scholarly journals An Analysis of Clinical Characters of Inpatients with Infection in the Department of Endocrinology

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Foot Infection ◽  
Per Capita

Objective: To analyze the clinical characters of 812 inpatients with infection in the Department of Endocrinology. Methods: Retrospective exhibition of these patients' clinical characters included undergoing diseases, infectious organs, history illness, blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), biochemical indicators, pathogens training description and results, medical imagines, antibiotic utilization, length of stay and hospital costs, final diagnosis and situations. Results: Non-diabetic patients accounted for 176 (21.67%), who were the cases of untreated well hyperthyroidism, mainly suffered with respiratory tract infection. Diabetic patients accounted for 636 (78.33%). In the type2 diabetes patients 376 (59.12) suffered with urinary tract infection. 192 (30.19%) suffered with respiratory system infection, 124 (19.50%) were accompanied with diabetic foot infection, which had 74 (59.67%) patients with HbA1C＞9.0%.Statistical comparisons showed that the days of antibiotic use and average length of stay in hospital per capita in patients with HbA1C≥8% were more than ones with HbA1C＜8% in those with diabetic infections (P＜0.01) . The days of antibiotic use per capita in patients with HbA1C＞9% were more than ones with HbA1C＜7% in those with diabetic foot infections (P＜0.01). Conclusion: Endocrine diseases lack rigid and effective long-term control, which may result in the complications involved with urinary tract, respiratory tract and infections in other organs. The time of hospitalization per capita and the duration of antibiotic use rise are longer in diabetic patients with poor blood sugar control and diabetic foot infection.

scholarly journals Effect of Healthcare-Acquired Infection on Length of Hospital Stay and Cost

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Graves ◽  
Diana Weinhold ◽  
Edward Tong ◽  
Frances Birrell ◽  
Shane Doidge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay

Objective.To estimate the independent effect of a single lower respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, or other healthcare-acquired infection on length-of-stay and variable costs and to demonstrate the bias from omitted variables that is present in previous estimates.Design.Prospective cohort study.Setting.A tertiary care referral hospital and regional district hospital in southeast Queensland, Australia.Patients.Adults aged 18 years or older with a minimum inpatient stay of 1 night who were admitted to selected clinical specialities.Results.Urinary tract infection was not associated with an increase in length of hospital stay or variable costs. Lower respiratory tract infection was associated with an increase of 2.58 days in the hospital and variable costs of AU$24, whereas other types of infection were associated with an increased length of stay of 2.61 days but not with variable costs. Many other factors were found to be associated with increased length of stay and variable costs alongside healthcare-acquired infection. The exclusion of these variables caused a positive bias in the estimates of the costs of healthcare-acquired infection.Conclusions.The existing literature may overstate the costs of healthcare-acquired infection because of bias, and the existing estimates of excess costs may not make intuitive sense to clinicians and policy makers. Accurate estimates of the costs of healthcare-acquired infection should be made and used in appropriately designed decision-analytic economic models (ie, cost-effectiveness models) that will make valid and believable predictions of the economic value of increased infection control.

scholarly journals Cranberry Extract for Symptoms of Acute, Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection: A Systematic Review

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Oghenekome A. Gbinigie ◽  
Elizabeth A. Spencer ◽  
Carl J. Heneghan ◽  
Joseph J. Lee ◽  
Christopher C. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Cranberry Juice

Background: Effective alternatives to antibiotics for alleviating symptoms of acute infections may be appealing to patients and enhance antimicrobial stewardship. Cranberry-based products are already in wide use for symptoms of acute urinary tract infection (UTI). The aim of this review was to identify and critically appraise the supporting evidence. Methods: The protocol was registered on PROSPERO. Searches were conducted of Medline, Embase, Amed, Cinahl, The Cochrane library, Clinicaltrials.gov and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. We included randomised clinical trials (RCTs) and non-randomised studies evaluating the effect of cranberry extract in the management of acute, uncomplicated UTI on symptoms, antibiotic use, microbiological assessment, biochemical assessment and adverse events. Study risk of bias assessments were made using Cochrane criteria. Results: We included three RCTs (n = 688) judged to be at moderate risk of bias. One RCT (n = 309) found that advice to consume cranberry juice had no statistically significant effect on UTI frequency symptoms (mean difference (MD) −0.01 (95% CI: −0.37 to 0.34), p = 0.94)), on UTI symptoms of feeling unwell (MD 0.02 (95% CI: −0.36 to 0.39), p = 0.93)) or on antibiotic use (odds ratio 1.27 (95% CI: 0.47 to 3.43), p = 0.64), when compared with promoting drinking water. One RCT (n = 319) found no symptomatic benefit from combining cranberry juice with immediate antibiotics for an acute UTI, compared with placebo juice combined with immediate antibiotics. In one RCT (n = 60), consumption of cranberry extract capsules was associated with a within-group improvement in urinary symptoms and Escherichia coli load at day 10 compared with baseline (p < 0.01), which was not found in untreated controls (p = 0.72). Two RCTs were under-powered to detect differences between groups for outcomes of interest. There were no serious adverse effects associated with cranberry consumption. Conclusion: The current evidence base for or against the use of cranberry extract in the management of acute, uncomplicated UTIs is inadequate; rigorous trials are needed.

scholarly journals Randomized Prospective Controlled Trial of Recombinant Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor as Adjunctive Therapy for Limb-Threatening Diabetic Foot Infection

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1094-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fausto de Lalla ◽  
Giampietro Pellizzer ◽  
Marco Strazzabosco ◽  
Zeno Martini ◽  
Giovanni Du Jardin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Adjunctive Therapy ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Diabetic Foot Infection ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Stimulating Factor

ABSTRACT Adult diabetic patients admitted to our Diabetes Center from September 1996 to January 1998 for severe, limb-threatening foot infection were consecutively enrolled in a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study aimed at assessing the safety and efficacy of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (lenograstim) as an adjunctive therapy for the standard treatment of diabetic foot infection. Forty patients, all of whom displayed evidence of osteomyelitis and long-standing ulcer infection, were randomized 1:1 to receive either conventional treatment (i.e., antimicrobial therapy plus local treatment) or conventional therapy plus 263 μg of G-CSF subcutaneously daily for 21 days. The empiric antibiotic treatment (a combination of ciprofloxacin plus clindamycin) was further adjusted, when necessary, according to the results of cultures and sensitivity testing. Microbiologic assessment of foot ulcers was performed by both deep-tissue biopsy and swab cultures, performed at enrollment and on days 7 and 21 thereafter. Patients were monitored for 6 months; the major endpoints (i.e., cure, improvement, failure, and amputation) were blindly assessed at weeks 3 and 9. At enrollment, both patient groups were comparable in terms of both demographic and clinical data. None of the G-CSF-treated patients experienced either local or systemic adverse effects. At the 3- and 9-week assessments, no significant differences between the two groups could be observed concerning the number of patients either cured or improved, the number of patients displaying therapeutic failure, or the species and number of microorganisms previously yielded from cultures at day 7 and day 21. Conversely, among this small series of patients the cumulative number of amputations observed after 9 weeks of treatment appeared to be lower in the G-CSF arm; in fact, only three patients (15%) in this group had required amputation, whereas nine patients (45%) in the other group had required amputation (P = 0.038). In conclusion, the administration of G-CSF for 3 weeks as an adjunctive therapy for limb-threatening diabetic foot infection was associated with a lower rate of amputation within 9 weeks after the commencement of standard treatment. Further clinical studies aimed at precisely defining the role of this approach to this serious complication of diabetes mellitus appear to be justified.

scholarly journals Isolation and diagnosis of bacteria causing urinary tract infection in pregnant and non pregnant females with diabetes mellitus type2

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Faraj Hatto Joni
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Microscopical Examination ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Esherichia Coli

Diabetic patients have more outcomes of urinary tract infection than non diabetes, mortality of urinary tract infection (UTI) is 5 times higher in patients with diabetes old age, the incidence of urinary tract infection in pregnant women is slightly higher than non pregnant women, urinary tract infection in pregnant women either as a symptomatic bacteriiuria or symptomatic infection, which is more complication during pregnancy this present study was done in March 2016 to July 2016, the patients were females, total samples of 80 patient of pregnant and non pregnant with diabetes mellitus, selected from medical and general surgical wards, the samples were sending to teaching laboratories from the same hospital, the present study show that the incidence of UTI at non pregnant diabetic women occur at age (9-11) years (45%), the most common causative agents of UTI in diabetic pregnant females is Esherichia coli 20(50%), the results of microscopical examination of urine of pregnant with diabetes mellitus of urine of pregnant with diabetes mellitus revealed that (43), pyuria and (28) had crystals, and the result of microscopical examination of urine of non pregnant females with diabetes mellitus revealed that the common causative agent is Esherichia coli 3(30%), (9) had pyuria and (4) had crystals.

scholarly journals Evaluation of ESBL (Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase) Producing Escherichia Coli Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection by Phenotypic and Genotypic Methods

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hasan Namaei ◽  
Hengameh Hamzei ◽  
Marzie Moghanni ◽  
Azadeh Ebrahimzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
M Gene ◽  
Esbl Producer ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection in the world. E. coli is the predominant Pathogen. This study evaluates the prevalence of ESBL in E. colis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections with phenotypic and genotypic methods.Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was done on 155 isolates of E. coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infection who had received the study consent. After accurate identification of E. coli strains. ESBL production for Escherichia coli isolates which are resistant to ceftriaxone or ceftazidime was evaluated by CDT method. TEM, SHV and CTX-M genes were identified by PCR.Results: The results showed that 30 strains from 155 strains of E. coli had ESBL. Strains of ESBL producer were more in males was lower in educated persons. 38.9% of ESBL producer had antibiotic use, 29.9% -producing Escherichia hospitalization and 31.6% uti history. The highest level of drug allergy in the ESBL was related to nitrofurantoin, and the highest resistance was related to cefazolin, co-trimoxazole. The CTX-M and the CTX-M15 gene were found in 92.7% and 57.1% of cases, respectively; also the SHV and TEM genes were not found in any of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli strains. Most therapeutic response in patients was related to cefexime, ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin 27.4%, 26% 21.9%, respectively.Conclusion: This study showed that the history of antibiotic use, hospitalization, uti related to increase of ESBL-producing in E. coli isolates., the CTMX-M gene is the most common gene in ESBL-producing E. coli strains.

Urinary Tract Infection Caused By Bacterial Pathogens of The Respiratory Tract In Children

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Takahashi ◽  
Takanori Funaki ◽  
Akira Ishiguro ◽  
Isao Miyairi
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Urinary Tract Abnormalities ◽  
Vesicocutaneous Fistula

Abstract Urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by bacterial pathogens of the respiratory tract such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis is rare and little is known about their characteristics and potential host risk factors. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study on pediatric UTI due to S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus spp., or M. catarrhalis at a tertiary-care pediatric hospital. Pediatric patients with diagnosed UTI between 2002 and 2020 were included. Patient demographics, laboratory data, and microbiological findings were extracted from their electronic medical records and the infectious disease surveillance system. Among 46,332 urine samples, 76 bacteriuria (0.16%) and 22 UTI (0.05%) events due to the targeted species were identified (S. pneumoniae [n=7] and Haemophilus spp. [n=15]). Of the patients, 17 (85%) had underlying urinary tract abnormalities and 13 (60%) had vesicocutaneous fistula. All the UTI episodes caused by S. pneumoniae and Haemophilus spp. occurred after cystostomy. All the patients had satisfactory clinical outcomes.Conclusion: Although S. pneumoniae and Haemophilus spp. are rare causes of UTI in children, they could be the true causative bacteria of UTI even when detected in urine specimens, particularly in the patients with urinary tract abnormalities and vesicocutaneous fistula.

Health guidelines to prevent recurrence of urinary tract infection among diabetic patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
SharbatT Hassanine ◽  
ManarF Hamza ◽  
EglalH Abdel-Hakeim
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Diabetic Patients
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