scholarly journals Awareness of HIV status and partner disclosure among antenatal clinic attendants: experience from a regional hospital in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 014-027
Author(s):  
Boniface Mensah ◽  
Betty Roberta Norman ◽  
John Jude Kweku Annan ◽  
Anthony Enimil ◽  
Martin Agyei
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Human Immune Deficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Partner Disclosure ◽  
Hiv Serostatus

Introduction: A pregnant woman’s knowledge of her human immune deficiency virus (HIV) serostatus and that of her sexual partner and the disclosure of her serostatus to the partner puts her in a better position to make informed choices about her pregnancy, adopt strategies to prevent mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV and reduce sexual transmission of HIV. Some pregnant women however opt out of antenatal HIV testing while others have challenges with partner disclosure. This study sought to assess the pregnant women’s knowledge of their HIV serostatus and that of their partners, and disclosure to partners about their serostatus. Methods: An ethically approved cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the antenatal clinic (ANC) of the Kumasi South Hospital, Ghana from the period 8th March to 5th April, 2016. A structured questionnaire was administered to 407 ANC attendants who were randomly selected to participate in the study. Data entry was in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using R Core Team (2014). Results: The study showed that 80.1% (n = 326/407) of the participants knew their HIV serostatus. Of these, 18.1% (n = 59/326) knew prior to the current pregnancy and 81.9% (n = 267/326) were told during the current pregnancy. Among those who knew their HIV serostatus, the majority [83.1%; (n = 271/326)] had disclosed to their partners. Most of the participants [70.76%; (n = 288/407)] had no knowledge of their partners’ status. Conclusion: Every pregnant woman should know their HIV status, disclose it to their sexual partners and know the status of their sexual partners as this will PMTCT, reduce HIV transmission and acquisition among sero- discordant couples.

scholarly journals Attendance of psychosocial teen clubs and self-reported antiretroviral medication adherence: a cross section study of adolescents with perinatal HIV in the Kingdom of Lesotho

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-552
Author(s):  
Sphiwe Madiba ◽  
◽  
Ntaoleng Mohlabane
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Supportive Environment ◽  
Antiretroviral Medication ◽  
Perinatal Hiv ◽  
Antiretroviral Medication Adherence

<abstract><sec> <title>Background</title> <p>To address the problem of poor adherence among adolescents with perinatal HIV (PHIV), all clinics in Lesotho offer adolescent-friendly services and psychosocial support to improve their overall health outcomes and adherence. As a result, most adolescents with PHIV attend Teen Clubs as part of the package of youth-friendly HIV services. This study set out to determine whether attending Teen Clubs facilitates treatment adherence among adolescents with PHIV.</p> </sec><sec> <title>Methods</title> <p>In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 130 adolescents aged 10–19 years who were aware of their HIV status and had attended three or more Teen Club sessions in selected clinics in rural district in Lesotho. Adherence was measured through self-report of last pills missed, based on the 7-days recall of pills taken. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data.</p> </sec><sec> <title>Results</title> <p>The median age of adolescents was 15 years, 56% were female, 37.7% were orphans, 41% were being cared for by their grandparents, 6.9% were living with siblings with no adult figure, and two were living on their own. The majority (93%) reported optimal adherence, 92% had not missed a clinic appointment in the past 30 days, and 74.4% knew that if they skipped doses, the viral load would increase and they would get sick. Over half (56%) had been reminded by their caregivers to take their medication and 96% talked to their caregivers regularly about their medication.</p> </sec><sec> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>A supportive environment provided through the Teen Clubs and in the home were the main facilitators for adherence. Strategies to improve adherence among adolescents should consider the importance of the involvement of caregivers in the adolescents' visits to their clinic.</p> </sec></abstract>

scholarly journals Methodology utilized in the socio-economic determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Katutura, Windhoek: Namibia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Taimi Nauiseb ◽  
Susie-Ubomba Jaswa
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Pregnant Adolescent

This study focuses on the methodology utilized in the study of the socio-economic determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Katutura, Windhoek: Namibia. The following aspects were explained, processed and methods use to conduct the study, the framework of the study, the procedures in selecting the participants and setting of the interviews. The aim of this study was to collect detailed information to explore the socio-economic determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Katutura, Windhoek: Namibia.The clinical study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study of three months duration. Semi-structured interviews methods were utilized to collect the data. A random sampling method was use to select the participant e.g. every second pregnant adolescent was interviewed.The interviews were done on specific days, Mondays and Thursdays, which were the follow-up days for antenatal clinic. Study participants were selected from a population of pregnant women attending the Katutura antenatal clinic. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were adhered in the selection process. Study population was all pregnant women attending the Katutura antenatal clinic during the time of the study. The study sample of 150 pregnant adolescent were accepted into the study. Data analysis; mixed methods analysis was used to interpret the data.Based on some the findings of the study 89% of the pregnant adolescent falls between the ages 17-21 who visited the ante -natal clinic. The majority interviewed represents 65% of the highest-grade completed grade 8-10. The mean age of the first intercourse is 16.5 years.

scholarly journals Barriers to and Facilitators of HIV Serostatus Disclosure to Sexual Partners among Postpartum Women Living with HIV in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladele Vincent Adeniyi ◽  
Charlotte Nwogwugwu ◽  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi ◽  
John Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Serostatus Disclosure ◽  
Hiv Serostatus ◽  
Women With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Status Disclosure ◽  
Status Disclosure

Abstract Background: Disclosure of HIV serostatus to sexual partner facilitates partner's support and testing, and correlates with better treatment outcomes. Studies examining changes in the rate of serostatus from delivery and postpartum periods are scarce. Our study fills this gap by using a follow-up survey of postpartum women with HIV to examine if disclosure prevalence has improved compared to the proportion recorded at childbirth. We further assessed the reasons for non-disclosure and correlates of serostatus disclosure to sexual partners. Methods: We conducted telephonic interviews with a final sample of 485 postpartum women with HIV drawn from the East London Prospective Cohort study database between January and May 2018. Disclosure of HIV status to partner was based on self-reporting. We fitted adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression models and also conducted descriptive statistical analyses. Sampling weights were used to correct for sampling errors. Results: Overall, 81.8% of women in the study cohort had disclosed their status to their partners, representing a 7.4 percentage point increase since child delivery. After adjusting for important covariates, women were more likely to disclose their status if they were married [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 3.10; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.39-6.91] but were less likely to disclose if they use alcohol [AOR: 0.61; 95% CI:0.37-0.99] or reported sub-optimal adherence [AOR: 0.59; 95% CI:0.36-0.96]. Fear of rejection, stigma or being judged, new or casual relationships, and having a violent partner were the main reasons for not disclosing HIV status to sexual partners. Conclusion: We found a relatively higher rate of HIV status disclosure in the cohort compared to the rate recorded at childbirth, suggesting the likelihood of positive effect of post-delivery counselling. Also, complicated relationship dynamics and fear of social exclusion still constitute barriers to HIV status disclosure to sexual partners despite patients' counselling.

scholarly journals HIV Antibody Seroprevalence and Determinants Amongst Antenatal Clients in a Tertiary Hospital in the Niger Delta

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Kotingo E.L. ◽  
Allagoa D.O.B.
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: The pandemicity of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has continued to be a ‘medical quagmire,’ one of the most serious global catastrophe and public health problem that plagues the world today. Objectives: To determine the seroprevalence and clinico-epidemiological correlates of HIV infection in pregnancy. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross sectional study. Two hundred and twenty (220) consecutive healthy pregnant women attending the antenatal booking clinic of the hospital who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. Data was collected via a questionnaire. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS (statistical package forsocial sciences) 22 statistical package (SPSS Inc., Illinois, U.S.A). P value less than 0.05 was taken as being significant. Results: Of the 220 women, 4.6% (n=10) were seropositive for HIV antibodies. Multiple sexual partners was the significant risk factors for HIV seropositivity (p<0.05). There was no significant association with respect to tattoo/scarification marks, female circumcision, previous blood transfusion, intravenous drug abuse or sharing of sharps, previous surgery, episiotomies or dilatation and curettage (p>0.05). Conclusion: The high endemicity of HIV infection in this study justifies the need for routine screening in pregnancy to identify and institute treatment of the infection promptly as this will reduce the mother to child transmission of the virus. Sex education on the dangers of multiple sexual partners or sexual promiscuity, availability of barrier methods of contraception and patronage, more efforts/interventions by relevant agencies, high sense of vigilance amongst others are very vital to curtailing this global pandemic in our society.

scholarly journals Evaluating Organizational Performance of Public Hospitals using the McKinsey 7-S Framework

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Chmielewska ◽  
Jakub Stokwiszewski ◽  
Justyna Markowska ◽  
Tomasz Hermanowski
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Management Style ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
World Health ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background This study examined non-financial aspects of the organizational performance of public hospitals from the perspective of hospital physicians; the obtained results were analyzed to identify the necessary improvements in organizational performance. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of multidisciplinary public hospitals on a group of 249 randomly selected physicians from 22 in-patient departments or clinics operating in the Warsaw region. The study data was collected using the structured World Health Organization questionnaires (to be filled out by respondents) assessing the hospital’s organizational performance variables qualified according to the McKinsey 7-S Framework. Epidata software version 3.1 was used for data entry, and the analysis was carried out in the SPSS software, version 19. The results of the organization evaluation are presented in the McKinsey 7-S Framework diagram. Key elements of the performance factors were grouped into ‘stens’, and the sten values were expressed as arithmetic means. Normal distribution of the stens was validated with the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The significance of differences between the analyzed stens was compared with the paired Student t-test. The interdependence of the variables was determined using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results The results revealed a significant difference (p <0.05) in the respondents’ assessment of social (a mean score of 2.58) and technical (a mean score of 2.80) organizational aspects of the hospital operation. Scores for all variables were low. The social elements of an organization with the lowest score included ‘staff’, and in it the aspect – ‘efforts are made to inspire employees at the lowest levels of the organization’, ‘skills’ involving the learning style followed by the management/managerial staff, and ‘management style’ (average scores of 2.38, 2.56, 2.61, respectively). Conclusion Consistently with the existing literature, social factors were shown to play a more significant role in the management and they therefore deserve careful attention and more recognition when identifying and improving the key aspects affecting the organizational performance of public hospitals. Technical elements (strategy, structure, system) are important, but were demonstrated to have limited effect on the organizational operations geared towards ensuring effective functioning of a public hospital.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KETERBUKAAN STATUS HIV SEROPOSITIF WANITA PENDERITA HIV/AIDS TERHADAP PASANGAN SEKSUAL DI LSM VICTORY YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Dwi Kartika Rukmi ◽  
Miftafu Darussalam
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Hiv Disclosure ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Women With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: The disclosure of women’s HIV status toward their sexual partners is an important issue that should be regarded as one of the efforts to prevent and control the spread of HIV. Research on the disclosure of seropositive HIV status as well as women-related factors in Indonesia, especially Yogyakarta is only a few. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyse a factor related to the growth of HIV-positive female HIV/AIDS to sexual partners in LSM Victory Yogyakarta Methods: This is a correlational descriptive research along with its cross-sectional approach on 329 women with HIV/AIDS at the Victory Plus NGO from June to July 2016. This research used a purposive sampling method and a questionnaire as the data collection technique. The bivariate analysis test was undertaken by using a chi square and multivariate test along with a logistic regression. Result: The multivariate analysis and logistic regression show five independent variables related to the disclosure of seropositive HIV status of women with HIV/AIDS toward their sexual partners, namely ethnicity (aOR = 36,859; 95% CI; (6,544-207,616)) religion (aOR =0,255; 95%CI; (0,075-0,868)), discussion with partners prior to the HIV test (aOR =0,069; 95%CI; (0,065-0,438)) , types of sexual partners (aOR = 0.191; 95% CI; (0.082-0,445)) and knowledge on the partners’ HIV status (aOR = 0.036; 95% CI; (0.008-0.160)). The highest level of reason for seropositive HIV women not to be open about their partners’ status is the fear of being rejected by their partners and the environmental stigma of HIV AIDS disease. Conclusion: The disclosure of seropositive HIV status in women with HIV/AIDS in the Victory Plus NGO of Yogyakarta was 79.4% or classified as a high category with some related factors such as ethnicity, religion, discussion with partners prior to the HIV test, types of partners and knowledge on the partners’ HIV status. Keywords: Women, HIV, Disclosure, Sexual Partner.

scholarly journals HIV Serostatus Disclosure Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China in the Era of U=U and PrEP

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangnan Cao ◽  
Jinghua Li ◽  
Shengzhi Sun ◽  
Carla Sturm ◽  
Liping Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Disclosure ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serostatus Disclosure ◽  
Hiv Serostatus ◽  
Hiv Serostatus Disclosure ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Prep Awareness

AbstractGiven the recent evidence on “Undetectable = Untransmittable” (U=U) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), the present study aimed to investigate HIV disclosure behaviors and their associations with sexual risk behaviors and U=U and PrEP awareness among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 689 MSM recruited through a gay-friendly non-governmental organization located in Chengdu, China in 2018–2019. Information was collected by a structured self-administrated questionnaire. The enrolled sample included 554 (80.4%) participants who were HIV-negative and 135 (19.6%) participants with an unknown HIV status. In terms of disclosure, 41.4% of participants informed all partners about their HIV status all the time (informing behavior), while 30.4% asked all partners about their HIV status all the time (asking behavior). Only one-fifth knew about U=U, but this was not statistically associated with either informing or asking behavior. Half (50.5%) had heard of PrEP but this was not statistically associated with either informing or asking behavior. Common barriers to informing and asking behaviors were lower risk perception of HIV infection, a history of sexually transmitted infections, engagement in receptive sex, and a history of sex with casual partners. We found that both U=U and PrEP awareness and HIV serostatus disclosure were infrequent and not associated in this study of Chinese MSM. These data indicate huge information gaps among MSM in China.

scholarly journals HIV positive status disclosure to a sexual partner: the influence of marital status and partner communication

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLADELE VINCENT ADENIYI ◽  
Charlotte Nwogwugwu ◽  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi ◽  
John Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Partner ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Women With Hiv ◽  
Status Disclosure

Abstract Background Disclosure of HIV serostatus to sexual partner does not only facilitate partner's support and testing, but it also correlates with better treatment outcomes. We drew from a cross-sectional survey data conducted among postpartum women with HIV to examine the rate of serostatus disclosure to sexual partners, the influence of relationship status, and knowing one's partner's status on disclosure and reasons for non-disclosure.Methods We conducted telephonic interviews with a final sample of 485 postpartum women with HIV drawn from the East London Prospective Cohort study database between January and May 2018. Disclosure of HIV status to partner was based on self-reporting. We fitted adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression models and also conducted descriptive statistical analyses.Results Overall, 82.5% of the respondents had disclosed their status to their partners. After adjusting for important covariates (age, education level, employment status, number of years since HIV diagnosis, alcohol use and smoking behaviour), being married [adjusted odd ratio (AOR): 2.66; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.17–6.05] and knowing one's partner's status [AOR: 46.91; 95% CI:19.50-112.81] were significantly associated with a higher odds of having disclosed HIV status to sexual partners. Fear of rejection, stigma or being judged, new or casual relationships, and having a violent partner were the main reasons for not disclosing HIV status to sexual partners.Conclusion We found a relatively high rate of HIV status disclosure in the cohort. Being married and having open communication with a partner about HIV status are important factors facilitating disclosure to sexual partners.

ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KETERBUKAAN STATUS HIV SEROPOSITIF WANITA PENDERITA HIV/AIDS TERHADAP PASANGAN SEKSUAL DI LSM VICTORY YOGYAKARTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Dwi Kartika Rukmi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Hiv Disclosure ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Women With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: The disclosure of women’s HIV status toward their sexual partners is an important issue that should be regarded as one of the efforts to prevent and control the spread of HIV. Research on the disclosure of seropositive HIV status as well as women-related factors in Indonesia, especially Yogyakarta is only a few. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyse a factor related to the growth of HIV-positive female HIV/AIDS to sexual partners in LSM Victory Yogyakarta Methods: This is a correlational descriptive research along with its cross-sectional approach on 329 women with HIV/AIDS at the Victory Plus NGO from June to July 2016. This research used a purposive sampling method and a questionnaire as the data collection technique. The bivariate analysis test was undertaken by using a chi square and multivariate test along with a logistic regression. Result: The multivariate analysis and logistic regression show five independent variables related to the disclosure of seropositive HIV status of women with HIV/AIDS toward their sexual partners, namely ethnicity (aOR = 36,859; 95% CI; (6,544-207,616)) religion (aOR =0,255; 95%CI; (0,075-0,868)), discussion with partners prior to the HIV test (aOR =0,069; 95%CI; (0,065-0,438)) , types of sexual partners (aOR = 0.191; 95% CI; (0.082-0,445)) and knowledge on the partners’ HIV status (aOR = 0.036; 95% CI; (0.008-0.160)). The highest level of reason for seropositive HIV women not to be open about their partners’ status is the fear of being rejected by their partners and the environmental stigma of HIV AIDS disease. Conclusion: The disclosure of seropositive HIV status in women with HIV/AIDS in the Victory Plus NGO of Yogyakarta was 79.4% or classified as a high category with some related factors such as ethnicity, religion, discussion with partners prior to the HIV test, types of partners and knowledge on the partners’ HIV status. Keywords: Women, HIV, Disclosure, Sexual Partner.

Does Sexual and Emotional Behavior Differ Between Sexual Partners That Do Not Disclose HIV Status?

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 407-411
Author(s):  
Layze Braz de Oliveira ◽  
Artur Acelino Francisco Luz Nunes Queiroz ◽  
Adélia Dalva da Silva Oliveira ◽  
Isabela Maria Magalhães Sales ◽  
Inara Viviane de Oliveira sena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Affective Behavior ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Serological Status ◽  
Assistance Service

Objective: The objective of the study was to analyze whether the disclosure of HIV serological status among sexual partners is associated with differences in sexual affective behavior. Methods: Cross-sectional study was carried out with 173 participants in a specialized assistance service on the treatment of people with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Data were collected through interviews. Results: Our results show that from the participants who did not disclose their HIV status and who were sexually active, most had multiple sexual partners (44.6%), used combined methods of prevention (75.4%), had casual partners (63.0%), used condoms (66.2%), and had sexual intercourse while under the influence of alcohol (56.9%). The variables i.e., number of partners (p = 0.010) and type of relationship (p <0.001) showed statistical differences. Conclusion: Sexual affective behavior variables influenced the decision about disclosing HIV seropositivity to sexual partners that establish different forms of sexual partnerships.

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