration of 240 mg/L, adsorbent dosage of 0.04 g/L, temperature of 45 °C and solution pH of 5.5. Equilibrium results showed that the orange peel adsorbent has an adsorption capacity of 128.23 mg/g as obtained from the Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption kinetics data followed a pseudo-first-order kinetic model with correlation coefficient (R2) >0.9 and low standard % error values. The adsorption process was found to be endothermic in nature with enthalpy of 0.0046 kJ mol−1 and entropy of-636.865 Jmol-1K-1 respectively. Results from the optimization study indicated that higher adsorbent dosage and lower Cd(II) ion concentration increased the percentage of Cd (II) ion removal. Thus, orange peel could be used in the removal of Cd(II) ion from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Orange Peel As Low-cost Adsorbent In The Elimination Of Cd(II) Ions: Kinetics, Isotherm, Thermodynamic And Optimization Evaluations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fola Temilade Akinhanmi ◽  
Edwin Andrew Ofudje ◽  
Idowu Abideen Adeogun ◽  
Aina Peter ◽  
Joseph Mayowa Ilo
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage

Abstract The presence of heavy metals in polluted water is known not only to cause stern harm to marine organisms but also to terrestial plants and animals including human beings. This research applied low-cost and environmental benign adsorbent primed from waste orange peel (OP) in the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution via the batch process. The surface properties of the orange peel powder was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FT-IR). Operational conditions like temperature, contact time, sorbent dosage, solution pH and initial adsorbate concentration were investigated. The utmost uptake of Cd(II) ion was obtained at the contact time of 120 min, initial metal concentration of 240 mg/L, adsorbent dosage of 0.04 g/L, temperature of 45 °C and solution pH of 5.5 on the adsorption of Cd(II) ion. Equilibrium results showed that the orange peel adsorbent has an adsorption capacity of 27.916 mg/g as obtained from the Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption kinetics data followed a Pseudo-first-order kinetic model with correlation coefficient (R2) > 0.9 and low standard % error values. The adsorption process was found to be spontaneous, feasible and with enthalpy of 0.0046 kJ mol− 1 and entropy of -636.865 Jmol− 1K− 1 respectively. Results from the optimization study indicated that higher adsorbent dosage and lower Cd(II) ion concentration increased the percentage of Cd (II) ion removal. Thus, orange peel could be used in the removal of Cd(II) ion from aqueous solutions.

Nano-ZrO2/TiO2 Impregnated Orange Wood Sawdust and Peach Stone Shell Adsorbents for Cr (VI) Removal

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 880-892
Author(s):  
Şerife Parlayıcı ◽  
Kübra Tuna Sezer ◽  
Erol Pehlivan
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Wood Sawdust ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Equilibrium Status

Background: In this work, Cr (VI) adsorption on nano-ZrO2๏TiO2 impregnated orange wood sawdust (Zr๏Ti/OWS) and nano-ZrO2๏TiO2 impregnated peach stone shell (Zr๏Ti/PSS) was investigated by applying different adsorption parameters such as Cr (VI) concentrations, contact time, adsorbent dose, and pH for all adsorbents. Methods: The adsorbents were characterized by SEM and FT-IR. The equilibrium status was achieved after 120 min of contact time and optimum pH value around 2 were determined for Cr (VI) adsorption. Adsorption data in the equilibrium is well-assembled by the Langmuir model during the adsorption process. Results: Langmuir isotherm model showed a maximum adsorption value of OWS: 21.65 mg/g and Zr๏Ti/OWS: 27.25 mg/g. The same isotherm displayed a maximum adsorption value of PSS: 17.64 mg/g, and Zr๏Ti/PSS: 31.15 mg/g. Pseudo-second-order kinetic models (R2=0.99) were found to be the best models for describing the Cr (VI) adsorption reactions. Conclusıon: Thermodynamic parameters such as changes in ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° have been estimated, and the process was found to be spontaneous.

scholarly journals Release of toxic methylene blue from water by mesoporous silicalite-1: characterization, kinetics and isotherm studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabarish Radoor ◽  
Jasila Karayil ◽  
Aswathy Jayakumar ◽  
Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai ◽  
Suchart Siengchin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

AbstractIn the present work, we have developed a mesoporous silicalite-1 using CMC as a template for the removal of MB from aqueous solution. The synthesized silicalite-1 were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) and N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm (BET). XRD and FT-IR analysis confirmed the formation of crystallinity and development of MFI structure in the mesoporous silicalite-1. The adsorption of MB dye on mesoporous silicalite-1 was conducted by batch adsorption method. The effect of various parameters such as adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, contact time and temperature on the dye uptake ability of silicalite-1 was investigated. The operating parameters for the maximum adsorption are silicalite-1 dosage (0.1 wt%), contact time (240 min), initial dye concentration (10 ppm) and temperature (30 ℃). The MB dye removal onto mesoporous silicalite-1 followed pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm. The silicalite-1 exhibits 86% removal efficiency even after six adsorption–desorption cycle. Therefore, the developed mesoporous silicalite-1 is an effective eco-friendly adsorbent for MB dye removal from aqueous environment.

Immobilization of Nano-TiO2 on Expanded Perlite for Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 3795-3800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhi Wang ◽  
Wei Wei Yong ◽  
Wei Qin Yin ◽  
Ke Feng ◽  
Rong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Expanded Perlite ◽  
Initial Concentration

Expanded perlite (EP) modified titanium dioxide (TiO2) with different loading times were prepared by Sol-Gel method. Photocatalytic degradation kinetics of Rhodamine B (RhB) in polluted water by the materials (EP-nanoTiO2), as well as the effects of different loading times and the initial concentration of RhB on photocatalysis rate were examined. The catalytic activity of the regenerated photocatalyst was also tested. The results showed that photocatalyst modified three times with TiO2had the highest catalytic activity. Degradation ratio of RhB by EP-nanoTiO2(modified three times) under irradiation for 6 h were 98.0%, 75.6% and 63.2% for 10 mg/L, 20 mg/L and 30 mg/L, respectively.The photocatalyst activity has little change after the five times recycling, and the degradation rate of RhB decreased less than 8%. The reaction of photocatalysis for RhB with irradiation time can be expressed as first-order kinetic mode within the initial concentration range of RhB between 10mg/L and 30 mg/L. EP-nanoTiO2photocatalyst has a higher activity and stability to degrade RhB in aqueous solution.

REMOVAL OF STRONTIUM (II) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING FUNCTIONALIZED CARBON NANOTUBES

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250019 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAJESH KUMAR ◽  
S. K. JAIN
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Environmental Application ◽  
Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir

This study was carried out to evaluate the environmental application of functionalized carbon nanotubes through the experimental removal of strontium (II) from water. The aim was to find the optimal condition for the removal of strontium from water under different conditions such as initial concentration of strontium, contact time and neutral pH. The functionalized multi wall carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNT) were characterized by FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption isotherms were correlated to Freundlich and Langmuir models and it was found that the adsorption data could be fitted better by Langmuir model than Freundlich one. The kinetic data shows that the adsorption describes well with the pseudo-second order kinetic model. Functionalized MWCNT can be used as good adsorbent for the removal of the strontium ions from polluted water according to results.

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