scholarly journals Clustering of the Russian coal mining regions: Investment and innovation activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-106
Author(s):  
Kirill Sablin ◽  
Elena Kagan ◽  
Ekaterina Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Mining Regions

On a global scale, Russia’s competitive advantages remain linked with extractive and low value-added industries despite numerous attempts of the government to make the national economy more innovative. The paper focuses on the problem of the Russian economy’s transi tion to innovative development and overcoming its resource dependency. Methodologically, the paper relies on the concepts of an enclave dual economy and fragmented (dual) innovation sys tems. The object of the study is coal mining regions, which are clustered based on the analysis of investment and innovation activity. Statistical methods of data analysis (calculation of descrip tive statistics) as well as cluster analysis methods (hierarchical method and k-means method) are used for processing the initial information. The researchers form the indicators characteris ing investment and innovative activity in the selected regions. Investment indicators include the ones reflecting the total share of investment in fixed capital by economic activities related to extractive and manufacturing industries. To assess innovation activity the authors calculated the total share of expenses of the organisations of extractive and manufacturing industries on technological innovations. The results of hierarchical analysis in a group of investment activity indicators allow identifying four clusters of regions. Based on the innovation activity indica tors, regions form three clusters. The research findings demonstrate that most of coal mining regions feature low or medium level of investment activity in the extractive and manufacturing industries; medium level of innovation activity in extractive industries and medium or low level of innovation activity in manufacturing industries. The results of the study can be one of the foundations for the regional policy targeting the transition to innovation economy.

Indian manufacturing will attract more investment

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Trade Barriers ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supply Chain Resilience ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Local Manufacturing ◽  
The Government

Significance The government is counting on its multi-sector Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme to entice domestic and foreign companies to invest in local manufacturing. It wants gross value added (GVA) in Indian manufacturing industries to reach USD1tn by 2025. Impacts India, Japan and Australia will look for support from South-east Asian countries for their Supply Chain Resilience Initiative. China will initiate more WTO disputes with India over trade barriers. Barriers to Chinese components will disrupt supplies of inputs to Indian manufacturing in the medium term.

scholarly journals Sales range and innovative activity in the manufacturing system of Poland

Equilibrium ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Świadek
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Value Added ◽  
International Market ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
The Government

Research background: In the literature, there is a discussion on the importance of the spatial distance from the user in the context innovation activity. However, most of this kind of studies concentrate on exporting enterprises and compare them to domestic ones. Exporting activity is very important for catching-up countries, because of technology transfer in its background. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to determine whether the innovative activity in Poland’s manufacturing system is a consequence of close interactions (local and regional), or perhaps conditioned by the imperative of functioning on the national and international market. The main hypothesis was that on the current development level of Poland, the relationship between the range of sales and innovation activities are different from those in the more developed countries. Methods: Empirical studies was created in 2006–2012 as a result of the systematic collection of questionnaires filled by manufacturing enterprises in Poland from all regions (5209 correct fulfilled questionnaires). Methodical analysis was based on the theory of probability — probit modeling, because dependent variables were binary (0 or 1). Findings & Value added: Local and regional space is not stimulating innovation activity in opposite to national one. High intensity observed only when the company has been working on the international market. It means that the industry maturity level in Poland is good enough for creating a domestic innovation environment. This kind of an aggregation level should be stimulated by the government innovation policy.

scholarly journals KINERJA RANTAI PASOKAN KOPI ARABIKA JAVA PREANGER DI KABUPATEN SUMEDANG JAWA BARAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3511
Author(s):  
Yayat Ginanjar ◽  
Apiatno Apiatno ◽  
Helles Amanda
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Productivity Improvement ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government

Sumedang District has featured in many commodities from agricultural sector, but in the agricultural sector there are still many problems, especially coffee. The problem of slow development of the agricultural sector can be seen from the main problems faced by farmers, that in the limitations of managed agricultural land and the status of farmers mostly only farmworkers.Taking into account the problems in the commodity, in improving the competitiveness of a business requires information from the flow of products. Descriptive qualitative methods are selected by researchers, this is to describe the results of research from the supply chain and its value-added analysis. From the results of the research, there are still obstacles faced by business estimators in every supply chain activity, especially in the provision of agro input and cultivation processes that have not supported productivity improvement, limited processing tools, and marketing that has not been integrated between businesses so that its competitiveness is not optimal. Directional and integrative policy is needed from the government to support the coffee business climate in order KAJP East Manglayang can be a featured commodity that can boost people's economic activities, that government policy will determine the productivity of agriculture in the field of coffee. Keywords : cofee, value-added, supply chain

scholarly journals Assessment of the influence of innovative digital transformation of the coal industry of Russia to the labor markets of mining industrial territories

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
A.A. Rozhkov ◽  
I.S. Solovenko ◽  
S.V. Besfamilnaya ◽  
S.M. Karpenko
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Digital Development ◽  
Predictive Assessment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Mining Regions

Based on official statistics, the article provides an assessment of the current level of aggregate innovation activity in country and regional comparisons, analyzes the state of the innovation environment in the industry and labor markets in mining regions with coal specialization. The conclusion is made about the extremely low innovative activity of the personnel potential of organizations for the extraction and processing of coal at the present stage. A predictive assessment of the release of coal industry personnel in the main mining regions is given, taking into account the achievement by coal mining enterprises of the predicted levels of coal production and labor productivity under the scenarios of innovative digital development in accordance with the "Program for the Development of the Russian Coal Industry for the Period up to 2035" approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. Conceptual approaches to the innovative digital transformation of the Russian coal industry and priority measures to ensure social stability in the industry and in mining areas, including the intensification of outsourcing processes, personnel training, etc., are proposed.

scholarly journals The Consequences of Indirect Taxation on Consumption in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Cordelia Onyinyechi Omodero
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Indirect Taxation ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Indirect Taxes ◽  
Causality Tests ◽  
The Government ◽  
Excise Duties

This research tests the consequences of Nigeria’s indirect taxes on consumption. There are two reasons why the government imposes taxes on goods and services in Nigeria. The primary purpose is to produce income for the smooth running of the administration. Another silent reason is to discourage the ingestion of prohibited products and services, and that is through customs and excise duties (CED). This study assesses both Value Added Tax (VAT) and CED to determine their effects on consumption using various econometric tools, such as trend analysis, pairwise Granger causality tests, unrestricted co-integration rank test, least squares technique, and data that cover the period from 2005 to 2019. The results indicate that VAT insignificantly but positively influences consumption, while CED has a considerable auspicious influence on use. This result shows that VAT imposition on merchandises and services is discouraging the absorption of specific foodstuffs and services and allowing the operation of informal economic activities to thrive in Nigeria. However, CED charges do not reduce the use of certain illegal products purposely taxed to discourage their consumption. This study recommends a reduction in the prices of food items and services to enable consumers to increase their patronage, while the products that attract CED but are harmful should be banned entirely. Thus, offenders should be allowed to face the wrath of the law.

scholarly journals ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ТА ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЗРОСТАННЯ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНОЇ КАПІТАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРОМИСЛОВИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ УКРАЇНИ

2020 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Оксана Володимирівна Мельник
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Operating Income ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Government ◽  
Technological Capital ◽  
Product Sales

The article presents the results of the evaluation of fundamental capitalization of domestic industrial enterprises as well as the analysis of the key factors in its calculation, suggesting basic pathways to ensure growth of financial and economic outcomes in capital formation. Fundamental capitalization refers to the fundamental amount of capital, and the calculations are performed using the residual operating income concept (ReOI-model). However, despite the increasing dynamics of fundamental capitalization of industrial enterprises, the value added trends during 2010-2018 turned negative which has been underpinned in the first place by low competitiveness of domestic industrial products (directly affecting the spread of sales profitability and product sales volumes which are the key factors that drive value creation. It is argued that the main reason for the above negative trend is weak innovation activity of industrial enterprises in Ukraine. Critical dependence of competitiveness upon the technological level of development of modern enterprises triggers the need to implement a consistent industrial policy in Ukraine based on the concept of neo-industrialization which implies the transition to a new technological mode through boosting technological, managerial and product innovations. The implementation of the neo-industrialization concept in Ukrainian realia can also be carried out by exploring and copying foreign technology and become a major source of economic growth for industrial enterprises as well as a method to reduce the gap with high-tech international companies. The basic premises to entry into the domestic business space of technological capital in the form of foreign direct investment assume the creation of favorable investment environment, the source and guarantor of which should be the government. It is argued that the roots of economic growth of industrial enterprises are embedded directly inside the companies, thus following the principles of "smart organizations" will contribute to gaining the desired performance and the outcomes that ultimately affect the fundamental capitalization of industrial business.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor Untuk Meningkatkan Penerimaan Pajak Pertambahan Nilai Di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-145
Author(s):  
Setiadi Alim Lim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
The Government

In the current era of the economic crisis caused by the Covid-19 virus pandemic, the performance of tax revenues worldwide is declining. Indonesia's tax revenues in 2020 experienced a significant decline, including Value Added Tax receipts which decreased by 14.89% compared to 2019. This study shows that in the current situation there are factors that support and hinder the increase in Value Added Tax revenues. Factors that support the increase in Value Added Tax revenue include: an increase in the fiscal deficit, a decrease in imports, a longstanding Value Added Tax, and the efficiency of tax administration by the government. Meanwhile, the factors that hindered the increase in Value Added Tax revenue were: negative Gross Domestic Product growth, decreased service consumption, decreased C-Value Added Tax efficiency. To increase the value added tax revenue, it is better not to increase the Value Added Tax rate, because most countries in ASEAN use a tariff of 10% or less, except in the Philippines where the rate is 12%. If the rate of Value Added Tax is still increased, the maximum is not more than 12%, and it is temporary in nature for now and will be returned to the original rate or lower after the economic crisis era has passed. Expansion of the object of Value Added Tax can be done, among others, by reducing goods and services that are exempt from the imposition of Value Added Tax, which are facilities freed, are not collected, and are borne by the government. If there is an expansion of the object of the imposition of Value Added Tax, then it should be done very selectively and not to be counterproductive by still giving exceptions to basic necessities that are needed by the community and services that have social objectives or based on international rules are exempt from being imposed. It is also hoped that the reduction in the number of exempt goods and services will not interfere with the economic activities of the community, let alone cause unrest in the  community. 

scholarly journals A model for assessing the commercial potential of high technologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaida Zemlickienė ◽  
Raimonda Bublienė ◽  
Artūras Jakubavičius
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Technology Commercialization ◽  
Commercial Potential ◽  
Methodical Basis ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Technologies

Research background: technology development and its application for human activities — R&D — have been recognized as the basis of economic performance, a source of technological solutions and of high value-added supply both in scientific literature as well as in the strategic documents of the Government and international organizations. In order to ensure the harmonious activity of the institutions engaged in R&D and to reduce the uncertainty of the commercialization of technologies, an advanced tool for verifying decisions on technology development at early stages of commercialization, i.e. an instrument for assessing the commercial potential of technology, is needed. Over the last decade, the analysis of the tools on a global scale led to the unequivocal conclusion — so far developed methodical basis has suffered from lack of maturity for its practical use in business, a need for assessing commercial potential at an early stage of technology commercialization has been ignored, and the assessment of commercial potential has not considered the specificity of high technology. Purpose of the article: This article discusses in detail the preparation and application pro-cesses of the model for assessment the commercial potential of high technologies. Methods: in the model the multiple criteria method is applied the selection of which was determined by the motive related to the goal of assessment — assess the commercial potential of high technologies. Findings & Value added: The essence of scientific novelty embraces the creation of a qualitatively new, original, science-based model for assessing the commercial potential of technologies thus flexibly applying it to assessing different levels of technologies. The original model is based on: the focus on the specificity of high technologies in assessment the commercial potential of technologies; the focus on the early stage of technology commercialization by assessing the commercial potential of technologies; flexibility in the application of the model taking into account the technological level, legal status, opportunity to assess the commercial potential of technologies in different countries and institutions; mathematical calculations based on assessing commercial potential.

scholarly journals Alternative View of Unemployment Issue among Saudi Citizens - Automatization of Local Gas Stations as a Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ahmed Al Yousif
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Jobs

The primary objective of this paper is to propose an alternative solution for unemployment among Saudi youth. This paper seeks to address the problem of unemployment in Saudi Arabia from a different perspective: productivity aspect. Substantially, this paper proposes solutions for the Saudi youth unemployment problem by increasing the non-oil private sector's productivity. It evaluates the macroeconomic gains of the proposed solutions, such as the number of new jobs for Saudi citizens and additional value-added. The research's main hypothesis is that increasing the non-oil private sector's productivity would significantly reduce unemployment among Saudi citizens. There are two methodologies for evaluating the expected economic benefits of increasing productivity in local economic activities. The first methodology, which is the Saudization of local gas stations by transforming the local gas stations into self-service ones (with one cashier every 8 hours for each gas station), finds that there would be more than 28,000 new jobs with reasonable salaries (at least SAR 3000 instead of SAR 1000 for at least 5 low-skilled foreign laborers) for unemployed Saudi citizens, which are socially accepted and at no additional cost to the government. The second methodology uses Leontief’s IO model to estimate the macroeconomic effects of increasing productivity in the non-oil private sector. It finds that the Saudi gross domestic product (GDP) is expected to record an additional growth rate of around 2.7 percentage points (Note 1) and to create more than 96,000 sustainable jobs for Saudi citizens within the period from 2021 to 2025.

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