scholarly journals Analysis of Drought Characteristic in Sunit Prairie Based on Precipitation Anomaly Percentage during 2000-2015

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Sun ◽  
Guixiang Liu ◽  
Yuhai Bao ◽  
Xiaode Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Precipitation Anomaly ◽  
Drought Characteristic

scholarly journals Assessing Impact of Climate Variability in Southwest Coastal Bangladesh Using Livelihood Vulnerability Index

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Sabrina Mehzabin ◽  
M. Shahjahan Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Precipitation Anomaly ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Precipitation Concentration Index ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Present Decade ◽  
The Impact

This study analyzed the variability of rainfall and temperature in southwest coastal Bangladesh and assessed the impact of such variability on local livelihood in the last two decades. The variability analysis involved the use of coefficient of variation (CV), standardized precipitation anomaly (Z), and precipitation concentration index (PCI). Linear regression analysis was conducted to assess the trends, and a Mann–Kendall test was performed to detect the significance of the trends. The impact of climate variability was assessed by using a livelihood vulnerability index (LVI), which consisted of six livelihood components with several sub-components under each component. Primary data to construct the LVIs were collected through a semi-structed questionnaire survey of 132 households in a coastal polder. The survey data were triangulated and supplemented with qualitative data from focused group discussions and key informant interviews. The results showed significant rises in temperature in southwest coastal Bangladesh. Though there were no discernable trends in annual and seasonal rainfalls, the anomalies increased in the dry season. The annual PCI and Z were found to capture the climate variability better than the currently used mean monthly standard deviation. The comparison of the LVIs of the present decade with the past indicated that the livelihood vulnerability, particularly in the water component, had increased in the coastal polder due to the increases in natural hazards and climate variability. The index-based vulnerability analysis conducted in this study can be adapted for livelihood vulnerability assessment in deltaic coastal areas of Asia and Africa.

scholarly journals Impacts of the Kuroshio Intrusion through the Luzon Strait on the Local Precipitation Anomaly

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Wen-Pin Fang ◽  
Ding-Rong Wu ◽  
Zhe-Wen Zheng ◽  
Ganesh Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Chung-Ru Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kuroshio Current ◽  
Precipitation Anomaly ◽  
Luzon Strait ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Northwestern Pacific ◽  
Kuroshio Intrusion ◽  
Vertical Advection ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
The Kuroshio

The Kuroshio Current has its origin in the northwestern Pacific, flowing northward to the east of Taiwan and the northern part of Luzon Island. As the Kuroshio Current flows northward, it quasi-periodically intrudes (hereafter referred to as Kuroshio intrusion (KI)) into the northern South China Sea (SCS) basin through the Luzon Strait. Despite the complex generation mechanisms of KI, the purpose of this study is to improve our understanding of the effects of KI through the Luzon Strait on the regional atmospheric and weather variations. Long-term multiple satellite observations, including absolute dynamic topography, absolute geostrophic currents, sea surface winds by ASCAT, multi-scale ultra-high resolution sea surface temperature (MURSST) level-four analysis, and research-quality three-hourly TRMM multi-satellite precipitation analysis (TMPA), was used to systematically examine the aforementioned scientific problem. Analysis indicates that the KI is interlinked with the consequential anomalous precipitation off southwestern Taiwan. This anomalous precipitation would lead to ~560 million tons of freshwater influx during each KI event. Subsequently, independent moisture budget analysis suggests that moisture, mainly from vertical advection, is the possible source of the precipitation anomaly. Additionally, a bulk formula analysis was applied to understand how KI can trigger the precipitation anomaly through vertical advection of moisture without causing an evident change in the low-level flows. These new research findings might reconcile the divisiveness on why winds are not showing a synchronous response during the KI and consequential anomalous precipitation events.

An Observed Tropical Oceanic Radiative–Convective Cloud Feedback

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 2065-2078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Lebsock ◽  
Christian Kummerow ◽  
Graeme L. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Stability ◽  
Convective Cloud ◽  
Precipitation Anomaly ◽  
Cloud Feedback ◽  
Radiative Heating ◽  
Large Spatial Scale ◽  
Cloud Properties ◽  
Tropical Oceans ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

Abstract Anomalies of precipitation, cloud, thermodynamic, and radiation variables are analyzed on the large spatial scale defined by the tropical oceans. In particular, relationships between the mean tropical oceanic precipitation anomaly and radiative anomalies are examined. It is found that tropical mean precipitation is well correlated with cloud properties and radiative fields. In particular, the tropical mean precipitation anomaly is positively correlated with the top of the atmosphere reflected shortwave anomaly and negatively correlated with the emitted longwave anomaly. The tropical mean relationships are found to primarily result from a coherent oscillation of precipitation and the area of high-level cloudiness. The correlations manifest themselves radiatively as a modest decrease in net downwelling radiation at the top of the atmosphere, and a redistribution of energy from the surface to the atmosphere through reduced solar radiation to the surface and decreased longwave emission to space. Integrated over the tropical oceanic domain, the anomalous atmospheric column radiative heating is found to be about 10% of the magnitude of the anomalous latent heating. The temporal signature of the radiative heating is observed in the column mean temperature that indicates a coherent phase-lagged oscillation between atmospheric stability and convection. These relationships are identified as a radiative–convective cloud feedback that is observed on intraseasonal time scales in the tropical atmosphere.

scholarly journals Changes in Frequency of Occurrence of Yearly Precipitation Anomalies in the Lublin Region in the Second Half of the 20th Century

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Szczepan Mrugała ◽  
Krzysztof Siwek
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Anomaly ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Positive Anomaly ◽  
Precipitation Anomalies ◽  
Yearly Precipitation

Abstract The aim of this paper is to characterise changes in frequency of occurrence of anomalous yearly sums of atmospheric precipitation in the Lublin region in the period 1951-2000. In the second half of the 20th century negative precipitation anomaly occurred in a larger number of stations than the positive anomaly. Particularly strong anomalies were observed in two decades (1951-1960 and 1981-1990). However, during two following decades (1961-1970 and 1971-1980) the positive anomaly occurred in more stations.

scholarly journals Estimation of hydrological drought recovery based on GRACE water storage deficit

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alka Singh ◽  
John T. Reager ◽  
Ali Behrangi
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Period ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Precipitation Anomaly ◽  
Precipitation Forecast ◽  
Climate Extreme ◽  
Terrestrial Water Storage ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Drought Recovery ◽  
Terrestrial Water

Abstract. Drought is a natural climate extreme phenomenon that presents great challenges in forecasting and monitoring for water management purposes. Previous studies have examined the use of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) terrestrial water storage anomalies to measure the amount of water missing from a drought-affected region, and other studies have attempted statistical approaches to drought recovery forecasting based on joint probabilities of precipitation and soil moisture. The goal of this study is to combine GRACE data with historical precipitation observations to quantify the amount of precipitation required to achieve normal storage conditions in order to estimate a likely drought recovery time. First, linear relationships between terrestrial water storage anomaly (TWSA) and cumulative precipitation anomaly are established across a range of conditions. Then, historical precipitation data are statistically modeled to develop simplistic precipitation forecast skill. Three different precipitation scenarios are simulated by using a standard deviation in climatology. Precipitation scenarios are convolved with precipitation deficit estimates to calculate best-estimate of a drought recovery period. The results show that in the regions of strong seasonal amplitude (like monsoon belt) drought continues even with the above-normal precipitation until its wet season. Historical GRACE-observed drought recovery period is used to validate the approach. Estimated drought for an example month demonstrated 80% similar recovery period as observed by the GRACE.

scholarly journals Precipitation Changes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and the Relationship with Water Level Change

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6110
Author(s):  
Qin Li ◽  
Xiuguo Liu ◽  
Yulong Zhong ◽  
Mengmeng Wang ◽  
Manxing Shi
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Three Gorges Reservoir ◽  
Precipitation Anomaly ◽  
Three Gorges Reservoir Area ◽  
Three Gorges ◽  
Reservoir Area ◽  
Precipitation Concentration ◽  
The Three Gorges ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Precipitation Changes

As the largest hydroelectric project worldwide, previous studies indicate that the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) affects the local climate because of the changes of hydrological cycle caused by the impounding and draining of the TGD. However, previous studies do not analyze the long-term precipitation changes before and after the impoundment, and the variation characteristics of local precipitation remain elusive. In this study, we use precipitation anomaly data derived from the CN05.1 precipitation dataset between 1988 and 2017 to trace the changes of precipitation before and after the construction of the TGD (i.e., 1988–2002 and 2003–2017), in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA). Results showed that the annual and dry season precipitation anomaly in the TGRA presented an increasing trend, and the precipitation anomaly showed a slight decrease during the flood season. After the impoundment of TGD, the precipitation concentration degree in the TGRA decreased, indicating that the precipitation became increasingly uniform, and the precipitation concentration period insignificantly increased. A resonance phenomenon between the monthly average water level and precipitation anomaly occurred in the TGRA after 2011 and showed a positive correlation. Our findings revealed the change of local precipitation characteristics before and after the impoundment of TGD and showed strong evidence that this change had a close relationship with the water level.

The Apparent Water Vapor Sinks and Heat Sources Associated with the Intraseasonal Oscillation of the Indian Summer Monsoon

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 4466-4479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Wong ◽  
Eric J. Fetzer ◽  
Baijun Tian ◽  
Bjorn Lambrigtsen ◽  
Hengchun Ye
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Indian Summer Monsoon ◽  
Intraseasonal Oscillation ◽  
Precipitation Anomaly ◽  
Specific Humidity ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Test Bed

Abstract The possibility of using remote sensing retrievals to estimate apparent water vapor sinks and heat sources is explored. The apparent water vapor sinks and heat sources are estimated from a combination of remote sensing, specific humidity, and temperature from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder/Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AIRS) and wind fields from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)’s Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC)’s Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA). The intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) of the Indian summer monsoon is used as a test bed to evaluate the apparent water vapor sink and heat source. The ISO-related northward movement of the column-integrated apparent water vapor sink matches that of precipitation observed by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) minus the MERRA surface evaporation, although the amplitude of the variation is underestimated by 50%. The diagnosed water vapor and heat budgets associated with convective events during various phases of the ISO agree with the moisture–convection feedback mechanism. The apparent heat source moves northward coherently with the apparent water vapor sink associated with the deep convective activity, which is consistent with the northward migration of the precipitation anomaly. The horizontal advection of water vapor and dynamical warming are strong north of the convective area, causing the northward movement of the convection by the destabilization of the atmosphere. The spatial distribution of the apparent heat source anomalies associated with different phases of the ISO is consistent with that of the diabatic heating anomalies from the trained heating (TRAIN Q1) dataset. Further diagnostics of the TRAIN Q1 heating anomalies indicate that the ISO in the apparent heat source is dominated by a variation in latent heating associated with the precipitation.

scholarly journals North African vegetation-precipitation feedback in early and mid-Holocene climate simulations with CCSM3-DGVM

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2055-2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rachmayani ◽  
M. Prange ◽  
M. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
West African Monsoon ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Precipitation Anomaly ◽  
Multiple Equilibrium ◽  
North African ◽  
African Region ◽  
Sahel Region

Abstract. The present study analyses the sign, strength and working mechanism of the vegetation-precipitation feedback over North Africa in middle (6 ka BP) and early Holocene (9 ka BP) simulations using the comprehensive coupled climate-vegetation model CCSM3-DGVM. The coupled model simulates enhanced summer rainfall and a northward migration of the West African monsoon trough along with an expansion of the vegetation cover for the early and middle Holocene compared to pre-industrial. It is shown that dynamic vegetation enhances the orbitally triggered summer precipitation anomaly by approximately 20% in the Sahara/Sahel region (10° N–25° N, 20° W–30° E) in both the early and mid-Holocene experiments compared to their fixed-vegetation counterparts. The primary vegetation-rainfall feedback identified here operates through surface latent heat flux anomalies by canopy evaporation and transpiration and their effect on the mid-tropospheric African Easterly Jet, whereas the effects of vegetation changes on surface albedo and local water recycling play a negligible role. Even though CCSM3-DGVM simulates a positive vegetation-precipitation feedback in the North African region, this feedback is not strong enough to produce multiple equilibrium climate-ecosystem states on a regional scale.

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