scholarly journals Effects of mycorrhizal fungi on growth and yield of sweet pepper (Caspicum annuum L.) under drought stress conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
M. Enjili ◽  
B. Esmaielpour ◽  
H. Fatemi ◽  
P. Jalilvand ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield

scholarly journals Physiological and biochemical responses of soybean plants inoculated with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Bradyrhizobium under drought stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed S. Sheteiwy ◽  
Dina Fathi Ismail Ali ◽  
You-Cai Xiong ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Secondary Metabolism ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Relative Expression ◽  
Reverse Trend ◽  
Soybean Plants

Abstract Background The present study aims to study the effects of biofertilizers potential of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Bradyrhizobium japonicum (B. japonicum) strains on yield and growth of drought stressed soybean (Giza 111) plants at early pod stage (50 days from sowing, R3) and seed development stage (90 days from sowing, R5). Results Highest plant biomass, leaf chlorophyll content, nodulation, and grain yield were observed in the unstressed plants as compared with water stressed-plants at R3 and R5 stages. At soil rhizosphere level, AMF and B. japonicum treatments improved bacterial counts and the activities of the enzymes (dehydrogenase and phosphatase) under well-watered and drought stress conditions. Irrespective of the drought effects, AMF and B. japonicum treatments improved the growth and yield of soybean under both drought (restrained irrigation) and adequately-watered conditions as compared with untreated plants. The current study revealed that AMF and B. japonicum improved catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) in the seeds, and a reverse trend was observed in case of malonaldehyde (MDA) and proline under drought stress. The relative expression of the CAT and POD genes was up-regulated by the application of biofertilizers treatments under drought stress condition. Interestingly a reverse trend was observed in the case of the relative expression of the genes involved in the proline metabolism such as P5CS, P5CR, PDH, and P5CDH under the same conditions. The present study suggests that biofertilizers diminished the inhibitory effect of drought stress on cell development and resulted in a shorter time for DNA accumulation and the cycle of cell division. There were notable changes in the activities of enzymes involved in the secondary metabolism and expression levels of GmSPS1, GmSuSy, and GmC-INV in the plants treated with biofertilizers and exposed to the drought stress at both R3 and R5 stages. These changes in the activities of secondary metabolism and their transcriptional levels caused by biofertilizers may contribute to increasing soybean tolerance to drought stress. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that application of biofertilizers to soybean plants is a promising approach to alleviate drought stress effects on growth performance of soybean plants. The integrated application of biofertilizers may help to obtain improved resilience of the agro ecosystems to adverse impacts of climate change and help to improve soil fertility and plant growth under drought stress.

scholarly journals Methionine-induced regulation of growth, secondary metabolites and oxidative defense system in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants subjected to water deficit stress

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259585
Author(s):  
Gull Mehak ◽  
Nudrat Aisha Akram ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Prashant Kaushik ◽  
Mohamed A. El-Sheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Growth Stages

Optimum water availability at different growth stages is one the major prerequisites of best growth and yield production of plants. Exogenous application of plant growth regulators considered effective for normal functioning of plants under water-deficit conditions. A study was conducted to examine the influence of exogenously applied L-methionine on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants grown under water-deficit conditions. Twenty-five-day old seedlings of four sunflower cultivars, FH331, FH572, FH652 and FH623 were exposed to control (100% F.C.) and drought stress (60% F.C.) conditions. After 30-day of drought stress, L-methionine (Met; 20 mg/L) was applied as a foliar spray to control and drought stressed plants. Water deficit stress significantly reduced shoot fresh and dry weights shoot and root lengths, and chlorophyll a content in all four cultivars. While a significant increase was observed due to water deficiency in relative membrane permeability (RMP), malondialdehyde (MDA), total soluble proteins (TSP), total soluble sugars (TSS), ascorbic acid (AsA) and activity of peroxidase (POD). Although, exogenously applied Met was effective in decreasing RMP, MDA and H2O2 contents, it increased the shoot fresh weight, shoot length, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a/b ratio, proline contents and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT enzymes in all four cultivars under water deficit stress. No change in AsA and total phenolics was observed due to foliar-applied Met under water stress conditions. Of all sunflower cultivars, cv. FH-572 was the highest and cv. FH-652 the lowest of all four cultivars in shoot fresh and dry weights as well as shoot length under drought stress conditions. Overall, foliar applied L-methionine was effective in improving the drought stress tolerance of sunflower plants that was found to be positively associated with Met induced improved growth attributes and reduced RMP, MDA and H2O2 contents under water deficit conditions.

scholarly journals Pengaruh biostimulan terhadap toleransi kekeringan dan pertumbuhan tanaman tebu varietas Kidang Kencana di rumah kaca (Effect of biostimulants on drought tolerance and growth of sugarcane var. Kidang Kencana at green house)

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian Mutiara AMANAH ◽  
Soekarno Mismana PUTRA
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Segment Number ◽  
Increasing Demand

Increasing productivity and sugar yield of sugarcane are required to meet the increasing demand for sugar. Biostimulants application is one of the effort to increase the productivity and rendement of sugar, especially at drought stress conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of biostimulants on the performance of sugarcane var. Kidang Kencana known susceptible to drought stress. The research was conducted in the greenhouse with several biostimulant treatments i.e. P0: Control, P1: Citorin-R, P2: Citorin-R and Citorin-S (1x spray) P3: Citorin-R and Citorin -S (2x spray), P4: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (1x spray) and Humic Acid, P5: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (1x spray), Humic Acid and Mycorrhiza, P6: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (2x spray), Humic Acid and Mycorrhiza. All treatments were subjected with drought stress started from 4 months after planting. The biostimulant treatments resulted in better growth and yield on treated-biostimulan compared to these of control. The best treatment for the vegetative growth and the productive parameters was P6. The plant height, stems diameter, segment number, weight, and sap volume at P6 were respectively 32.2%, 5.5%, 24.0%, 53.2% and 44.7% higher than the control. The best treatment for the sugar yield was P5 and the productivity parameters was P6 respectively, 42.5% and 70.5% higher than the control. The best treatments contained Citorin biostimulant. Humic Acid and Mycorrhiza which increased growth and sugar yield of Kidang Kencana sugarcane at drought stress conditions.[Keywords: drought stress Kidang Kencana variety, plant biostimulant, productivity, sugar yield]. AbstrakPeningkatan produktivitas dan rendemen gula tanaman tebu diperlukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gula yang terus meningkat. Aplikasi biostimulan merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan rendemen gula khususnya pada kondisi tercekam kekeringan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian beberapa produk biostimulan terhadap produktivitas tanaman tebu varietas Kidang Kencana yang rentan cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca dengan perlakuan beberapa perlakuan biostimulan pada tanaman tebu, yaitu P0: Kontrol, P1: Citorin-R, P2: Citorin-R dan Citorin-S (1x semprot) P3: Citorin-R dan Citorin-S (2x semprot), P4: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (1x semprot) dan Asam Humat, P5: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (1x semprot), Asam Humat dan Mikoriza, P6: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (2x semprot), Asam Humat dan Mikoriza. Seluruh perlakuan diberi kondisi cekaman kekeringan pada 4 bulan setelah tanam. Perlakuan biostimulan memberikan pengaruh serta hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kontrol baik fase vegetatif maupun produktif. Perlakuan terbaik selama fase vegetatif hingga 5 bulan setelah tanam adalah P6. Tinggi batang panen, diameter batang panen, jumlah ruas batang, bobot batang dan volume nira pada P6 meningkat 32,2%, 5,5%, 24,0%, 53,2% dan 44,7% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Perlakuan terbaik untuk parameter rendemen gula adalah P5 dan produktivitas gula adalah P6, masing-masing 42,5% dan 70,5% lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol. Perlakuan terbaik tersebut mengandung komponen biostimulan yaitu Citorin, Asam Humat dan Mikoriza yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan rendemen gula tanaman tebu Kidang Kencana pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan. [Kata kunci: cekaman kekeringan, varietas Kidang Kencana, biostimulan tanaman, produktivitas, rendemen gula].

scholarly journals Drought Effects on Growth, Water Content, and Organic Osmoprotectants in Promising Almond Genotypes with Different Drought Tolerance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabnam Gohari ◽  
Ali Imani ◽  
AliReza Talaei ◽  
Vahid Abdossi ◽  
Mohamad Reza Asghari
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Light Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Severe Stress ◽  
Drought Adaptation ◽  
Genotype A

Abstract Background Almonds ( Prunus amygdalus Batsch, syn. P. dulcis (Mill.) DA Webb) is a valuable nut crops species that is widely is cultivated in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran, due to drought tolerance and dehydration under drought stress. Almonds show physiological adaptations for survival in drought stress conditions, but the degree Drought adaptation varies between cultivars. However, to date, its morphological and physiological responses to drought, and the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study was aimed to investigate the morphological and physiological changes of almond genotypes under drought stress. almond genotypes were planted in pots and subjected to four levels of soil water treatments: above 80% (control), 60% (light stress), and 40% (severe stress) of field capacity. Results Within the total stress period (0–30 days), almond genotypes grew rapidly in the light stress, whereas severe stress had a negative impact on growth. So that, in this study, 10 selected almond genotypes using some morphological traits such as: plant height, trunk diameter at the top of the graft, new branch growth length, leaf yellowness and some physiological indicators under drought stress conditions such as Chlorophyll index was evaluated based on SPAD criterion, relative leaf water content, measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence and Organic Osmoprotectants to identify drought-resistant and sensitive genotypes under drought stress conditions. Among the selected genotypes studied, genotype A-7-100 was the most resistant and genotype A-124-1 was the most sensitive to drought stress. Conclusions Our results show that almond genotypes adapt to drought mainly by avoidance mechanisms, and its morphological and physiological characteristics are inhibited under severe stress, However, the degree of drought adaptation varies between different cultivars. These findings might help limited water resources to be fully used for increased the percentage of kernel and finally increased the growth and yield of plants under water stress.

scholarly journals Evaluation of genetic diversity and traits relations in wheat cultivars under drought stress using advanced statistical methods

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Naghavi ◽  
Marouf Khalili
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Spike Number ◽  
Yield Factor

<p>In order to study of genetic diversity and classify physio-agronomic characters under normal irrigation and drought stress in wheat cultivars, 15 cultivars were evaluated in the research farm of University of Mahabad, Iran. According to stepwise regression some of traits entered to final model that as far to correlation coefficients and path analysis regarding, the biggest part of correlation coefficient and direct effect was achieved for number of grains per spike, number spikes per plant with grain yield under two conditions. These traits had the highest indirect effect on the grain yield mutually. So, screening for high value for these traits can bring increase in wheat grain yield under two conditions. Factor analysis detected three and four factors which explained 91.23 and 92.43 percent of the total variation in non-drought stress and drought stress conditions, respectively. In drought stress condition the first factor, second factor, third factor and fourth factors were named as yield component, physiological, biomass and growth, and yield factor respectively. Cluster analysis based on the three and four factors grouped cultivars into the two groups under normal and three groups under drought stress conditions. Generally, tolerant cultivars can be used for direct culture or as parents for create of variation in breeding programs.</p>

scholarly journals Identification of proteins in sensitive and tolerant lines of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) under water deficit

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Babak MAGHSOUDI DAMAVANDI ◽  
Shahram LAK ◽  
Mehdi GHAFFARI ◽  
Mojtaba ALAVIFAZEL ◽  
Tayeb SAKINEJHAD
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Environmental Stresses ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tolerant Line ◽  
Sensitive Line ◽  
Agricultural Yields

<p>The importance of examining environmental stresses and their role in predicting and evaluating the growth and yield of crops is very evident. Environmental stresses are the most important factor in reducing agricultural yields worldwide. In order to evaluate the environmental impact of water loss on the amount of proteins affected in sunflower, an experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications at Karaj Oil Seeds Research Institute. In order to study the response of susceptible line (BGK221) and tolerant line (RGK46) under drought stress conditions, extraction of protein by acetone deposition method was performed in 8 leaves and of 3 seedlings in each replication. The amount of extracted protein was determined by Bradford method using two-dimensional electrophoresis and existence of significant difference between the bands in sensitive and tolerant lines was investigated. A total of 467 repeatable bands were found in the tolerant line and 417 repeatable bands appeared in the sensitive line. Among these proteins, 6 bands in tolerant line (No 503, 1901, 904, 3301, 7011, 9005) and 6 bands in sensitive line (No 704, 811, 3205, 4108, 7307, and 9207) were significantly affected by drought stress. In both sensitive and tolerate lines the main consequence is increase in amount of protein. The results showed that the most important factor of tolerant line adaptive for environmental stress conditions is maintaining normal cell metabolism, keeping moisture in the cell, strengthening cellular structure and antioxidant defense. The study also showed that drought stress had the greatest effect on cytoplasmic and nucleus proteins, metabolism and energy of proteins</p>

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF WATER DEFICIT ON MAZE SEEDLINGS GROWTH TRAITS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Shafique ◽  
Q Ali ◽  
A Malik
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Maize Growth ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Maize Genotype ◽  
Maize Varieties

Many biotic and abiotic factors affect plant growth and its development. Maize growth usually increased under excess water availability but less tolerant against water deficit stress condition. In this study, we investigated the effects of water stress on the growth and yield of maize. We found that severe water stress during the seedling stage had a greater effect on the growth and development of maize. Three maize varieties (Pak afghoi, Neelum, White corn) were used to find out the effects on growth of plant under drought or water deficit environmental conditions. Different drought stress treatments (Control, 20% irrigation water, 40% irrigation water, 60% irrigation water, 80% irrigation water) were imposed to growing seedlings after germination. The treatments were applied after 4 times each after 7 days interval and data for different morphological traits was recorded each time. The recorded data was pooled and analyzed for analysis of variance to access the significance of results. The ANOVA indicated the differences among five different genotypes and 5 different treatments for all parameters were significant. Tukey’s test indicated that maize genotype White corn was more tolerant while genotype Neelum was more sensitive for drought stress conditions therefore, white corn maize genotype may be helpful for the development of drought tolerance maize varieties and hybrids. Positive and significant correlation was found for shoot length with all other studied traits under drought stress conditions. Treatment control, 80% and 60% irrigation water was less adverse for maize growth while treatment 20% irrigation water highly affected all maize genotypes, therefore maize genotypes may be grow under treatment 60% irrigation water.

scholarly journals Towards Better Grafting: SCoT and CDDP Analyses for Prediction of the Tomato Rootstocks Performance under Drought Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Mohamed M. El-Mogy ◽  
Mohamed A. M. Atia ◽  
Faten Dhawi ◽  
Ahmed S. Fouad ◽  
Eslam S. A. Bendary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Grouping Pattern ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Wild Accessions

This study aims to predict the behavior of different tomato rootstocks under drought stress conditions. SCoT and CDDP analyses were employed to characterize the genetic relatedness among a commercial drought-sensitive tomato hybrid (cv. Bark) and four wild tomato accessions (LA2711, LA1995, LA3845, and LA4285) known for their tolerance to adverse conditions. The Bark plants were grafted onto the aforementioned wild accessions and self-grafted as control, and then the behavior of all graft unions was followed under normal and drought stress conditions. Our results showed a general genotype-dependent better growth and yield of heterografts than autografts under all growth conditions. Furthermore, clustering analysis based on growth, yield quantity and quality traits, and the leaf content of minerals, ABA, GA3, and proline, in addition to the activity of APX, POD, and DHAR reflected the same grouping pattern of the studied rootstocks exhibited by SCoT and CDDP. The identical grouping pattern supports the utilization of SCoT and CDDP as a robust screening tool helpful to predict the physiological and agronomical behavior of grafting on different tomato rootstocks. Furthermore, grafting could be a cost-efficient alternative method to improve drought tolerance in sensitive tomato genotypes.

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