Possibilities of diagnosing breathing disorders during sleep in home conditions

The article reflects the assessment of the quality of sour cream at home, and considers methods for determining the quality of sour cream. Organoleptic evaluation was performed for compliance with the requirements of GOST 52092-2003 " Smetana. Technical conditions " in terms of appearance, consistency, color, taste and smell. The consistency of sour cream is determined during its mixing, while evaluating the presence of a glossy appearance of sour cream. Sour cream is considered thick if it slowly drains from the whorl. The smell is determined immediately after mixing. Then we evaluate the taste. When evaluating the quality of the samples under study, it was found that the organoleptic characteristics of the samples fully comply with the requirements of the regulatory document. Analyzing the results of the experiment, we can conclude that in the first experiment, the sour cream purchased on the market was completely dissolved, and the sour cream from the store after dissolution showed small grains. And in the second experiment, the results showed that the color did not change in the sample # 2, but under # 1 it turned blue. The basis of this experiment is a qualitative chemical reaction to starch, which is used as a thickener.

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Rationale and design of remotely-supervised cardiac rehabilitation study in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ◽

10.1093/eurjpc/zwab061.207 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

J Hnatiak ◽

O Ludka ◽

L Batalik ◽

P Winnige ◽

F Dosbaba

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽

Public Institution ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Cpap Therapy ◽

Phone Calls ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Home Conditions

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Ministry of Health Czech Republic; identification of organization 65269705 Background Although continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is currently still the gold standard for therapy of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), another alternative or adjunct effective therapeutic options exist. Lifestyle intervention focused on nutrition and weight reduction, regular exercise, sleep hygiene, smoking and alcohol restriction represents a recommended therapeutic strategy for OSA. Though this intervention represents an effective tool for improving objective and subjective parameters of OSA, it’s effectivity depends on components of the intervention, OSA severity and gender. Comprehensive remotely-supervised cardiac rehabilitation (CR) represents possible training intervention in home conditions using elements of telemedicine. Purpose This prospective study aims to investigate the feasibility and effect of a remotely-supervised CR in patients with newly diagnosed OSA with Apnea-Hypopnea Index greater than 15 episodes per hour. Methods This monocentric study is designed as a prospective, parallel, randomised, controlled trial of remotely-supervised 12-week CR in male patients between 40-60 years old with newly diagnosed OSA indicated to CPAP therapy. The sample size is calculated by 0,05 level of significance and 80% statistical power on 25 participants in each group. The Intervention group will undergo comprehensive remotely-supervised CR in home conditions with teleconsultation (contains telecoaching, telemonitoring) via regular phone calls and e-mails at least 1-2 times a week. The intervention will include nutrition, health-related lifestyle and behavioral changes recommendations, and at least 5 times a week 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic training, 10 minutes of inspiratory and expiratory muscle training with breathing device and 10 minutes of oropharyngeal exercise along with individually titrated CPAP therapy. The control group will undergo individually titrated CPAP therapy only. The participants in both groups will go through the following assessments before and after this study: polysomnography, spirometry, anthropometry and body composition examination, laboratory values examination, quality of life questionnaires, Epworth sleepiness scale, 6-min walking test. Conclusions: Comprehensive remotely-supervised CR, as mentioned in this study, may represent an adjunct therapy with a promising future in patients with OSA. The study is occupied with a current issue and can also bring new possibilities and experiences in remote rehabilitation.

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Why Do Our Cancer Patients Sleep So Badly? Sleep Disorders in Cancer Patients: A Frequent Symptom with Multiple Causes

Oncology Research and Treatment ◽

10.1159/000518108 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Herwig Strik ◽

Werner Cassel ◽

Michael Teepker ◽

Thomas Schulte ◽

Jorge Riera-Knorrenschild ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Disorders ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Ethics Committee ◽

Breathing Disorders ◽

The One ◽

Diagnosis Therapy ◽

The University ◽

Insomnia Symptoms

Introduction: On the one hand, sleep disorders in cancer patients are reported in 30–50% of cancer patients. On the other hand, specific causes for these sleep disorders are little known. This study was done to evaluate factors which may affect sleep of cancer patients. To our knowledge, this is the first study which includes return to work as one factor of sleep disturbance. Methods: 107 patients with various types of cancer treated in 2 hospitals were interviewed with a battery of questionnaires after having given informed consent. The questionnaires intended to detect abnormalities of sleep and related pain, breathing disorders, restless legs syndrome, depression, rumination, medication, and psychosocial distress. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Marburg. Results: The analysis of the 6 sleep-related questionnaires indicated a sleep disorder of any kind in 68% of all patients. Insomnia symptoms were present in 48 patients (44.9%). Pain, depression, anxiety, and worries about the workplace were significantly related to sleep disorders. Conclusion: Sleep disorders are common in cancer patients. The causes are manifold and should be considered by caregivers during diagnosis, therapy, and aftercare of cancer patients. Tumour patients should actively be asked about sleep disorders. If these are present, they should be addressed, and as they have a large impact on quality of life, treatment options should be offered in cooperation with sleep specialists.

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EXPRESS: Hypoxemia during Sleep and Overnight Rostral Fluid Shift in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: a pilot study

Pulmonary Circulation ◽

10.1177/2045894021996930 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 204589402199693

Author(s):

Etienne-Marie Jutant ◽

David Montani ◽

Caroline Sattler ◽

Sven GÃ¼nther ◽

Olivier Sitbon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Apnea ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽

Arterial Hypertension ◽

Central Sleep Apnea ◽

The Body ◽

Fluid Shift ◽

Sleep Related Breathing Disorders ◽

Breathing Disorders ◽

Pulmonary Arterial

Introduction. Sleep-related breathing disorders, including sleep apnea and hypoxemia during sleep, are common in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Overnight fluid shift from the legs to the upper airway and to the lungs promotes obstructive and central sleep apnea, respectively, in fluid retaining states. The main objective was to evaluate if overnight rostral fluid shift from the legs to the upper part of the body is associated with sleep-related breathing disorders in PAH. Methods. In a prospective study, a group of stable patients with idiopathic, heritable, related to drugs, toxins, or treated congenital heart disease PAH underwent a polysomnography and overnight fluid shift measurement by bioelectrical impedance in the month preceding or following a one-day hospitalization according to regular PAH follow-up schedule with a right heart catheterization. Results. Among 15 patients with PAH (women: 87%; median [25th;75th percentiles] age: 40 [32;61] years; mean pulmonary arterial pressure 56 [46;68] mmHg; pulmonary vascular resistance 8.8 [6.4;10.1] Wood units), 2 patients had sleep apnea and 8 (53%) had hypoxemia during sleep without apnea. The overnight rostral fluid shift was 168 [118;263] mL per leg. Patients with hypoxemia during sleep had a greater fluid shift (221 [141; 361] mL) than those without hypoxemia (118 [44; 178] mL, p = 0.045). Conclusion. This pilot study suggests that hypoxemia during sleep is associated with overnight rostral fluid shift in PAH.

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Comparison of Frequency and Severity of Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Children with Simple Obesity and Paediatric Patients with Prader–Willi Syndrome

Journal of Personalized Medicine ◽

10.3390/jpm11020141 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 141

Author(s):

Agnieszka Lecka-Ambroziak ◽

Marta Wysocka-Mincewicz ◽

Anna Świercz ◽

Małgorzata Jędrzejczak ◽

Mieczysław Szalecki

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Prader Willi Syndrome ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Sleep Related Breathing Disorders ◽

Breathing Disorders ◽

Simple Obesity ◽

Rhgh Treatment ◽

Group 1

Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs) can be present in children with simple obesity and with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) and influence an individual diagnostic and treatment approach. We compared frequency and severity of SRBDs in children with simple obesity and with PWS, both without and on recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment, and correlation of SRBDs with insulin resistance tests. A screening polysomnography-polygraphy (PSG), the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were analysed in three groups of patients—with simple obesity (group 1, n = 30, mean age 14.2 years), patients with PWS without the rhGH therapy (group 2, n = 8, mean age 13.0 years) and during the rhGH treatment (group 3, n = 17, mean age 8.9 years). The oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was significantly higher in groups 2 and 3, compared to group 1 (p = 0.00), and hypopnea index (HI) was higher in group 1 (p = 0.03). Apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) and apnea index (AI) results positively correlated with the insulin resistance parameters in groups 1 and 3. The PSG values worsened along with the increasing insulin resistance in children with simple obesity and patients with PWS treated with rhGH that may lead to a change in the patients’ care.

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