scholarly journals The Influence of Environmental Factors on the Activity and Propolis Production of Tetragonula laeviceps

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
H. Salatnaya ◽  
W. D. Widodo ◽  
Winarno ◽  
A. M. Fuah
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Stingless Bees ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Favourable Environment

The Environment is one of the factors influencing the development and productivity of the bee colony. Favourable environment will significantly support bee productivity. The factors which influence the bees activity include temperature, humidity, light intensity, wind speed, rainfall, and food availability. The aims of this study are to know the influence of environmental factors on activity and propolis production of stingless bees. This study used six colonies of Tetragonula laeviceps into two different locations, monoculture and polyculture nutmeg farm. The method used is a direct observation of the activities and propolis production of stingless bee and analyzed by t-test. The study results of T. laeviceps in monoculture and polyculture farms showed that the activity of the bees was influenced by environmental factors influencing propolis production. The activities would start when the temperatures ranged from 22-23 oC, humidity 70-88%, and light intensity 183-4344 lux. The peak activity of the bees occurred at the temperatures of 26-28 oC, humidity 55-71%, and light intensity 46.875-91.347 lux. The propolis produced by T. laeviceps was 27.79 g in the monoculture farm and 48.80 g in the polyculture farm. The significant difference was predominantly due to the environmental factors.

scholarly journals Hermetia illucens and Hermetia fenestrata (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Colonization of “Spoiled” Stingless Bee Geniotrigona thoracica (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Hives in Malaysia

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 737
Author(s):  
Tania Ivorra ◽  
Martin Hauser ◽  
Van Lun Low ◽  
Jeffery K. Tomberlin ◽  
Natasha Azmi Nur Aliah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stingless Bees ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Bee Colonies

Meliponiculture, the keeping of domesticated stingless bees such as Geniotrigona thoracica (Smith, 1857) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), is an increasingly popular agricultural industry in Malaysia. This study reports the soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) species of the genus Hermetia colonizing stingless bee colonies in Malaysia. The larvae were reared in the laboratory to the adult stage and identified through molecular and morphological approaches. Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758) and Hermetia fenestrata de Meijere, 1904 (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) were identified from the sample provided. Earlier records of stratiomyids in stingless bee nests were misidentified as H. illucens. This paper represents the first identified record of H. fenestrata colonizing a “spoiled” stingless bee colony. In addition, adult and larval morphological differences between both species and the roles of both species in bee nest decomposition are discussed.

scholarly journals Revising the Importance of Factors Pertaining to Student Satisfaction in Higher Education

Organizacija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Jereb ◽  
Janja Jerebic ◽  
Marko Urh
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Satisfaction Factors

AbstractBackground and purpose: Competition among higher education institutions is intensifying and such institutions are increasingly directing efforts towards improving their ranking. In this context, both high-quality programmes and student satisfaction have become major goals of universities. In our study, we tried to identify the importance of various factors influencing student satisfaction in higher education institutions.Design/Methodology/Approach: A paper-and-pencil survey was carried out in the 2017/18 academic year at the University of Maribor in Slovenia. Students were verbally informed of the nature of the research and invited to freely participate. They were assured of anonymity. Mean values and standard deviations of the responses were calculated. Friedman test was conducted to assess which satisfaction factors were a priority for the students. Independent samples t-test was used to examine whether a significant difference exists between specific groups. The correlations between satisfaction factors and selected study variables (age, average grade and readiness to spread information) were tested using Pearson correlation coefficients.Results: The study results revealed that the most important factors influencing student satisfaction were teaching staff, followed by administrative support, programme issues, physical environment, location of the institution, social life and support facilities. Significant differences between the genders were found for two satisfaction criteria, i.e. programme issues and administrative support, both being more important to women than men. We also found that the higher the level of the class, the lower was the importance of the satisfaction factors.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that higher education institutions need to focus efforts on improving the quality of teaching aspects so as to respond to the needs of their students, but also that they should not neglect non-teaching factors, especially regarding the physical environment. With improving these factors institutions can raise students’ satisfaction, gain on the reputation and impact future enrolment.

scholarly journals Diversity of Food Source and Foraging Behavior of Tetragonula laeviceps (Hymenoptera: Meliponini) in Parigi Selatan Sub District

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-184
Author(s):  
Nuraini Nuraini ◽  
Manap Trianto ◽  
Sukmawati Alimudin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Main Activity

Tetragonula laeviceps is a type of stingless bee that is currently widely cultivated in Indonesia due to ability to produce various products that have many uses for human life. Foraging behavior is the main activity of honey bee to fulfill their daily needs. The availability of food source is one of the important factor that influence the foraging behavior of Tetragonula laeviceps. This study aims to determine the diversity of food source and foraging behavior of Tetragonula laeviceps. Observing the diversity of food source through identification of pollen and observing the foraging behavior of the bee. The diversity of pollen found in Parigi Selatan Regency showed that there were 20 families of food sources of Tetragonula laeviceps and the most frequently visited family is Arecaceae. Foraging behavior of Tetragonula laeviceps begins at sunrise until evening. The peak of activity occurs in the morning around 08.30-08.40 WITA and the afternoon around 15.30-15.40 WITA which is related to the availability of food source. Environmental factors (air temperature, humidity, and light intensity) affect the foraging behavior of Tetragonula laeviceps.

scholarly journals Resin Use by Stingless Bees: A Review

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Maggie Shanahan ◽  
Marla Spivak
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Stingless Bees ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tropical Ecosystems ◽  
Social Bees ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Land Use Practices

Stingless bees (Meliponini) are highly social bees that are native to tropical and sub-tropical ecosystems. Resin use is vital to many aspects of stingless bee colony function. Stingless bees use resin to build essential nest structures, repel predators, and kill would-be invaders. Furthermore, resin-derived compounds have been found to enrich the cuticular chemical profiles of many stingless bee species, and resin may play an important role in shaping the microbial communities associated with stingless bees and their nests. Despite its importance for colony function, previous reviews of resin use by stingless bees are lacking. This topic grows increasingly urgent as changes in beekeeping and land use practices occur, potentially diminishing stingless bees’ ability to incorporate resin into the nest environment. In this article, we review existing literature on resin use by stingless bees and discuss potential areas of future research.

scholarly journals Distribution and Morphometrical Variations of Stingless Bees (Apidae: Meliponini) In Urban and Forest Areas of Penang Island, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Suhaila Ab Hamid ◽  
Mohammad Sharifuddin Salleh ◽  
Kumara Thevan ◽  
Nur Aida Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Stingless Bees ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Significant Difference

Stingless bees from four different places in Penang, northern peninsular Malaysia includingUniversiti Sains Malaysia campus(USM), Botanical Garden, Balik Pulau and Teluk Bahang weresampled randomly and identified. A total of six species of stingless bee were successfully recorded; Heterotrigona itama, Lepidotrigona terminata, Tetrigona apicalis, Tetragonula iridipennis, Tetragonula laeviceps, and Tetragonula pagdeni. Heterotrigona itama is the most abundance species in both urban and forest area. Their hive can be found in all study areas. The results showed that Balik Pulau (forest) had the most diverse stingless bee species (5 species) compared to other selected sites. Morphometrical studies comprising fifteen characters of H.itama were measured. There were significant difference for H. itama body length and appendages between samples collected from urban and forest areas. H.itama in forest areas have larger body size compared to those in the urban area. Overall, stingless bees in urban areas was less diverse compared to forest area

scholarly journals ANALYSING THE PRE-COMPETITION ANXIETY AMONG BASKETBALL PLAYERS UNDER EIGHTEEN BASED ON THEIR POSITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (42) ◽  
pp. 289-298
Author(s):  
Teck Hing Yaw ◽  
Pathmanathan Suppiah ◽  
Hasnol Noordin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Main Instrument ◽  
Anxiety Subscale

Psychological factors are some of the factors influencing a player's achievement in basketball tournaments. A survey study was conducted to compare the pre-competition anxiety level based on the players’ positioning among 144 male basketball players who are under 18 years old in Sabah. The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) which was translated into the Malay language was used as the main instrument in this study along with the Kruskal-Wallis Test. The findings indicated that there is no significant difference in the pre-competition anxiety level among the players based on their positioning χ2(2) = 3.742, p = .154 (p> .05). The findings of the cognitive anxiety subscale also were found to be insignificant based on the positioning; χ2(2) = 1.938, p = .380 (p> .05). The somatic anxiety of the pre-competition findings also showed no difference based on the positions of players; χ2(2) = 1.509, p = .470 (p> .05). Moreover, the values for subscale of confidence was also found to be insignificant; χ2(2) = 1.565, p = .457 (p> .05). Therefore, the study found out that the environmental factors play a crucial role in reducing the basketball players’ pre-competition anxiety. The coaches and trainers should consider these environmental factors in improving their players’ pre-competition anxiety, thus allowing them to compete and perform at their best state of mind.

STINGLESS BEE COLONY HEALTH SENSING THROUGH INTEGRATED WIRELESS SYSTEM

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harun, A. ◽  
SK Zaaba ◽  
Kamarudin, L. M. ◽  
A. Zakaria ◽  
Rohani S. Mohamed Farook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stingless Bees ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Colony Loss

Stingless bees are usually common in tropical and subtropical region of the world especially in the tropical dry and humid forest. As stingless bee honey gaining reputation for its medicinal value, stingless bees keeping has been very popular in these regions of the world. In Malaysia, keeping stingless bee has only been very popular only in the last few years. The bee honey industry is a very lucrative industry and in 2013 alone Malaysia imported RM50 million ringgit worth of honey products. Although stingless bee keeping seem to be straight forward, there are a number of issues that could hinder the success. One of the main problems is colony loss which could be attributed to a number of reasons. However, the most important cause for this is stingless bees’ habitat quality. In order to prevent colony loss and honey production impact, an integrated wireless sensing solution is being implemented at stingless bee test-farm to monitor the habitat environmental requirement for healthy and productive colonies. The system consists of sensor structures placed inside and outside of stingless bee hives for monitoring internal and external environmental parameters including hazardous gases. Sensors are connected to wireless sensor networks node places close to the hives and data collected are transmitted to base station wirelessly. A networked of hives with sensor attachment are constructed around the farm to provide sufficient data for comprehensive monitoring. Data from base station are then transmitted to farmer’s mobile device for status update. This integrated system ensures changes to stingless bee hives and colonies development could be monitored real time and necessary steps and actions could be taken to prevent colony or yield loss. In this preliminary implementation comparison between environmental parameters from productive and non-productive hives are looked at especially temperature, humidity, and light intensity data.

scholarly journals Environmental factors influencing Prevention and Control of Schistosomiasis Infection in Mwea, Kirinyaga County Kenya: A cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
Judy Mwai ◽  
Jarim Oduor Omogi ◽  
Mohamed H. Abdi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
And Control

Background: Schistosomiasis remains a major public health problem in Kenya. Environmental factors are critical in creating a medium for growth and spread of schistosomiasis vectors. The study investigated the environmental factors influencing prevention and control of schistosomiasis infection in Mwea West Sub County, Kirinyaga County-Kenya. Methods: A multi stage sampling was used to identify four hundred and sixty-five (465) household. Analytical descriptive cross-sectional design that utilised quantitative data collection method was used. Data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and analysed using Chi square tests or Fisher’s exact tests where applicable. Results: Study results indicated a significant association p<.001 between household level of education, members being affected by floods during the rainy season and schistosomiasis infection. The result further indicates level of significance (p<0.047) in the association between sources of water in a household and schistosomiasis infection. No level of significance was posted between having a temporary water body in the area p (=.072) and schistosomiasis infection. In addition, there was no significant association between proximity to the nearest water source, p=.074 and proximity to the nearest health facility p=0.356 with schistosomiasis infection. Conclusions: The study recommends carefully designing safe water sources in order to match the goal of effectively controlling and reversing the trends of schistosomiasis infections. The community should be made aware of the risk factors of schistosomiasis including water utilised in the household’s alongside raising health seeking behaviours for diagnosis and treatment of schistosomiasis as a way of reducing the spread of infection.

Factors Influencing the Orientation and Rates of Activity of Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

1966 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Dendroctonus Ponderosae ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Factors Influencing

AbstractThe tactic and kinetic responses of adult Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins were studied under varying conditions of light, temperature, humidity, gravity, and with different visual forms. Newly emerged adult Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk. were attracted by high light intensity and utilized spot sources of light and surrounding objects, but not polarized light, for orientation. Flying adults were positively phototactic unless warmed above 35 °C; egg-laying adults were negatively phototactic. High temperatures and light intensities increased the frequency of flights. The beetles were negatively geotropic but this could be masked by the attraction to light. Dark objects on a light background were attractive; the size of the object was important while the shape was not.Temperature influenced orientation to some extent but its influence on rate of activity was far more pronounced; rate of walk followed a linear relationship with temperature. Humidity also affected orientation and rate of walk to some extent, although its effect was usually masked by other environmental factors.

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