scholarly journals Contemplating SARS-CoV-2 infectivity with respect to ABO blood groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 082-086
Author(s):  
ul-Ain Amjad Qurat- ◽  
Saeed Umar ◽  
Piracha Zahra Zahid ◽  
Kanwal Kashmala ◽  
Munir Madiha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A

COVID-19 is a disease that is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and very speedily spreading all over the world. The blood group’s effect on COVID-19 is not clear. The main aim of this article is to determine the relationship between sensitivity of COVID-19 and ABO blood group. For this study we have observed that the individuals with blood group A are at higher risk of getting COVID-19 because they contain the higher concentration of Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 that provide the site to virus for entry. But in other blood groups the natural Anti A antibodies block the interaction between host receptor and virus and disturb their interaction. Certain studies show that the infectivity and mortality rate in covid patients is not affected by AB blood group system. But according to research, increased ventilator usage, ICU stay was observed in critically ill patients with AB blood group than of other blood groups. O blood group has proved to be protective against SARS-CoV-2 due to the presence of both anti-A and anti-B antibodies as they prevent the binding of the spike protein S of the virus with the ACE2 receptors which are present on the surface of cells. Moreover, furin also plays a major role in penetration of virus in the host cells. Furin is required for the activation of the spike protein S of the virus and due to the low efficiency of furin cleavage in blood group O it is protected from SARS-CoV-2 and other chronic diseases. Mortality rate of covid 19 depends upon the environmental factors, number of people living in the area and also some economic factors. The different strains of COVID-19 effect the different people differently and as the time passes the strain of COVID-19 has changed and thus according to this the mortality rate of different provinces and areas varies due to environmental factors. Pregnant women have no any kind of transportation of covid to their fetuses but mostly patients of blood group A are being affected by COVID-19 and hence their fetuses are somehow effected. And those pregnant women having blood group O does not have any risk of COVID-19 of severe stages.

scholarly journals Distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups in Nepalese medical students: a report

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-158
Author(s):  
T. Pramanik ◽  
S. Pramanik
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group Distribution

The frequencies of ABO and rhesus blood groups vary from one population to another. We studied blood group distribution in 120 Nepalese students; 34% were blood group A, 29% group B, 4% group AB and 32.5% group O. The frequency of Rh-negative blood was 3.33% and Rh-positive 96.66%

scholarly journals Association of ABO blood groups with presentation and outcomes of confirmed SARS CoV-2 infection: A prospective study in the largest COVID-19 dedicated hospital in Bangladesh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249252
Author(s):  
Reaz Mahmud ◽  
Mohammad Aftab Rassel ◽  
Farhana Binte Monayem ◽  
S. K. Jakaria Been Sayeed ◽  
Md Shahidul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group Ii

Background Globally, studies have shown conflicting results regarding the association of blood groups with SARS CoV-2 infection. Objective To observe the association between ABO blood groups and the presentation and outcomes of confirmed COVID-19 cases. Design, setting, and participants This was a prospective cohort study of patients with mild-to-moderately severe COVID-19 infections who presented in the COVID-19 unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital and were enrolled between 01 June and 25 August, 2020. Patients were followed up for at least 30 days after disease onset. We grouped participants with A-positive and A-negative blood groups into group I and participants with other blood groups into group II. Results The cohort included 438 patients; 52 patients were lost to follow-up, five died, and 381 completed the study. The prevalence of blood group A [144 (32.9%)] was significantly higher among COVID-19 patients than in the general population (p < 0.001). The presenting age [mean (SD)] of group I [42.1 (14.5)] was higher than that of group II [38.8 (12.4), p = 0.014]. Sex (p = 0.23) and co-morbidity (hypertension, p = 0.34; diabetes, p = 0.13) did not differ between the patients in groups I and II. No differences were observed regarding important presenting symptoms, including fever (p = 0.72), cough (p = 0.69), and respiratory distress (p = 0.09). There was no significant difference in the median duration of symptoms in the two group (12 days), and conversion to the next level of severity was observed in 26 (20.6%) and 36 patients (13.8%) in group I and II, respectively. However, persistent positivity of RT-PCR at 14 days of initial positivity was more frequent among the patients in group I [24 (19%)] than among those in group II [29 (11.1%)]. Conclusions The prevalence of blood group A was higher among COVID-19 patients. Although ABO blood groups were not associated with the presentation or recovery period of COVID-19, patients with blood group A had delayed seroconversion.

scholarly journals IMMUNOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON BLOOD GROUPS

1947 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvin A. Kabat ◽  
Aaron Bendich ◽  
Ada E. Bezer ◽  
Sam M. Beiser
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Optical Rotation ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Acetyl Content ◽  
Group A ◽  
Blood Group Substances ◽  
Almost All

1. Blood group substances have been prepared from human saliva, stomach, and amniotic fluid from individuals of blood group A1 and A2. Several of the saliva samples were obtained from individuals shown to be heterozygous, A1O. 2. The purified blood group A substances from human sources were similar in nitrogen, glucosamine, reducing sugar, and acetyl content. The A1 and A2 substances differed in optical rotation. All of the human A samples were levorotatory while those from hog stomach were dextrorotatory. 3. By two immunochemical criteria the various human preparations could be shown to fall into distinct groups, with respect to purity. The best products showed maximal activity and almost all of their glucosamine was specifically precipitable by anti-A. These samples of human A substance were only about one-half as effective in precipitating antibody to hog A substance formed in man as was homologous hog A substance although the same total amount of antibody was precipitable by excess of either antigen. 4. Human blood group A1 substance was found to be antigenic in individuals of blood groups B and O but was not as good an antigen as hog A substance.

scholarly journals The association between blood groups and maxillofacial deformities

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (02) ◽  
pp. 138-140
Author(s):  
Rasoul Gheisari ◽  
Mehdi Ghoreishian ◽  
Movahedian Bijan ◽  
Roozbehi Amrolah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group Distribution

ABSTRACT Background: Blood group is a genetic characteristic which is associated with some diseases and deformities. Multifactorial characteristics of facial development make it difficult to predict a genetic pattern in a specific maxillofacial deformity, but epidemiological evaluations can reveal relationships between such deformities and some genetic characteristics or accompanied diseases, and this will help to recognise and treat them. The aim of this study is evaluation of the relationship between blood groups and maxillofacial deformities. Materials and Methods: In this study, blood groups of 190 patients with maxillofacial deformities who had had orthognathic surgery in Alzahra hospital, Isfahan, were compared with the general Iranian population. Results: Among 190 patients, 93 cases (49%) were men and 97 cases (51%) were women. Fifteen cases (8%) were < 20 years old, 130 cases (68%) were 20-30 years old, and the others (45 cases, 24%) were > 30 years old. The blood group distribution in our samples was as follows: blood group O = 76 cases (40%), blood group A = 58 cases (30%), blood group B = 41 cases (22%), and blood group AB = 15 cases (8%). Among these patients, 31 cases (16%) had maxillary deformities and 27 cases (14%) suffered from mandibular deformities while the other 132 cases (70%) had bimaxillary problems. The Chi-square test showed statistically significant differences between the blood group distribution of the patients of this study and the normal Iranian population ( P < 0.001). Conclusion: It was shown that among different blood groups; those with blood group B have a greater likelihood of association with maxillofacial deformities. On the other hand, the probability of the association of such deformities was the least with blood group A.

scholarly journals The Development of Severe Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia due to Anti-HPA-1a Antibodies Is Correlated to MaternalABOGenotypes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Therese Ahlen ◽  
Anne Husebekk ◽  
Mette Kjær Killie ◽  
Jens Kjeldsen-Kragh ◽  
Martin L. Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Design And Methods

Background. Maternal alloantibodies against HPA-1a can cross placenta, opsonize foetal platelets, and induce neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT). In a study of 100, 448 pregnant women in Norway during 1995–2004, 10.6% of HPA-1a negative women had detectable anti-HPA-1a antibodies.Design and Methods. A possible correlation between the maternal ABO blood group phenotype, or underlying genotype, and severe thrombocytopenia in the newborn was investigated.Results. We observed that immunized women with blood group O had a lower risk of having a child with severe NAIT than women with group A; 20% with blood group O gave birth to children with severe NAIT, compared to 47% among the blood group A mothers (relative risk 0.43; 95% CI 0.25–0.75).Conclusion. The risk of severe neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia due to anti-HPA-1a antibodies is correlated to maternalABOtypes, and this study indicates that the observation is due to genetic properties on the maternal side.

Transcriptional Profile of Carbohydrate Blood Group Genes in Erythroid Versus Neutrophil Differentiation of Human CD34+ Cells In Vitro.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 4242-4242
Author(s):  
Josefina H. Dykes ◽  
Britt Thuresson ◽  
Louise Edvardsson ◽  
Tor Olofsson ◽  
Martin L. Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Erythroid Differentiation ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Cd34 Cells ◽  
Group A ◽  
Neutrophil Differentiation

Abstract Carbohydrate blood groups and their corresponding antibodies are clinically important, known to be involved in conditions such as hemolytic transfusion reactions, hemolytic disease of the newborn and spontaneous abortion. However, little is understood about the developmental changes in expression of carbohydrate blood groups during hematopoiesis, with preceding studies mainly focusing on protein-based blood group molecules. We have previously identified the carbohydrate blood group A antigen as the earliest, specific marker for definitive erythroid commitment, in preference to other suggested candidates such as Kell or Glycophorin C [Br J Haematol2004;127:451–63]. With regard to this lineage-restriction point we mapped the gene expression of some clinically important carbohydrate blood group systems during erythroid versus neutrophil differentiation in vitro. Human bone marrow CD34+ cells from healthy donors, carrying the blood group A1 allele and functional secretor (FUT2) and Lewis (FUT3) genes, were cultured in vitro towards erythroid or neutrophil development and sorted on a flow cytometer into subpopulations according to their surface expression of blood group A antigen/CD117 and CD15/CD33. Sorted cells were cultured in clonogenic assays in methylcellulose or analyzed by TaqMan real-time reverse transcriptase PCR for gene expression of a number of carbohydrate blood group glycosyltransferases. Surface expression of the blood group A antigen coincided with commitment to erythroid differentiation and the expression of CD15 with neutrophil/monocytic differentiation. In gene expression studies the ABO, H (FUT1), I (IGnT) and Pk (A4GALT) genes were all expressed in freshly isolated and sorted CD34+ cells. The ABO and the H genes were up-regulated in erythroid differentiation and silenced in neutrophil differentiation. The ABO gene expression was markedly decreased in late stages of erythroid maturation. The I gene was expressed both during erythroid and neutrophil development with an increased expression in late erythroid differentiation. The Pk gene retained a low expression throughout neutrophil differentiation and was up-regulated several-fold during erythroid differentiation. There was no detectable expression of FUT3 and the gene suggested being responsible for biosynthesis of the Sda antigen, GALGT2, in either erythroid or neutrophil differentiation. Our data support the identification of the blood group A antigen as an early and specific marker for definitive erythroid differentiation. In mature cells of the myeloid lineage, the results of the gene expression studies are compatible with previous findings of gene and/or surface expression of the I and Pk blood groups but not of ABO and H. The marked increase in expression of the Pk gene during erythroid differentiation may well agree with the fact that the Pk antigen is the precursor structure of globoside, the most abundant neutral glycolipid in the erythrocyte membrane. The absence of hematopoietic FUT3 expression in Lewis gene positive individuals was expected whilst the relevance of undetectable GALGT2 expression in hematopoietic differentiation is uncertain. The role of the GALGT2 gene in surface expression of Sda has not been definitively proven and the molecular basis of different Sda phenotype variants is unknown. In conclusion, our data extend previous findings of carbohydrate blood group distribution, primarily obtained from mature blood cells and leukemic cell lines, to normal human hematopoiesis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document