scholarly journals Pengurangan Emisi CO2 dari Pemanfaatan Limbah Pelepah Kelapa Sawit pada Produksi Batako Serat

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Zainuri Zainuri ◽  
Dedi Zargustin ◽  
Gusneli Yanti ◽  
Shanti Wahyuni Megasari
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Descriptive Method

ABSTRACTPalm oil midrib waste has not been utilized so far, so it has potentially contributed CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. The area of oil palm plantations in Riau province in 2015 was 2,400,900 hectares and in 2016 increased by 2,430,500 hectares. The oil palm midrib waste produced by 148 trees per hectare is 3.108 tons/month or 37.296 tons/year. It means that with 2,430,500 hectares of palm plantations, the resulting waste is 90,647,928 tons/year. The waste can affect the environment. If the palm oil midribs that have been cut and then stacked or burned will contribute large CO2 emissions to the environment. One of the efforts to utilize palm oil midrib waste is to use the fiber as an added material in the brick making. The purpose of this study is to calculate the reduction of CO2 emissions by utilizing palm oil midrib waste on fiber-brick production. The method used in this research is a descriptive method. The research carried out is quantitative with an experimental approach and laboratory research. The findings of this study are that the utilization of palm oil midrib fibers which are used as additives to the manufacture of fiber-brick concrete can reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by 231,420.06 tons/year. The conclusion of this study is that CO2 emissions produced from fiber-brick production machines in 1 m3 are 0.00179 ton and CO2 emissions that can be reduced by utilizing palm oil midrib fiber as an additive to fiber-brick production by 231,420.06 tons/year. Keywords: CO2, emissions, oil palm, midribABSTRAKLimbah pelepah kelapa sawit selama ini masih belum dimanfaatkan, sehingga berpotensi menyumbangkan emisi CO2 ke udara. Luas perkebunan kelapa sawit yang ada di provinsi Riau tahun 2015 adalah 2.400.900 hektar dan pada tahun 2016 meningkat sebesar 2.430.500 hektar. Limbah pelepah kelapa sawit yang dihasilkan oleh 148 pohon per hektar adalah 3,108 ton/bulan atau 37,296 ton/tahun. Artinya, dengan luas perkebunan sawit 2.430.500 hektar, maka limbah yang dihasilkan sebesar 90.647.928 ton/tahun. Limbah tersebut dapat berpengaruh terhadap lingkungan. Apabila pelepah kelapa sawit yang telah dipotong lalu ditumpuk atau dibakar akan menyumbangkan emisi CO2 yang besar terhadap lingkungan. Salah satu upaya memanfaatkan limbah pelepah kelapa sawit adalah memakai seratnya sebagai bahan tambah dalam pembuatan batako. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menghitung pengurangan emisi CO2 dengan dimanfaatkannya limbah pelepah kelapa sawit pada produksi batako-serat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Penelitian yang dilaksanakan bersifat kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksperimental dan riset laboratorium. Temuan penelitian ini adalah bahwa pemanfaatan serat pelepah kelapa sawit yang dijadikan sebagai bahan tambah pada pembuatan batako-serat dapat mengurangi emisi karbon dioksida (CO2) sebesar 231.420,06 ton/tahun. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa emisi CO2 yang dihasilkan dari mesin produksi batako-serat dalam 1 m3 adalah 0,00179 ton/m3 dan emisi CO2 yang dapat dikurangi dengan memanfaatkan serat pelepah kelapa sawit sebagai bahan tambah pada produksi batako-serat sebesar 231.420,06 ton/tahun.Kata kunci: CO2, emisi, kelapa sawit, pelepah

scholarly journals Kontribusi Produksi Cellular Lightweight Concrete Serat Limbah Pelepah Kelapa Ssawit Terhadap Emisi CO2

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Zainuri Zainuri ◽  
Sujianto Sujianto ◽  
Adrianto Ahmad ◽  
Feliatra Feliatra
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Palm Fronds ◽  
By Products

The vast palm oil plantations in Riau province which are 2,430,500 hectares (BPS Indonesia, 2017) have great potential as a provider of CPO (Crude Palm Oil) and other by-products and include waste. The midrib is always lowered along with the decrease in oil palm fruit bunches at harvest. Handling of waste from the midrib is only by stacking it in the field and letting it dry and self-destruct. Oil palm midribs are still a problem today because they can affect the global climate with greenhouse gas emissions. Carbon emissions can still be minimized by utilizing oil palm midribs. This study aims to measure the reduction of CO2 emissions as an added ingredient in the production of fiber CLC. Presentation of research results using descriptive methods. Research conducted in laboratories with an experimental approach is quantitative. The findings of this study are that the use of oil palm fronds as an added ingredient in producing CLC of solar and electric fuel fibers by 1 m3 can reduce CO2 emissions. The conclusion of this study is that CO2 emissions that can be reduced in the manufacture of 1 m3 of fiber CLC using diesel fuel is 111,582 tons/year and when using an electrically driven engine the CO2 emissions that can be reduced are 120.887 tons/year.

scholarly journals Climate benefits of proposed carbon dioxide mitigation strategies for international shipping and aviation

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 14949-14965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine C. Ivanovich ◽  
Ilissa B. Ocko ◽  
Pedro Piris-Cabezas ◽  
Annie Petsonk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
International Shipping ◽  
Nationally Determined Contributions ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract. While individual countries work to achieve and strengthen their nationally determined contributions (NDCs) to the Paris Agreement, the growing emissions from two economic sectors remain largely outside most countries' NDCs: international shipping and international aviation. Reducing emissions from these sectors is particularly challenging because the adoption of any policies and targets requires the agreement of a large number of countries. However, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) have recently announced strategies to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from their respective sectors. Here we provide information on the climate benefits of these proposed measures, along with related potential measures. Given that the global average temperature has already risen 1 ∘C above preindustrial levels, there is only 1.0 or 0.5 ∘C of additional “allowable warming” left to stabilize below the 2 or 1.5 ∘C thresholds, respectively. We find that if no actions are taken, CO2 emissions from international shipping and aviation may contribute roughly equally to an additional combined 0.12 ∘C to global temperature rise by end of century – which is 12 % and 24 % of the allowable warming we have left to stay below the 2 or 1.5 ∘C thresholds (1.0 and 0.5 ∘C), respectively. However, stringent mitigation measures may avoid over 85 % of this projected future warming from the CO2 emissions from each sector. Quantifying the climate benefits of proposed mitigation pathways is critical as international organizations work to develop and meet long-term targets.

scholarly journals EMISI GAS KARBON DIOKSIDA (CO2) PADA PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) YANG DITUMPANGSARI DENGAN TANAMAN PANGAN DI LAHAN GAMBUT

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ridha Pahlipi ◽  
Ervina Aryanti ◽  
Mokhamad Irfan ◽  
Indah Permanasari ◽  
Ahmad Taufiq Arminudin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Random Block Design ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Peat land conversion into oil palm plantations leads was increased emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). Plants on peat land and environmental conditions believed to be factors in the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2). The porpuse of this research was determined the emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) in oil palm plantations are intercropped with cropping crop on peat land and the influence of environmental factors on the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2). This research was conducted in September 2015 until April 2016 in Rimbo Panjang village, Subdiscrict Tambang, District of Kampar, Province of Riau. Cropping crop used were corn and soybeans. The method used in this study was a Random Block Design with four treatments and four replications. The treatments were palm - berau, palm oil - corn, palm oil - soybean, palm oil – intercropping (soybean – maize). Parameters measured were carbon dioxide (CO2), soil temperature, air temperature, the temperature of the lid, the depth of the water table and soil pH. The results showed that carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) in oil palm plantations are intercropped with cropping crop (corn and soybeans) were not significantly different. The influence of air temperature, soil temperature, the temperature of the lid, and the depth of the ground water level were inversely and  insignificant to the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2). As for getting nearly neutral pH, the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) is increasing, but insignificant.

scholarly journals The Underground Economy and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Underground Economy ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Co2 Intensity ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
China’S Economy

China aims to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) intensity by 40–45% compared to its level in 2005 by 2020. The underground economy accounts for a significant proportion of China’s economy, but is not included in official statistics. Therefore, the nexus of CO2 and the underground economy in China is worthy of exploration. To this end, this paper identifies the extent to which the underground economy affects CO2 emissions through the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 1998 to 2016. Many studies have focused on the quantification of the relationship between CO2 emissions and economic development. However, the insights provided by those studies have generally ignored the underground economy. With full consideration of the scale of the underground economy, this research concludes that similar to previous studies, the inversely N-shaped environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) still holds for the income-CO2 nexus in China. Furthermore, a threshold regression analysis shows that the structural and technological effects are environment-beneficial and drive the EKC downward by their threshold effects. The empirical techniques in this paper can also be applied for similar research on other emerging economies that are confronted with the difficulties of achieving sustainable development.

scholarly journals Climate benefits of proposed carbon dioxide mitigation strategies for international shipping and aviation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine C. Ivanovich ◽  
Ilissa B. Ocko ◽  
Pedro Piris-Cabezas ◽  
Annie Petsonk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
International Shipping ◽  
Nationally Determined Contributions ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract. While individual countries work to achieve and strengthen their nationally determined contributions to the Paris Agreement, the growing emissions from two economic sectors remain outside the bounds of national jurisdictions: international shipping and aviation. Reducing emissions from these sectors is particularly challenging because adoption of any policies and targets requires agreement of a large number of countries. However, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) have recently announced strategies to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from their respective sectors. Here we provide information on the climate benefits of these proposed measures, along with related potential measures. We find that if no actions are taken, CO2 emissions from international shipping and aviation may contribute roughly equally to an additional combined 0.15 °C to global temperature rise by end of century—which is 15 % and 30 % of the “allowable warming” we have left to stay below the 2 °C or 1.5 °C thresholds, respectively. However, stringent mitigation measures may avoid over 85 % of this projected future warming from the CO2 emissions from each sector. Quantifying the climate benefits of proposed mitigation pathways is critical as international organizations work to develop and meet long-term targets.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF FOSSIL FUEL AND HYDROPOWER ON CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS: EKC VALIDATION WITH STRUCTURAL BREAKS

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxia Xia ◽  
Zilong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

This research is carried out to explore the relationship between economic growth, fossil energy, carbon emissions, hydropower, industrial development and energy endowment, and the effectiveness of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in China from 1965 to 2016 is tested. To this end, some econometric methods with structural breaks are employed. The results illustrate that the EKC considering structural breaks is existed in China. Furthermore, hydropower consumption can significantly reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, however, the reduction an be masked by the increase of fossil energy consumption. In addition, industrialization level and economic growth positively and significantly affect CO2 emissions. Finally, some policies for reducing CO2 emissions are put forward.

scholarly journals Estimation of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from a Traditional Nutrient-Rich Cambodian Diet Food Production System Using Life Cycle Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3660
Author(s):  
Rathna Hor ◽  
Phanna Ly ◽  
Agusta Samodra Putra ◽  
Riaru Ishizaki ◽  
Tofael Ahamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Production System ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Food Production System

Traditional Cambodian food has higher nutrient balances and is environmentally sustainable compared to conventional diets. However, there is a lack of knowledge and evidence on nutrient intake and the environmental greenness of traditional food at different age distributions. The relationship between nutritional intake and environmental impact can be evaluated using carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from agricultural production based on life cycle assessment (LCA). The objective of this study was to estimate the CO2 equivalent (eq) emissions from the traditional Cambodian diet using LCA, starting at each agricultural production phase. A one-year food consumption scenario with the traditional diet was established. Five breakfast (BF1–5) and seven lunch and dinner (LD1–7) food sets were consumed at the same rate and compared using LCA. The results showed that BF1 and LD2 had the lowest and highest emissions (0.3 Mt CO2 eq/yr and 1.2 Mt CO2 eq/yr, respectively). The food calories, minerals, and vitamins met the recommended dietary allowance. The country’s existing food production system generates CO2 emissions of 9.7 Mt CO2 eq/yr, with the proposed system reducing these by 28.9% to 6.9 Mt CO2 eq/yr. The change in each food item could decrease emissions depending on the type and quantity of the food set, especially meat and milk consumption.

Insights into the Development of Cu-based Photocathodes for Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Conversion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenzhang Li ◽  
Keke Wang ◽  
yanfang Ma ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Weixin Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Co2 Conversion ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

The ever-growing factitious over-consumption of fossil fuels and the accompanying massive emissions of CO2 have caused severe energy crisis and environmental issues. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) reduction of CO2 that can combine...

scholarly journals Carbon Costs of Indonesian Forested Land Conversion to Oil Palm Plantations

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Walyoto
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Carbon Costs ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Co2 Release

This article analyzes the loss of carbon dioxide (CO2) released in the forest conversion to oil palm plantations. This research data gathered from the relevant secondary data and relate published reports. This research finds that a loss of release of carbon dioxide (CO2) per hectare of US $ 9,800 with a carbon price of USD2 of US $ 14,000 carbon price of USD3 and US $ 19,600 in carbon price of USD4. In addition, this conversion also has a significant impact on global warming (GWP) and global climate change. Keywords: oil palm plantation, CO2 release, GWP, climate change. 

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