scholarly journals Methodologies in Identification, Analysis, and Measurement of Visual Pollution: The Case Study of Intramuros

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Stanley Don Barroga ◽  
Nappy L. Navarra ◽  
Honorio T. Palarca
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
City Image ◽  
Image Rating ◽  
Visual Landscape ◽  
Modern Landscape ◽  
Identification Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of

The problem of visual pollution in the Philippines has been increasingly evident, and people are becoming aware of it. But to create effective solutions, a deep understanding of the problem should first be established. This paper was aimed to identify, analyze, and measure the visual pollution present in Intramuros, a heritage city in the Philippines that encapsulates the Philippine colonial architecture in the 1890s. The site is known for its preservation of its city image but also modern landscape changes. To achieve the goal, the application of the Indirect and Direct Method of Landscape Evaluation was executed. These methods led to two results: (1) the identification of components— which are landscape attributes and indicators, that make up a visual landscape; and (2) the understanding of how it is perceived by the observer through a survey and interviews, which are quantified by ratings. To further understand the relationship of indicators and ratings with each other, a series of correlational studies was done. This resulted to the establishment of Disturbance, Stewardship, and Image Rating as the primary descriptors of visual pollution. A weighted average formula was then established, which quantified the visual pollution of Intramuros through indicator values and response ratings. It was concluded that visual pollution in Intramuros, through research-based methodology, can be identified, analyzed, and measured. Specific viewpoints in the district were identified as unacceptably visually-polluted. Magallanes St. cor. Victoria St. in Intramuros had the highest VP Score at -4.886. Elements that contributed to visual pollution were also identified.

scholarly journals Z aktora kapłan. Od „Króla-Ducha” do „słowiańskiego papieża”

2021 ◽  
Vol XXV (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Klaudia Jeznach
Keyword(s):  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Divine Love ◽  
Friedrich Schlegel ◽  
John Paul Ii ◽  
Romantic Poetry ◽  
Romantic Poet ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article is concerned with the fragmentary nature of Juliusz Słowacki’s poem “Król‑Duch”, its mystical‑Christian dimension and the impact it had on Karol Wojtyła. Openness to infinity and perpetuality of literature is made clear by referring to Friedrich Schlegel and his idea on the endlessness of romantic poetry, as well as to Roland Barthes, who draws attention to the text as a fabric creating a “wonderful image”. “Król‑Duch”, being a work that requires a patient and soulful reader, ready to travel through the labyrinth, is noticed by Karol Wojtyla, who recognizes the poem as a perfect Christian epic. Participation in the Rhapsodic Theater and the change that occurred in the thought of the later pope indicate a deep understanding of the truths hidden in the work. It also proves that a new way of reading – a long conversation with the text, can lead to repentance. The article attempts to prove that literary mysticism, the experience of the relationship of the “I” with God, as well as spiritual activity bring the work of the romantic poet closer to the poetry of Karol Wojtyła, while making John Paul II the next “King‑Spirit”, the Spirit that orients the nation towards the highest levels of Divine Love.

scholarly journals Using ground radar overlaps to verify the retrieval of calibration bias estimates from spaceborne platforms

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Crisologo ◽  
Maik Heistermann
Keyword(s):  
Moving Average ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Radar Observations ◽  
Precipitation Measurement ◽  
Formal Procedure ◽  
Calibration Techniques ◽  
Global Precipitation

Abstract. Many institutions struggle to tap the potential of their large archives of radar reflectivity: these data are often affected by miscalibration, yet the bias is typically unknown and temporally volatile. Still, relative calibration techniques can be used to correct the measurements a posteriori. For that purpose, the usage of spaceborne reflectivity observations from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) platforms has become increasingly popular: the calibration bias of a ground radar is estimated from its average reflectivity difference to the spaceborne radar (SR). Recently, Crisologo et al. (2018) introduced a formal procedure to enhance the reliability of such estimates: each match between SR and GR observations is assigned a quality index, and the calibration bias is inferred as a quality-weighted average of the differences between SR and GR. The relevance of quality was exemplified for the Subic S-band radar in the Philippines which is much affected by partial beam blockage. The present study extends the concept of quality-weighted averaging by accounting for path-integrated attenuation (PIA), in addition to beam blockage. This extension becomes vital for radars that operate at C- or X-band. Correspondingly, the study setup includes a C-band radar which substantially overlaps with the S-band radar. Based on the extended quality-weighting approach, we retrieve, for each of the two ground radars, a time series of calibration bias estimates from suitable SR overpasses. As a result of applying these estimates to correct the ground radar observations, the consistency between the ground radars in the region of overlap increased substantially. Furthermore, we investigated if the bias estimates can be interpolated in time, so that ground radar observations can be corrected even in the absence of prompt SR overpasses. We found that a moving average approach was most suitable for that purpose, although limited by the absence of explicit records of radar maintenance operations.

A dangerous liaison? Harnessing Weber to illuminate the relationship of democracy and charisma in the Philippines and India

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 691-709
Author(s):  
Walden Flores Bello
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Class Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Charismatic Authority ◽  
Democratic Elections ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Democratic elections in the Philippines and India in 2019 yielded a paradoxical result: the strengthening of the political hegemony of personalities partial to authoritarian rule. An examination of economic, social, and political conditions prior to the elections shows that the usual paradigms used to explain voters’ choices – class theory, rational choice theory, and patron–client theory – fail to account for the sweeping victories of Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. A more useful framework is that of charismatic authority derived from Max Weber. Employing this paradigm, the article discusses the origins of charismatic authority in the two polities, the differences in charismatic appeal, the social construction of charisma, charisma and the creation of the Other, and the democratic dialectic at the heart of charismatic authoritarianism.

A new genus of the subfamily Cillaeinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) from the Philippines and New Guinea with notes on the taxonomy and phylogeny of the subfamily

Zootaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4205 (3) ◽  
pp. 226 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDER G. KIREJTSHUK ◽  
ALEXEY V. KOVALEV
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Mosaic Spread ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Detailed Diagnosis

Allenipeplus gen. nov. represented by A. philippinensis sp. nov., type species (Philippines, Luzon), A. alius sp. nov. (Philippines, Mindoro), A. harmonicus sp. nov. (Philippines, Mindanao) and A. vitellinus sp. nov. (Indonesian New Guinea), is described. This new genus combines characters with a mosaic spread among other cillaeine genera. We present a wide comparison of genera among the subfamily Cillaeinae, making it possible to elaborate a detailed diagnosis of the new genus and trace some order in character patterns and propose a hypothesis on the relationship of this genus to other groups known from the Indo-Malayan and Australian Regions. A detailed diagnosis of the new genus and key to the new species are given. The Adocimus-complex of the related genera including Allenipeplus gen. nov., Adocimus Murray, 1864, Ithyphenes Murray, 1864, Platynema Ritsema, 1885 and probably Brittonema Kirejtshuk, 2011 is defined. Some notes on the taxonomy of the genera Liparopeplus Murray, 1864 and Xanthopeplus Fairmaire, 1880, stat. nov. are given. Additionally, designation of a lectotype for Liparopeplus colastoides Murray, 1864 is made. 

scholarly journals Using ground radar overlaps to verify the retrieval of calibration bias estimates from spaceborne platforms

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 645-659
Author(s):  
Irene Crisologo ◽  
Maik Heistermann
Keyword(s):  
Moving Average ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Radar Observations ◽  
Precipitation Measurement ◽  
Formal Procedure ◽  
Calibration Techniques ◽  
Global Precipitation

Abstract. Many institutions struggle to tap into the potential of their large archives of radar reflectivity: these data are often affected by miscalibration, yet the bias is typically unknown and temporally volatile. Still, relative calibration techniques can be used to correct the measurements a posteriori. For that purpose, the usage of spaceborne reflectivity observations from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) platforms has become increasingly popular: the calibration bias of a ground radar (GR) is estimated from its average reflectivity difference to the spaceborne radar (SR). Recently, Crisologo et al. (2018) introduced a formal procedure to enhance the reliability of such estimates: each match between SR and GR observations is assigned a quality index, and the calibration bias is inferred as a quality-weighted average of the differences between SR and GR. The relevance of quality was exemplified for the Subic S-band radar in the Philippines, which is greatly affected by partial beam blockage. The present study extends the concept of quality-weighted averaging by accounting for path-integrated attenuation (PIA) in addition to beam blockage. This extension becomes vital for radars that operate at the C or X band. Correspondingly, the study setup includes a C-band radar that substantially overlaps with the S-band radar. Based on the extended quality-weighting approach, we retrieve, for each of the two ground radars, a time series of calibration bias estimates from suitable SR overpasses. As a result of applying these estimates to correct the ground radar observations, the consistency between the ground radars in the region of overlap increased substantially. Furthermore, we investigated if the bias estimates can be interpolated in time, so that ground radar observations can be corrected even in the absence of prompt SR overpasses. We found that a moving average approach was most suitable for that purpose, although limited by the absence of explicit records of radar maintenance operations.

scholarly journals q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Prioritized Aggregation Operators and Their Application Towards Green Supplier Chain Management

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 976
Author(s):  
Muhammad Riaz ◽  
Dragan Pamucar ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Athar Farid ◽  
Masooma Raza Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Supplier Selection ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Fuzzy Information ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Green Supplier Selection ◽  
Scientific Decision ◽  
Green Suppliers ◽  
Prioritized Aggregation Operators ◽  
Relationship Of

Supply management and environmental concerns are becoming increasingly relevant to scientific decision analysis around the world. Several companies have implemented the green supply chain management (GSCM) approach for attaining economic advantages while retaining sustainable growth for the environment. Green supplier selection has also been analyzed in many literary works as an important part of GSCM, which is considered an important multi-criteria group decision making (MCGDM) problem. The lack of consideration of the relationships of alternatives to the uncertain environment will be the main reason for weak conclusions in some MCGDM problems. To address these drawbacks, we introduce a new approach for selecting green suppliers with the q-rung orthopair fuzzy information, in which the input assessment is considered by using q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers (q-ROFNs). A q-ROFN is extremely valuable in representing vague information that occurs in these real-world circumstances. The priority relationship of the alternatives to q-rung orthopair fuzzy information is very helpful to deal with GSCM. Consequently, we develop some prioritized operators with q-ROFNs named the q-rung orthopair fuzzy prioritized weighted average (q-ROFPWA) operator and q-rung orthopair fuzzy prioritized weighted geometric (q-ROFPWG) operator. Several important characteristics of these operators such as idempotents, boundary, and monotonicity are also well proven. Finally, an application of the proposed operators is presented for green supplier selection in GSCM. The scientific nature of the proposed methodology is illustrated by a numerical example to validate its rationality, symmetry, and superiority.

Length-weight relationship of pond-raised milkfish in the Philippines

Aquaculture ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Grover ◽  
Rogelio O. Juliano
Keyword(s):  
The Philippines ◽  
Weight Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

Anzus Pacific Security Pact

1954 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-400
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Government ◽  
Foreign Ministers ◽  
Relationship Of

The ANZUS Council held its second meeting in Washington, D.C., on September 9 and 10, 1953. While the first meeting of the Council had been devoted largely to organizational matters, the second meeting provided an opportunity for the foreign ministers of Australia, New Zealand and the United States to review the developments of the past year and to discuss common problems in the Pacific area. Prior to the opening of the meeting, there had been speculation in the press about the possibility of providing some form of associate membership in ANZUS for other countries — particularly the United Kingdom – and other international organizations. The United Kingdom was reportedly dissatisfied with its exclusion from the organization; Prime Minister Churchill had been quoted as telling the House of Commons on June 17 that he “did not like the Anzus Pact at all” and that he hoped that “perhaps larger and wider arrangements could be made which would be more satisfactory than those now in force”. According to the communique issued at the close of the meeting, however, the ministers “unanimously concluded … that to attempt to enlarge its membership would not contribute directly and materially” to the strengthening and defense of the ANZUS area. The communique pointed out that ANZUS was one of a number of arrangements for the furtherance of the security of the nations of the area; specifically the communique mentioned the mutual security pacts between the United States and the Philippines and Japan, United States defense understandings with the government of China on Formosa and the relationship of Australia and New Zealand with the other Commonwealth nations. Together, the communique noted, these arrangements ‘constitute … a solemn warning to any potential aggressor and represent the growing foundation for lasting peace in the Pacific”.

scholarly journals MORAL VALUE IN NOVELLASKAR PELANGIAND PADANG BULAN BY ANDREA HIRATA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Siti Rukiyah ◽  
Emzir Emzir ◽  
Sakura Ridwan
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Thisreserachaimsto gain a deep understanding of the moral values ​​contained in the novel Laskar Pelangi and Padang Bulan by Andrea Hirata with the study of genetic structuralism. This research uses qualitative approach with content analysis technique. The data in this researcth is words, sentences, in the form of phrases, description of characters and dialogue of figures and dialogues among the characters that indicate the existence of moral values ​​in the novel. Based on the result of the research indicate that novel Laskar Pelangi and Padang Bulan by Andrea Hirata have moral value in the form of: a) the relationship of human being with God, b) the relationship of human being with themselves, that is self awareness about obligation on themselves, c) the relationship of human beingwith human being in the social atmosphere, ie one's consciousness towards himself and the social sphere and d) the relationship of human being with the nature.  Moral values ​​in terms of the author's world view in the novel include a) the relationship of human being with the God, b) the relationship of human being with themselves, c) the relationship of  human beingwith human being in thesocialatmosphere, and d) therelationship of human beingwiththenature.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document