scholarly journals Morbidities associated with increased BMI in pregnant women.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (08) ◽  
pp. 1345-1347
Author(s):  
Sarwat Memon
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Study Setting

Obesity is the major threat to social and medical wellbeing in Pakistan and worldwide. Increased BMI poses certain risks to mother as well as fetus. The objective of this study is to assess the maternal and fetal morbidities in women presenting with increased BMI during pregnancy. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Isra University Hospital. Period: 1st June 2017 till Nov 2017. Materials and Methods: 100 Patients with singleton pregnancy were included in this study. Results:                                                                     . Conclusion: It was concluded that there are complex and noteworthy socio- statistic imbalances related to different age groups, parity status and BMI. It was also concluded that increased no of patients are at high risks of maternal and fetal complication rates and require proper access to antenatal care. Facilities and interventions should be provided to improve both maternal and fetal health care and reduce the risks of adverse effects of increased BMI.

scholarly journals HEPATITIS “C”

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Adnan Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Rafique Hingoro
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To determine incidence of steatosis in non-responder casesof chronic HCV. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Tertiary Care Sanatorium inMedicine Department of LIAQUAT University Hospital Hyderabad/Jamshoro. Period: 26-9-2011to 25 August 2012. Material & Methods: Total 144 non-responders cases of Hepatitis C wereintegrated. Both gender, age 18 to 50 yrs, chronic HCV non-responder cases as well as cases fitfor hepatic biopsy were integrated in study. Grading of Inflammation was carried out as indicatedby histopathological measures. Results: Mean age was 48.5 + 5.2years. Uppermost prevalenceof chronic HCV disease was 65(45.13%) at 41 to 50 years age interval whereas 42(29.1%) caseswere noticed in 31 to 40 yrs age group and 25(17.3%) cases were observed in 20 to 30 yearsof young age group. In this study hepatic steatosis occurrence was observed in 103 (71.5%)cases and these were categories as: grade 1, grade 2, grade 3, as (<33%) 45/103(43.68%), (33to 66%) 35/103(33.98%), (>66%) 23/103(22.33%) respectively. Conclusion: Hepatic steatosisis a important risk factor the cases of HCV to decreased response to antiviral therapy and forprogression toward fibrosis as observed in cases related to metabolic steatosis.

scholarly journals TO DETERMINE THE ADVANTAGE OF SNODGRASS REPAIR OF CONGENITAL HYPOSPADIAS AT DIFFERENT LEVEL OF PENILE SHAFT.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1027-1031
Author(s):  
Shafaatullah . ◽  
Sadaf Iqbal ◽  
Bilal Suria
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Penile Shaft ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Cosmetic ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Study Setting

Introduction: Hypospadias is a congenital defect with various presentations. It is diagnosed clinically. Hormonal therapy can be used but is not curative. The Snodgrass intervention is the better one to get result oriented outcomes. Objectives: To find out the advantages of Snodgrass repair in distal as well as proximal types of hypospadias. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Baqai university hospital Karachi. Period: January 2015 to December 2017. Material and Method: Total 40 male patients were included in this study. They were admitted through OPD. Age of patients was from 4 years to 22 years. Patients were prepared and Snodgrass repair was done to all patients. Results: In our study, of 40, 19 (47.5%) patients presented between age 04 to 10 years. Most common Subcoronal type was found in 16 (40%). Catheter blockage was in 4 (10%) patients that was a common complication in our study. Conclusion: To sum up, Snodgrass method is the good one with good cosmetic results and least complication rate. 

scholarly journals PREGNANCY

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 776-781
Author(s):  
Shazia Shukar-ud- Din ◽  
Sadaf Ahmed Asim
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Changes ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: To determine frequency and pattern of skin changes duringpregnancy. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Outpatient department ofDermatology and Gynaecology at Dow University Hospital, Ojha campus in Karachi. Period:May 10, 2013 and January 10, 2014. (8 months). Patients & Methods: It comprises 80consecutive pregnant women with skin problem, who presented in outpatient department ofDermatology with referral cases from Obs&Gynae outpatient department.Information wascollected on predesigned questionnaire after taking informed consent. Results: Total 80pregnant women were included in study with different skin problems. The results indicatethatmost of women 72.5% presented during third trimester and 43.8% women were primigravida.Striagravidarum and lneanigra was commonest physiological changes, reported in 54%, 52%women consecutively. Eczema,utricaria and candidiasis were reported in 16.3% and 15% and15% women consecutively. Prurigo of pregnancy was reported in 17.5% followed by pruriticfolliculitis of pregnancy in 6.3% women. Conclusions: This study concluded that skin changesduring pregnancy are frequent in Pakistani women. These changes could be physiological orpathological.

scholarly journals Modifiable and Non-modifiable Risk Factors Association with Functional Dyspepsia

2021 ◽  
pp. 489-493
Author(s):  
Prem Kumar Maheshwari ◽  
Hassan Liaquat Memon ◽  
Kapeel Raja ◽  
Shaista Zeb ◽  
Kamran Ahmed Almani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine the frequency of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors of functional dyspepsia in our population. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study has been conducted department of gastroenterology of Isra University Hospital from February 2019 to January 2020. All the patients of all age groups presented with functional dyspepsia and either of gender were included in the study. Patients were interviewed regarding modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors like age, gender, smoking, body mass index, alcohol consumption and stress. All the data was gathered via study proforma. Results: Total 200 cases of functional dyspepsia were studied for modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Mean age of the cases was 49.45+6.33 years. Most of the cases were more than 40 years of the age. Males were 64.5% and females were 40.5%. According to the ethnicity Sindhi and Punjabi were commonest as 40.5% and 35.0% respectively. Inadequate physical activity and smoking habits were highly prevalent as 57.5% and 36.0% respectively. Conclusion: As per study conclusion age more than thirty years, male gender, ethnicity of Sindhi and Punjabi, smoking and inadequate physical activity were observed to be highly prevalent modifiable and non-modifiable risk factor of the functional dyspepsia.

CATARACT DISEASE;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (09) ◽  
pp. 1420-1424
Author(s):  
Shahan Saleem ◽  
Muhammad Saleem Azeemi ◽  
Rehan Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Delayed Presentation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The People ◽  
Study Setting

Introduction: Cataract is one of the reversible cause of decreased vision orcataract. Its highest incidence can be seen among senile and diabetics. Patients present inOpthalmology OPD with the cataract or with one of the complications of cataract. Objectives:To study the awareness of cataract disease, knowledge of risk factors and major barrierswhich result in the delayed presentation. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Itwas conducted in ophthalmology OPD. Duration: January 2017 to March 2017 (3 months).Materials & Methods: About 100 patients were selected by nonrandom purposive sampling.They were given questionnaires or direct questions were asked to fill the questionnaires.Results: 69% were males and 31% were females with age groups ranging from 35 to 95 yearsof age. Mean age was 60.90 with an SD of 11.28. About 74% of the patients were having alow educational level. For 71% of the patients, ophthalmologist was the source of informationabout his/her ailment. 57% of the people know about the nature of their disease. Regardingthe delay in presentation (36%) presented in less than 3 months after they first noticed blurringof vision. About 20% patient presented after a period of 1 year after feeling of low vision. 59%of patients knew that cataract incidence increases with age. 72% of patients knew that visioncan be restored after cataract surgery. Knowledge about the improvement of the eye conditionby microsurgery was 66%. Knowledge about the complications of cataract was estimated todecreased vision (61%), blindness (23%), pain (9%), cosmetic problems (2%), others (5%).Reasons for delay include waiting for cataract to mature (53%), financial problems (13%), toofar no people to accompany (12%), no time ( 10%), afraid (6%), don’t want to operate (4%),no reason (2%). Knowledge about the risk factors was estimated to be as diabetes (67%),hypertension (23%), others NOS (10%). Conclusion: There is a lack of awareness about thecataract disease, its complications and risk factors which result in the late presentation of thecataract patients. Patients, as well as general public, need to be educated by various means toprevent the complications of cataract and blindness.

scholarly journals DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Jahangir Liaquat ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Bawany ◽  
Noman Shaikh ◽  
Adnan Ali Khahro ◽  
Falak Naz
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Study Setting ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Objectives: To find out the frequency of hypoglycemia in patients with diabeticnephropathy. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Emergency department anddepartment of medicine Liaquat university Hospital Hyd/ Jamshoro. Study Period: One yearfrom 01-03-2009 to 28-02-2010. Methodology: Two hundred cases of diabetic nephropathy onthe basis of symptoms and signs of hypoglycemia were selected in this study. Results: Out of200 patients, 102(51%) were males and 98(49%) were females, 10.5% had type-1 diabetes and89.5% had type-2 diabetes. Most of the patients belonged to 60 to 75 years of age. The averageduration of diabetes was 12.20 ± 6.14 years. Out of 23 hypoglycemic patients, 5 (21.7%)had type-1 diabetes in which 4 were male and one was female while 18 (78.3%) had type-2diabetes in which 10 were male and 8 were female patients. Conclusion: It was observed thathypoglycemia

scholarly journals COMPLICATIONS OF COLOSTOMY;

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 524-528
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naeem Ashraf ◽  
M. Shahbaz Bakht Kayani ◽  
Shahid Mahmood ◽  
Saad Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Operative Morbidity ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: To study the frequency and types of complications in colostomypatients. Stuyd Design: Prospective cross sectional study. Setting: Department at Surgery, FaujiFoundation Hospital Rawalpindi. Period: 1st December 2009 to 30th November 2011. Material &methods: A total of 104 consecutive patients who end up with colostomy due to any reason wereincluded in the study. Results: It was noted that 52 patients had stoma due to malignancy andcomplications was noted in 40 patients. Same number of Patients operated for non-malignantdisease i.e. 52. Complications noted in only 24 patients while 28 were without complications.Conclusions: The chances of complications in different type of stomas are much higher in caseof malignancy. It is recommended that such operations are performed by senior surgeons inorder to avoid post-operative morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals COMMON BIRTH MARKS

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (09) ◽  
pp. 1208-1211
Author(s):  
Sadaf Ahmed Asim ◽  
Humaira Maryum ◽  
ShaziaShukar-ud- Din ◽  
Waseem Jamalvi ◽  
Muhammad Aurangzeb
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Vascular Birthmarks ◽  
General Physical ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To identify the frequency of common birthmarks presenting inoutpatients department of dermatology until and to increase awareness among doctor aboutthe common phenomena. Patients and Study Design: A cross sectional study. Setting: OPDof Dermatology department of Dow University Hospital. Period: January 2014 till October 2014.Methods:During a year, by using non-probability convenient sampling only 100 patients of bothgenders were enrolled in the study after ensuring inclusion, exclusion criteria. Complete historywas recorded and a thorough general physical and cutaneous examination was performed.Information was collected on predesigned questionnaire after taking informed consent. DataAnalysis was carried out on SPSS statistics software. Results: Out of 100 patients, 43% weremales and 57% were females. In 69.6% patients, the birthmarks were noticed around time ofdelivery, 28.3% patients were noticed within 1st year of life and 2.2% later in 5 year. Pigmentedbirthmarks were identified in 65.2% patients while 34.8 % have vascular birthmarks.71.1% hadno changes in color during life span. While 37.8% had 1-3 cms birthmark and 45.7% havereported an increase in birthmark. Conclusions: We found birthmarks benign; they may growwith age but they do not need treatment unless there is concern either cosmetically or they havepain and discharge.

STUDYING OF CHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION IN HUE CITY IN 2011

2012 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Thi Minh Xuan Doan ◽  
Xuan Chuong Tran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Study Results

Children with mental retardation have low intelligence, slow thinking, low learning ability in comparison with the same age children. Objectives: 1. To determine the prevalence of children with mental retardation in Hue City. 2. To study some characteristics of children with mental retardation. Materials and methodes: All children with mental retardation in Hue city. Cross sectional study. Results: The prevalence of children with mental retardation (CMR) among children under 15 yrs is 0.23%, among disable children 38.16%. The highest prevalences ware in Phu Binh, Xuan Phu quarters (0.79 and 0.66%), lowest in Thuan Loc, Thuan Thanh quarters (0.03 and 0.06%). Children over 5 yrs old were 75.95%. Most of children have slow development in movement and daily activities. More than 78% have late walking, 84% have late speaking. Conclusions: The prevalence of children with mental retardation among children under 15 yrs is 0.23%, among disable children 38.16%. Most of children have slow development in movement and daily activities.

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