scholarly journals Evaluation of silymarin and berberine efficiencies in the self-emulsifying drug delivery systemin paracetamol-induced experimental toxic liver injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 713-722
Author(s):  
I. P. Sutsko ◽  
A. G. Shlyahtun ◽  
A. V. Titko ◽  
N. V. Yankevich ◽  
A. V. Kolodko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Thioredoxin Reductase ◽  
The Self ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Significant Extent ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Toxic Liver Damage ◽  
Individual Actions ◽  
Toxic Liver Injury ◽  
Alcohol Ethyl

The hepatoprotective properties of the silymarin and the plant alkaloid berberine combinationin experimental paracetamol-inducedliver damage were studied. Silymarin was obtained from milk thistle seeds. The conditions for extraction of flavonolignans (silymarin) were optimized. 70 % ethyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and water were used as extractants. It was shown that the optimal conditions for the extraction of flavonolignans in order to obtain the maximum yield of flavonolignans were alcohol extraction in a Soxhlet apparatus. The experiment showed that the combined of silymarin and berberine was greater than their individual actions, which most effectively permitted stabilization of hepatocyte membranes and prevented altering their integrity in paracetamol-induced toxic liver damage. The self-emulsifying system with silymarin and berberine to a greater extent a significant extent prevented dystrophic changes in hepatocytes and necrosis in liver tissue, reduced hyperfermentemia in rat blood serum, prevented disturbance in the activity of thioredoxin reductase and enzymes of the glutathione antioxidant system and there by more effectively prevented hepatocyte functional impairment.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective action of the self-emulsifying system with berberine in experimental toxic liver injury by acetaminofen

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
I. P. Sutsko ◽  
A. G. Shlyahtun ◽  
O. V. Titko ◽  
N. V. Yankevich ◽  
P. G. Telegin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
The Self ◽  
Sulfhydryl Groups ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Toxic Liver Damage ◽  
Toxic Liver Injury

The hepatoprotective effect of the self-emulsifying composition with berberine was studied in the model of toxic liver damage in rats with acetaminophen and its hepatoprotective properties were analyzed in comparison with the use of berberine in free form. The course introduction of self-emulsifying composition with berberine before intoxication of rats with acetaminophen to a greater extent inhibits the development of cytolysis of hepatocytes, and also promotes the enhancement of the glutathione unit of the antioxidant system, increasing the content of total and free sulfhydryl groups, compared with the introduction of free berberine in animals.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZING THE PROCESS OF TRANSFORMING COFFEE HUSKS INTO BIOCHAR BY MEANS OF HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4B) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Tran Thi Hien
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Coffee Husk ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Composite Face ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Water Ratio

The conditions of the hydrothermal carbonization process to produce biochar from coffee husk will be optimized for maximum yield. Besides, response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite face-centered (CCF) method will be used in designing experiments. Also, the optimal value of factors such as temperature, time and biomass: water ratio which can provide a maximum yield of biochar will be worked out using Modde 5.0. As a result, the optimal conditions for maximum yield of biochar was obtained as temperature of 180 oC, 3.5 h and biomass: water ratio of 15 %. It can also be concluded that temperature has greater impact on the transformation of biochar than time and biomass: water ratio.

Study on optimization of mechanical peeling for sweet potato

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
P Vithu ◽  
Sanjaya K. Dash ◽  
Kalpana Rayaguru ◽  
Uma Sankar Pal
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Rotating Disc ◽  
Minimum Loss ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Commercial Processing

The aim of this research work was to optimize the machine parameters of a commercially available tuber peeler for peeling of sweet potato to get maximum yield with minimum loss. The process was proposed for different parameters such as peeling efficiency, material loss and peeling effectiveness at different speeds of rotating disc (300, 400 and 500 rev/min or 5.4, 7.2 and 9 m/s), peeling durations (20, 40 and 60 s) and batch loads of 1 and 2 kg. The study revealed that the peeling parameters were greatly influenced by the speed of rotating disc, peeling duration and batch loads. The optimal conditions for peeling sweet potato were a peeling duration of 40 s and speed of rotating disc of 500 rev/min 2 kg batch loads. The corresponding peeling efficiency, peeling effectiveness and material loss were 83.8±2.0%, 74.2±1.3% and 11.45±0.71%, respectively. Further, the study showed that a batch load of 2 kg was suitable for commercial processing of sweet potato than 1 kg because of the better performance indices of peeling.

scholarly journals Response Surface Optimization of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Tea Polyphenols from Green Tea Scraps

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weifang Wang ◽  
Sai Han ◽  
Xianjun Zha ◽  
Jiangrui Cheng ◽  
Junying Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Tea Polyphenols ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Key Factors

Abstract Background: The green tea scraps are the waste materials during the process of green tea production, and it is significant to extractvaluable tea polyphenols (TP) for reuse. Objective: The objective of this study was to extract valuable TP from green tea scraps, and the extraction conditions were optimized to obtain maximum yield of TP. Methods: The TPwere extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) with 65% (v/v) aqueous ethanol solution as cosolvent. The content of TP was determinedwith the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The key factors ofthe extraction process, including temperature (313.15–323.15 K), pressure (20–30 Mpa), and amount of cosolvent (50–150 mL) were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Results: These key factors showed the extremely complex effects on the extraction yield of TP. A second-order polynomial mathematical modelwasdeveloped for the response with high R-squared value (R2 = 0.9946) and used to predict the optimal conditions (i.e., temperature of 322.15 K, pressure of 23.60MPa, and amount of cosolvent of 150 mL). The verification experiments showed that the maximum yield ofTP was 23.07 ± 0.82% under the optimal conditions, which was in good agreement with the predicted value. Conclusions: TP can be successfully extracted from green tea scraps by SC-CO2, and RSM could be used to optimize the extraction process. Highlights: SC-CO2 extraction of TP from green tea scraps was developed. The operating conditions, including pressure, temperature, and amount of cosolvent, were optimized. RSM could successfully predict the optimal operating conditions.

scholarly journals Saffron Processing Wastes as a Bioresource of High-Value Added Compounds: Development of a Green Extraction Process for Polyphenol Recovery Using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achillia Lakka ◽  
Spyros Grigorakis ◽  
Ioanna Karageorgou ◽  
Georgia Batra ◽  
Olga Kaltsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent

The current investigation was undertaken to examine saffron processing waste (SPW) as a bioresource, which could be valorized to produce extracts rich in antioxidant polyphenols, using a green, natural deep eutectic solvent (DES). Initially, there was an appraisal of the molar ratio of hydrogen bond donor/hydrogen bond acceptor in order to come up with the most efficient DES composed of L-lactic acid/glycine (5:1). The following step was the optimization of the extraction process using response surface methodology. The optimal conditions thus determined were a DES concentration of 55% (w/v), a liquid-to-solid ratio of 60 mL g−1, and a stirring speed of 800 rounds per minute. Under these conditions, the extraction yield in total polyphenols achieved was 132.43 ± 10.63 mg gallic acid equivalents per g of dry mass. The temperature assay performed within a range of 23 to 80 °C, suggested that extracts displayed maximum yield and antioxidant activity at 50–60 °C. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the SPW extract obtained under optimal conditions showed that the predominant flavonol was kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside and the major anthocyanin delphinidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside. The results indicated that SPW extraction with the DES used is a green and efficient methodology and may afford extracts rich flavonols and anthocyanins, which are considered to be powerful antioxidants.

scholarly journals Bioactive Components from Flowers of Sesbania grandiflora L.: Extraction and Optimization Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
S. Sujithra
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Plant based extracts are attractive sources of nutraceutical which have been shown to produce promising results in the treatment of curing many diseases and disorders. Sesbania grandiflora Linn is one such plant commonly known as Agathi belongs to the family, Fabaceae native to tropical region that has been used medicinally for centuries. The present study deals with bioactive components extraction from the flowers of Sesbania grandiflora using different solvents namely ethanol, methanol, petroleum ether, acetone, and n-hexane using soxhlet apparatus. Response surface methodology is applied to optimize the extraction process of bioactive components from Sesbania grandiflora flower. The effect of process parameters such as temperature (40 0C to 600C), time (8hr to 10hr) and the quantity of sample (10gm to 20gm) on extraction yield was studied. Among the five solvents used in the study, a maximum yield 9.95% was found when ethanol is used. Phytochemical constituents of the extract were analyzed using phytochemical screening methods. The extraction yield is optimized for different process variables using design of experiments.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Performance and Emission Characteristics of Compression Ignition Engine using Biodiesel and Microemulsion Based Bio Fuel Derived from Grape-seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Chandanpreet Singh ◽  
Sandeep Singh ◽  
A. K. Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Grape Seeds ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Grape Seed Oil

Rapid declining of fossil fuel resources has generated awareness towards the development of various alternates to the conventional fuel resources. Grapes being grown worldwide, with India have the potential of making up a good feedstock. Grape-seed oil from grape-seeds was extracted with the aid of Soxhlet apparatus with a maximum yield of 18%. In Biodiesel making, the viscosity of feedstock oil was reduced in a single step transesterification process. Bio Fuel prepared by microemulsification process named as Microemulsion Based Bio Fuel (MBBF). An addition of 1% 2- Ethylhexyl nitrate was done in MBBF to study its effect in comparison to MBBF itself. In this present work, the Performance and Emission characteristics of a CI engine fuelled with 4 fuels (B20, B100, MBBF and MBBF1%) were evaluated. The performance parameters studied include Brake Thermal Efficiency, Brake Power and Brake Specific Fuel Consumption, whereas Emissions parameters include Oxides of Nitrogen, Hydrocarbons, Carbon monoxide and Carbon dioxide. The results obtained in the experiment were compared with values of Petrodiesel. Major improvements had been observed in the performance parameters of the engine as well as exhaust emissions. It was concluded that B20 fuel amongst all the Bio Fuels acted as the best alternate fuel.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF PHYSICO-TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS’ INFLUENCE ON THE OUTPUT OF LIPOPHILIC SUB-STANCES FROM MEDICINAL PLANT MATERIALS

2019 ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Aleksandrovna Degtyareva ◽  
Liliya Ivanovna Vyshnevska ◽  
Svetlana Vasil'yevna Garnaya ◽  
Ekaterina Aleksandrovna Kalko
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Lipophilic Compounds ◽  
Technological Factors ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Lipophilic Substances

Currently, the lipophilic fractions of well-known medicinal plants are still understudied despite of contains of unique groups of BAS (chlorophylls, carotenoids, tocopherols, sterols, unsaturated fatty acids, phospholipids, etc.), what is the actual task of modern pharmaceutical science. The aim of our work was to perform experimental studies for the choice of optimal conditions of the extraction of lipophilic compounds from the meal of pumpkin pulp. Extraction of lipophilic substances from the meal of pumpkin pulp was carried out in laboratory conditions in the Soxhlet apparatus by the method of circulation extraction. The weight loss on drying, the content of extractive lipophilic substances and the amount of carotenoids (in terms of β-carotene) were determined by compendial procedures. According to the results of the experimental work, the optimum humidity (not more than 7%) and drying temperature (+ 60 °C) of pumpkin pulp meal containing carotenoids were established. The obtained data are necessary for the development of technology of lipophilic pumpkin extract.

scholarly journals Production of bio-diesel from Pithraj (Aphanamixis polystachya) seed oil

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Banik ◽  
MA Rouf ◽  
M Khanam ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
T Rabeya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extraction ◽  
Ether Extraction ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

The Pithraj seed has been collected from Gazipur district, Bangladesh. The oil from the seed was extracted by using Soxhlet apparatus using petroleum ether extraction method. Maximum yield of oil was found to be 50 % when the process was carried out for 2.5 hours. The physicochemical properties of the extracted oil were studied. The properties of the oil reveal that the oil corresponds to diesel except acid value and sulphur content. The optimum conditions of the transesterification of the oil was 40% ethanol and 0.45% KOH at 75 0C for 1.5 hours. The optimum yield was more than 95 %.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 50(2), 135-142, 2015

scholarly journals Isolation and Study of Abies Bark Proanthocyanidins

2019 ◽  
pp. 604-613
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Levdansky ◽  
Alexander A. Kondrasenko ◽  
Alexander V.; Levdansky ◽  
Maxim A. Lutoshkin
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
13C Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Ethanol Medium ◽  
First Time ◽  
Water Alcohol Solutions ◽  
Water Alcohol

The process of proanthocyanidins isolation from abies bark by water and water-alcohol solutions containing 5, 10, 15 and 20 % ethanol was studied for the first time. The optimal conditions providing the maximum yield of proanthocyanidins were determined experimentally. It was shown that the use of 15-20 % water-alcohol solutions allows to increase the yield of proanthocyanidins from 0.33 to 0.38 %. The composition of the obtained proanthocyanidins was studied by UV, IR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The obtained proanthocyanidins were transformed into colored anthocyanidins in ethanol medium in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The flavonoids cyanidin and delphinidin were isolated and identified. It was established that the obtained proanthocyanidins mainly consist of procyanidin and prodelphinidin. It was shown that proanthocyanidins obtained from abies bark, in contrast to the proanthocyanidins isolated from pine bark described in the literature, contain gallic acid residues, which is typical for proanthocyanidins isolated from various types of tea

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