scholarly journals COMMON BIRTH MARKS

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (09) ◽  
pp. 1208-1211
Author(s):  
Sadaf Ahmed Asim ◽  
Humaira Maryum ◽  
ShaziaShukar-ud- Din ◽  
Waseem Jamalvi ◽  
Muhammad Aurangzeb
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Vascular Birthmarks ◽  
General Physical ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To identify the frequency of common birthmarks presenting inoutpatients department of dermatology until and to increase awareness among doctor aboutthe common phenomena. Patients and Study Design: A cross sectional study. Setting: OPDof Dermatology department of Dow University Hospital. Period: January 2014 till October 2014.Methods:During a year, by using non-probability convenient sampling only 100 patients of bothgenders were enrolled in the study after ensuring inclusion, exclusion criteria. Complete historywas recorded and a thorough general physical and cutaneous examination was performed.Information was collected on predesigned questionnaire after taking informed consent. DataAnalysis was carried out on SPSS statistics software. Results: Out of 100 patients, 43% weremales and 57% were females. In 69.6% patients, the birthmarks were noticed around time ofdelivery, 28.3% patients were noticed within 1st year of life and 2.2% later in 5 year. Pigmentedbirthmarks were identified in 65.2% patients while 34.8 % have vascular birthmarks.71.1% hadno changes in color during life span. While 37.8% had 1-3 cms birthmark and 45.7% havereported an increase in birthmark. Conclusions: We found birthmarks benign; they may growwith age but they do not need treatment unless there is concern either cosmetically or they havepain and discharge.

scholarly journals PREGNANCY

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 776-781
Author(s):  
Shazia Shukar-ud- Din ◽  
Sadaf Ahmed Asim
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Changes ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: To determine frequency and pattern of skin changes duringpregnancy. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Outpatient department ofDermatology and Gynaecology at Dow University Hospital, Ojha campus in Karachi. Period:May 10, 2013 and January 10, 2014. (8 months). Patients & Methods: It comprises 80consecutive pregnant women with skin problem, who presented in outpatient department ofDermatology with referral cases from Obs&Gynae outpatient department.Information wascollected on predesigned questionnaire after taking informed consent. Results: Total 80pregnant women were included in study with different skin problems. The results indicatethatmost of women 72.5% presented during third trimester and 43.8% women were primigravida.Striagravidarum and lneanigra was commonest physiological changes, reported in 54%, 52%women consecutively. Eczema,utricaria and candidiasis were reported in 16.3% and 15% and15% women consecutively. Prurigo of pregnancy was reported in 17.5% followed by pruriticfolliculitis of pregnancy in 6.3% women. Conclusions: This study concluded that skin changesduring pregnancy are frequent in Pakistani women. These changes could be physiological orpathological.

scholarly journals HEPATITIS “C”

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Adnan Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Rafique Hingoro
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To determine incidence of steatosis in non-responder casesof chronic HCV. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Tertiary Care Sanatorium inMedicine Department of LIAQUAT University Hospital Hyderabad/Jamshoro. Period: 26-9-2011to 25 August 2012. Material & Methods: Total 144 non-responders cases of Hepatitis C wereintegrated. Both gender, age 18 to 50 yrs, chronic HCV non-responder cases as well as cases fitfor hepatic biopsy were integrated in study. Grading of Inflammation was carried out as indicatedby histopathological measures. Results: Mean age was 48.5 + 5.2years. Uppermost prevalenceof chronic HCV disease was 65(45.13%) at 41 to 50 years age interval whereas 42(29.1%) caseswere noticed in 31 to 40 yrs age group and 25(17.3%) cases were observed in 20 to 30 yearsof young age group. In this study hepatic steatosis occurrence was observed in 103 (71.5%)cases and these were categories as: grade 1, grade 2, grade 3, as (<33%) 45/103(43.68%), (33to 66%) 35/103(33.98%), (>66%) 23/103(22.33%) respectively. Conclusion: Hepatic steatosisis a important risk factor the cases of HCV to decreased response to antiviral therapy and forprogression toward fibrosis as observed in cases related to metabolic steatosis.

scholarly journals TO DETERMINE THE ADVANTAGE OF SNODGRASS REPAIR OF CONGENITAL HYPOSPADIAS AT DIFFERENT LEVEL OF PENILE SHAFT.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1027-1031
Author(s):  
Shafaatullah . ◽  
Sadaf Iqbal ◽  
Bilal Suria
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Penile Shaft ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Cosmetic ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Study Setting

Introduction: Hypospadias is a congenital defect with various presentations. It is diagnosed clinically. Hormonal therapy can be used but is not curative. The Snodgrass intervention is the better one to get result oriented outcomes. Objectives: To find out the advantages of Snodgrass repair in distal as well as proximal types of hypospadias. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Baqai university hospital Karachi. Period: January 2015 to December 2017. Material and Method: Total 40 male patients were included in this study. They were admitted through OPD. Age of patients was from 4 years to 22 years. Patients were prepared and Snodgrass repair was done to all patients. Results: In our study, of 40, 19 (47.5%) patients presented between age 04 to 10 years. Most common Subcoronal type was found in 16 (40%). Catheter blockage was in 4 (10%) patients that was a common complication in our study. Conclusion: To sum up, Snodgrass method is the good one with good cosmetic results and least complication rate. 

scholarly journals The frequency of metabolic syndrome in judicial officers.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (09) ◽  
pp. 1466-1470
Author(s):  
Shahid Abbas ◽  
Faisal Ali ◽  
Naeem Hameed ◽  
Rehan Riaz ◽  
Ayesha Tariq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Officer ◽  
Significant Disease ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome in judicial officers. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology, Faisalabad. Period: January 2015 to December 2016. Materials and Methods: Total 81 judicial officers were enrolled after obtaining informed consent. Officers from age of 29 years to 56 years and of either sex were enrolled in study. FLP, FBS, BP and waist circumference were measured at FIC. Frequency of metabolic syndrome was noted considering diagnostic criteria. Results: Mean age was 40.35 ± 7.40, 88.9% (n=72) were male, 11.1% (n=9) were females, 12.3% (n=10) were diabetic, 87.7% (n=71) were non-diabetic, 2 were known case of ischemic heart disease with one having CABG. Most common parameter out of Metabolic syndrome factors was hypertriglyceridemia 53.1% (n=43). Least common was diabetes (12.3%). Metabolic syndrome was found in 21% (n=17). Only 11.1% female officer (n=1) were found to have Metabolic syndrome whereas 22.2% male (n=16) were having metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome was quiet common in young healthy judicial officers who were not patient of any significant disease mostly having sedentary lifestyle.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional descriptive study of topical self-medication in a hospital dermatology department in the state of São Paulo

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson Henrique Padoveze ◽  
Luiz Fernando Costa Nascimento ◽  
Flávia Regina Ferreira ◽  
Viviane Scarpa da Costa Neves
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Medical Drug

Self-medication involves individuals or their carers administering a medical drug of their own choice for symptomatic relief and in the hope of a "cure", without seeking professional medical advice.The aim of this descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at the Dermatology Department of the Taubaté University Hospital was to identify the occurrence of self-medication for the topical treatment of skin diseases in young people under 18, and to analyze the difficulties encountered in the clinical diagnosis of these individuals.We examined 29 cases of self-medication (from a total of 480 attendances). Although self-medication is a common practice in Brazil our study showed that users were not significantly harmed by it.

scholarly journals METHOTREXATE;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 607-611
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yasir Qureshi ◽  
Zaheer Hussain Memon ◽  
Ishrat Bibi
Keyword(s):  
Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Pasi Score ◽  
History Of ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of methotrexate as a treatment option forplaque psoriasis. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Dermatology Department, ofLiaquat University hospital Hyderabad. Period: 6 month duration from January 2016 to June2016. Material & Methods: All the cases more than 20 years of the age having severe-tomoderatechronic plaque psoriasis were selected in the study. All the patients were underwentcomplete medical history and clinical examination. All the patients with history of severecomorbidities were not included. All the patients were underwent oral methotrexate treatment.All the information as: disease duration, involved site and plaque size was recorded. Efficacywas assessed according to PASI score on starting and after 12 weeks. Results: Patients’ meanage was 40.73 years. Male were found in the majority 75.50%, while 24.50 % were female. Inthis study mean duration of disease was 7.38 + 3.46 months and mean duration of plaque sizewas 6.63+ 2.07. Commonest site involved in psoriasis was scalp+elbow seen in 27(55.1%).Psoriasis show significant good outcome after treatment of methotrexate, 9 patients did notcompeted their treatment in remaining 40 cases starting PASI score was 11.97+1.40 and after12 weeks treatment significantly decreased as 6.48+2.45 and mean of clearance time was8.10+2.02 weeks. Conclusion: Methotrexate showed significant satisfactory results in thetherapy required for plaque psoriasis as well as enhanced quality of life.

scholarly journals CIRRHOSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Afroz S Kazi ◽  
Aftab Abbasi ◽  
Sana Naz
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Gastric Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Microscopy Data ◽  
Gastroenterology Unit

Objectives: To investigate the histological changes in gastric mucosa of livercirrhosis patients. Study design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration: Department ofAnatomy and Medicine, Gastroenterology unit, Isra University Hospital (June to December2012). Subjects and Methods: 85 diagnosed cases of liver cirrhosis were selected accordingto inclusion and exclusion criteria. Specimen of 2 mm thickness was taken by punch biopsyfrom gastric body and antrum by endoscope. Tissues were fixed in 10% formaldehyde, 3-5 μsections were stained with H & E for microscopy. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 21.0.Results: Age (mean ±SD) was noted as 47±11.5 years. Of 85, 56 (65.8%) were male and29 (34.1%) female. Frequency of mild, moderate, severe and no gastropathy were notedin 52.94%, 34.12%, 4.71%, and 8.24% respectively. 9.4% of cases show capillary dilationand edematous lamina propria. Conclusion: Microscopy shows gastropathy in majority ofspecimens. Thick gastric mucosa, increased gland size and mucosa capillary dilation wasnoted.

scholarly journals Morbidities associated with increased BMI in pregnant women.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (08) ◽  
pp. 1345-1347
Author(s):  
Sarwat Memon
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Study Setting

Obesity is the major threat to social and medical wellbeing in Pakistan and worldwide. Increased BMI poses certain risks to mother as well as fetus. The objective of this study is to assess the maternal and fetal morbidities in women presenting with increased BMI during pregnancy. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Isra University Hospital. Period: 1st June 2017 till Nov 2017. Materials and Methods: 100 Patients with singleton pregnancy were included in this study. Results:                                                                     . Conclusion: It was concluded that there are complex and noteworthy socio- statistic imbalances related to different age groups, parity status and BMI. It was also concluded that increased no of patients are at high risks of maternal and fetal complication rates and require proper access to antenatal care. Facilities and interventions should be provided to improve both maternal and fetal health care and reduce the risks of adverse effects of increased BMI.

scholarly journals Frequency of diabetic retinopathy in patients of acute ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI).

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1002-1007
Author(s):  
Sanaullah ◽  
◽  
Syed Tahir Shah ◽  
Abdul Salar Khan ◽  
Noor ul Hadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Population Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: To determine the frequency of diabetic retinopathy in patients of acute ST elevated Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) in our population. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Cardiology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. Period: 20th November 2018 to 19th May 2019. Material & Methods: Detailed history was taken and previous records were reviewed to look for diagnosis of DM, followed by complete examination and investigations including FBC, LFTs, RFTs, ECG and echo to fulfill exclusion criteria. Fundoscopy was performed by two experienced cardiology trainees with riester ophthalmoscope. Consensus was made on ophthalmoscopy findings regarding the presence or absence of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). Results: In this study a total of 189 patients were observed. Mean age was 43 years with SD ±11.23. Sixty six percent patients were male while 34% patients were female. More over 5% patients had diabetic retinopathy while 95% patients did not have diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion: Our study concludes that the frequency of diabetic retinopathy was 5% in patients of acute ST elevated MI in our population.

scholarly journals Frequency of different symptoms in patients with COVID-19.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 931-935
Author(s):  
Sehrish Shafique ◽  
◽  
Naveed Faraz ◽  
Hina Wasti ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender Study ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: To find out the common symptoms in COVID -19 patients in association with age and gender. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Study was conducted by approaching patients with COVID 19 positive in clinics, hospitals and those isolated at homes. Period: May 2020 to August 2020. Material & Methods: This study was conducted in Karachi by filling up the proformas from patients diagnosed as COVID 19 during a period of 4 months. All the patients with 25 -75years of age, and diagnosed with COVID 19 positive were considered as a part of study. Data was written in a form of questionnaire.95% confidence interval was taken. For entry of data SPSS version 20 was used. Results: A total of 150 cases were included after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria, among which 80(53.3%) were males and 70 (46.6%) were females. Most of the COVID -19 patients in our study between the age group of 61-75yrs (57%) followed by 46- 60yrs age group (30 %). This study also showed that fever and cough was among the commonly occurring symptoms in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: Patient with different symptoms present in COVID-19 although cough and fever were the most common symptoms seen although few patient were symptoms free although COVID-19 positive.

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