scholarly journals Pengembangan Metode Pengusangan Cepat Kimia pada Benih Pepaya (Carica papaya L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Tri Ayu Pratiwi ◽  
Muhamad Rahmad Suhartanto ◽  
Abdul Qadir

Indonesia needs quality improvement for papaya fruits to increase its exportquantity and value. Seed quality is one that affect quality of fruits. Estimation of vigor storability is necessary for maintaining seed quality. Chemical accelerated aging method using ethanol has several advantages in predicting vigor storabilityof seeds. Seed aging (devigoration) during the aging process affected by soaking duration and aging duration. This research aims to determine the optimum soaking duration dan aging duration for chemical accelerated aging on papaya seed. This research consists of two experiments. Experiment 1 is determination of aging duration with treatment 0, 1x30, 2x30, 3x30, and 4x30 minutes aging. Experiment 2 is determination of soaking duration with treatment 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours soaking. Experiment 1 showed that aging duration 48 minutes can reduce 50% germination of Callina papaya seed. Experiment 2 showed that the optimum soaking duration is 48 hours. This method produces germination before aging 77.1% and after aging 38.4% with angle of regression line 38.9° and moisture content about 64-66%.Keywords: callina, devigoration, ethanol, germination, soaking duration

Revista CERES ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
Cristiane Fortes Gris ◽  
Edila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽  
Maria Laene de Moreira Carvalho ◽  
Rafael Parreira Diniz ◽  
Thaís de Andrade

Differences in levels of lignin in the plant between conventional and transgenic cultivars RR has been reported by several authors, however, there are few studies evaluating the influence of spraying of glyphosate on the lignin in the plant and RR soybean seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of RR transgenic soybean seeds and the lignin contents of plants sprayed with the herbicide glyphosate. The assays were conducted both in greenhouse and field in the municipality of Lavras, MG, in the agricultural year 2007/08. The experiment was arranged in a splitplot design with four replicates, considering the treatments hand weeding and herbicide glyphosate as plots, and five RR soybean cultivars (BRS 245 RR, BRS 247 RR, Valiosa RR, Silvânia RR and Baliza RR) as splitplots. In the greenhouse, the cultivars tested were BRS 245 RR and Valiosa RR in a randomized block design with four replicates. The sprayings were carried out at stages V3, V7 and early R5 (3L/ha). The 1000 seed weight, mechanical injury, germination and germination velocity index, emergence velocity index, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and water soaking seed test, lignin content in the seed coat, in the stem and legumes were determined. The spraying of glyphosate herbicide, in greenhouse and field, did not alter the physiological quality of seeds and the lignin contents in the plant.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Dyah Priandini ◽  
Muhamad Rahmad Suhartanto ◽  
Abdul Qadir

Development of papaya fruit production is influenced by the availability of seed quality. High seed quality is maintained during seed storage. Estimation of vigor in relation to storability can be detected by accelerated aging test. This research aims to develop physicall accelerated aging test by, 1)determine the impact of physical accelerated aging on vigor and viability parameters on papaya seed variety Callina and Sukma, 2) determine the levels of seed moisture content and effective period of physicall accelerated aging to predict vigor of papaya seed. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology and Green House Leuwikopo, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB in January-May 2016 using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Seeds aged by the aging equipment MPC IPB 77-1 MMM. The results showed that the aging time decreased germination value in papaya seed variety Callina and Sukma with equation y=-0.1389x3+3.3333x2–25.25x+81.5 and y=0.0171x3+0.2028x2-9.9956x+81.095. Effective imbibition is 96 hour with moisture content 63-70% in both varieties. The effective of aging time treatment at 0x4, 1x4, 2x4, 3x4, dan 4x4 minutes.Keywords:imbibition, moisture content, viability, vigor


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Astryani Rosyad ◽  
M. Rahmad Suhartanto ◽  
Abdul Qadir

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Information of seed quality during storage can be determined through the actual storage and storability vigor estimation. This study aimed at comparing effective accelerated aging method<br />between physical and chemical, and studying the seed deterioration during storage in ambient (T =28-30 0C, RH=75-78%) and AC (T =18-20 0C, RH =51-60%) condition with three levels of initial moisture content (8-10%, 10-12%, and 12-14%) for 20 weeks. The final objective of this research<br />was to develop model for storability vigor of papaya seed. Two experiments, accelerated aging and seed storage were conducted at Seed Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University from October 2015 to May 2016. A completely randomized design with nested factors and four replications was applied to both experiments. The results showed that physical accelerated aging using IPB 77-1 MMM machine was more effective than chemical accelerated aging using IPB 77-1 MM machine for papaya seed. The viability of seed stored in AC condition remained high until the end of the storage period, whereas it declined at 16 week storage period in the ambient condition. The viability of seed with initial moisture content of 12-14% declined faster than that of initial moisture content of 8-10% after 18 week storage periode. The model used to estimate the storability vigor of papaya seed accurately was the equation y = a + b expcx where y : storability vigor estimation, x : aging time and a,b,c : constant value. Simulation of storability vigor estimation with constant value of a, b, c and input of aging time can estimate storability seed vigor in actual storage.<br />Keywords: accelerated aging, IPB 77-1 MM machine, IPB 77-1 MMM machine, seed storage, simulation</p><p>ABSTRAK<br />Informasi mutu benih selama penyimpanan dapat diketahui melalui penyimpanan secara aktual dan pendugaan vigor daya simpan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan metode<br />pengusangan cepat yang efektif antara fisik dengan kimia serta mempelajari pola penurunan viabilitas benih selama penyimpanan aktual pada kondisi simpan kamar (suhu =28-30 0C, RH =75-78%) dan AC (suhu =18-20 0C, RH =51-60%) dengan tiga tingkat kadar air awal (8-10%, 10-12%, dan 12-14%) selama 20 minggu. Tujuan akhirnya adalah membangun model vigor daya simpan benih pepaya. Penelitian pengusangan cepat dan penyimpanan dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2015 sampai Mei 2016 di Laboratorium Benih, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Institut Pertanian<br />Bogor. Kedua penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap tersarang dengan empat ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengusangan cepat secara fisik dengan alat IPB 77-1 MMM lebih efektif daripada pengusangan kimia dengan alat IPB 77-1 MM untuk benih pepaya. Viabilitas benih yang disimpan pada kondisi AC tetap tinggi hingga akhir periode simpan, sedangkan pada kondisi kamar penurunan viabilitas dimulai pada periode simpan 16 minggu. Benih yang disimpan dengan tingkat KA awal sebesar 12-14% lebih cepat mengalami penurunan viabilitas mulai periode simpan 18 minggu dibandingkan dengan benih dengan KA awal 8-10%. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan terdapat korelasi yang erat antara pola kemunduran benih pada pengusangan cepat dan penyimpanan aktual, sehingga model pendugaan vigor daya simpan (y) berdasarkan waktu pengusangan (x) dapat disusun dengan persamaan y = a + b expcx. Simulasi pendugaan vigor daya simpan dengan nilai konstanta a, b, dan c serta input waktu pengusangan dapat menduga vigor daya simpan benih selama penyimpanan aktual.<br />Kata kunci: alat IPB 77-1 MM, alat IPB 77-1 MMM, pengusangan cepat, penyimpanan benih,<br />simulasi</p>


2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kaewnaree ◽  
S. Vichitphan ◽  
P. Klanrit ◽  
B. SIRI ◽  
K. Vichitphan

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacson Zuchi ◽  
José de Barros França-Neto ◽  
Carlos Sigueyuki Sediyama ◽  
Adílio Flauzino de Lacerda Filho ◽  
Múcio Silva Reis

Storage is an important step in the production of soybean seeds, mainly in tropical regions, where high temperatures can drastically reduce seed quality. The storage at cooler temperatures may be a feasible alternative to preserve seed quality during storage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds artificially cooled by a dynamic process and stored in an environment, with non controlled temperature and relativity humidity. Two seed lots of cultivars Monsoy 8757, TMG 115 RR and BRS Valiosa RR were used. After processing and during packaging the seeds were cooled to 18 ºC by a dynamic process. Seed samples were collected after 0, 60 and 120 days of storage, using the following parameters germination, accelerated aging, seedling emergence in sand, speed of emergence index, electrical conductivity, tetrazolium and seed health. Although soybean seeds artificially cooled by the dynamic method may have slightly superior performance in maintaining physiological quality during storage in non-refrigerated warehouse, for lots of high physiological quality, these advantages are not observed.


2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleisson Dener da Silva ◽  
Andréia Márcia Santos de Souza David ◽  
Josiane Cantuária Figueiredo ◽  
Jorge Luiz Rodrigues Barbosa ◽  
Rayane Aguiar Alves

ABSTRACT To obtain seeds of high physiological quality, it is of paramount importance to define the ideal harvest moment, which oftentimes corresponds to the period when the physiological maturity is reached. This experiment aimed to study the maturation process and determine the best harvest season of maroon cucumber fruits (Liso Gibão cultivar), in order to reach the maximum physiological seed quality. The flowers were labeled during the anthesis and the fruits harvested at 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 days after the anthesis (DAA). The fruits had their visual aspects registered by photography analysis and, later, the seeds were extracted for physical (water and dry matter contents) and physiological (germination, seedling emergence, emergence speed index, accelerated aging and electrical conductivity) analyses. It was observed that the seeds reach the maximum dry mass (8.08 mg seed-1) between 47 and 49 DAA. However, the seed physiological maturity, characterized by a maximum germination (70 %) and vigor, occurs at 56 DDA. The best season to harvest seeds with a higher physiological quality takes place from 49 to 56 DDA, when the fruits present a yellowish color.


2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
Hellismar Wakson da Silva ◽  
João Almir Oliveira ◽  
Lucinda Helena Fragoso Monfort ◽  
Jodson Moraes dos Santos ◽  
Ana Clara Reis Trancoso ◽  
...  

Abstract: Harvesting and drying are essential procedures to obtain high quality seeds as well as for their conservation during storage. The goal of this research was to identify the physiological maturity stage and to verify the effect of drying speeds on the quality of zucchini seeds. A completely randomized design in a 3x2x2 factor scheme was used, involving three fruit maturation stages (49, 56 and 63 days after anthesis - DAA), two drying speeds (slow and quick) and two storage periods (0 and 6 months). Seed quality was evaluated by germination, first count, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, tetrazolium, seedling emergence, emergence speed index and seed health test. Moisture content, thousand seed mass and percentage full seeds were also evaluated. Zucchini seeds reach maximum quality at 49 DAA. Slow or quick drying and storage do not affect the physiological quality of seeds that were harvested at 49 DAA. The delayed harvest of fruits reduces the quality of seeds. Quick drying reduces the incidence of the fungi Alternaria, Cladosporium, Phoma and Fusarium, and increases the occurrence of Aspergillus and Penicillium.


2020 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Mayra Pereira Silva ◽  
Amanda Ribeiro Correa ◽  
Cárita Rodrigues de Aquino Arantes ◽  
Rosiane Alexandre Pena Guimarães ◽  
Maria de Fátima Barbosa Coelho ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of timbó seed coat on the physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds. Timbó seeds were collected from mature fruits in the Cerrado. The external layer of the seed coat was removed and crushed in a mill and used in the treatment of soybean seeds. Three lots of soybean seeds were used, from high, medium and low vigor seeds. The treatments were: powder; gel; hydroalcoholic extract; synthetic fungicide (Vitavax® - Thiram 200 sc), and untreated seeds. The physiological quality of the soybean seeds was determined by standard germination, accelerated aging, length, fresh and dry mass of seedlings. Blotter test was used to determine the sanitary quality. The statistical analyze used was a completely randomized 3 × 5 factorial design, considering three seed lots and five treatments. Treatment with the coat seed extract and gel improves the physiological quality of soybean seeds from low vigor lots. The treatment of seeds with gel decreases the incidence of Fusarium and Penicillium genus; and treatment with the powder reduced the incidence of the Cercospora genus.


2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e44398
Author(s):  
Wellytton Darci Quequeto ◽  
Valdiney Cambuy Siqueira ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Domingues Nazario ◽  
Maria Heloisa Junqueira ◽  
Vanderleia Schoeninger ◽  
...  

With the depletion of fossil fuel resources accelerating the search for renewable energy sources, studies on agricultural products containing a significant amount of oil in their compositions have intensified. The objective of this work was to investigate the fatty acid profile and the physiological quality of the oil extracted from niger seeds dried at different temperatures. The seeds were dried at 40, 50, 60, and 70°C, until their moisture content reached 8.5 ± 1% (wet basis). The physiological properties of niger seeds were determined by assessing their germination, germination speed index, mean germination time, cold test, accelerated aging with a saturated solution, emergence percentage, and emergence speed index. The quality of the oil was evaluated using gas chromatography, based on the fatty acid profile. We concluded that drying air temperatures of 40 and 50°C did not compromise the physiological quality of niger seeds. However, the 70°C drying temperature seriously impaired seed quality. The drying temperatures that were used in this study did not substantially alter the fatty acid profile of niger oil.


2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
Renan Canzi Comin ◽  
Geri Eduardo Meneghello ◽  
Jader Job Franco ◽  
Alexandre Moscarelli Levien ◽  
Kassiana Kehl ◽  
...  

The use of high quality soybean seeds (Glycine maxL.) is one of the most important aspects to obtain satisfactory productivity indexes. The desiccation practice is an important idea of the producers to anticipate theharvest and to minimize the rapiddeterioration of seed quality in the field. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the use of desiccants applied in R7stageon the physiological quality of soybean seeds.The experiment was conducted in experimental area, located in the city of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul. Four soybean cultivars (FPS Jupiter RR, FPS Paranapanema RR, BRS Tordilha RR and FPS Urano RR) were planted under experimental design, managed according to technical recommendations for the crop.Upon reaching the R7 stage, different desiccation treatments (without desiccation, paraquat, diquat and glufosinate ammonium) were applied to the subplot.The seeds were harvested with a plot harvester and the weight of one thousand seeds, germination test and accelerated aging test were evaluated, being the last two evaluated at 30 and 180 days after harvest. The pre-harvest desiccation at the R7 stage of soybean cultivation did not negatively affect the physiological quality of the seeds and, generally way, for the cultivars FPS Jupiter RR and FPS Urano RR, it was possible to obtain more vigorous seeds at 30 DAC. Under the conditions under which the experiment was conducted, the diquat, paraquat and glufosinate ammonium herbicides can be used for pre-harvest desiccation in the seed production fields.


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