scholarly journals Variasi Jarak Antar Layer Bentonit Pada Pembuatan Nanokomposit Pla-Bentonit Sebagai Kemasan Makanan

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Vita Wonoputri ◽  
Natasha Emanuella ◽  
Evelyn Angelica ◽  
Johnner Sitompul
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Basal Spacing ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Octadecyl Amine

In this study, bentonite was used as a filler in the synthesis of polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposite. The mechanical property of PLA-Bentonite nanocomposite was treated using two different surfactants, namely octadecyl amine (ODA) and trimethyl stearyl ammonium chloride (TSC) at two different concentration (20 mmol and 40 mmol). The treatments of ODA and TSC in the matrix with regards to the basal spacing of bentonite stacks  measured by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results showed a significant increase in basal spacing was obtained when TSC 40 was applied for treatment. Data of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) suggested that this increase was caused by the incorporation of surfactant into the bentonite stacks. Most of the PLA-Bentonite nanocomposite can form intercalation structure, while a sample containing TSC 40 formed exfoliation structure. This exfoliation structure resulted in a film with the best tensile strength and water vapor permeability compared to the others. The film containing TSC 40 showed the lowest reduction in water activity, almost similar to the bread sample wrapped using conventional plastic. The bread wrapped with TSC 40 film was not grown by fungi as opposed to the conventional plastic, showing the potential of the nanocomposite film as food packaging.

Characterization and A Preliminary Study of TiO2 Synthesis from Lampung Iron Sand

2020 ◽  
Vol 849 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
Yayat Iman Supriyatna ◽  
Slamet Sumardi ◽  
Widi Astuti ◽  
Athessia N. Nainggolan ◽  
Ajeng W. Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Ti Content

The purpose of this study is to characterize Lampung iron sand and to conduct preliminary experiments on the TiO2 synthesis which can be used for the manufacturing of functional food packaging. The iron sand from South Lampung Regency, Lampung Province that will be utilized as raw material. The experiment was initiated by sieving the iron sand on 80, 100, 150, 200 and 325 mesh sieves. Analysis using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) to determine the element content and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to observe the mineralization of the iron sand was conducted. The experiment was carried out through the stages of leaching, precipitation, and calcination. Roasting was applied firstly by putting the iron sand into the muffle furnace for 5 hours at a temperature of 700°C. Followed by leaching using HCl for 48 hours and heated at 105°C with a stirring speed of 300 rpm. The leaching solution was filtered with filtrate and solid residue as products. The solid residue was then leached using 10% H2O2 solution. The leached filtrate was heated at 105°C for 40 minutes resulting TiO2 precipitates (powder). Further, the powder was calcined and characterized. Characterization of raw material using XRF shows the major elements of Fe, Ti, Mg, Si, Al and Ca. The highest Ti content is found in mesh 200 with 9.6%, while iron content is about 80.7%. While from the XRD analysis, it shows five mineral types namely magnetite (Fe3O4), Rhodonite (Mn, Fe, Mg, Ca) SiO3, Quart (SiO2), Ilmenite (FeOTiO2) and Rutile (TiO2). The preliminary experiment showed that the Ti content in the synthesized TiO2 powder is 21.2%. The purity of TiO2 is low due to the presence of Fe metal which is dissolved during leaching, so that prior to precipitation purification is needed to remove impurities such as iron and other metals.

Effects of Transglutaminase on Rheological and Film Forming Properties of Fish Gelatin

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 2877-2880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zun Ying Liu ◽  
Yuan Lu ◽  
Xiao Jun Ge ◽  
Ming Yong Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Fish Gelatin ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Control Film ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Viscous Modulus

Rheological and film forming properties of fish gelatin modified by transglutaminase (TGase) were investigated. The results indicated that the modified gels had higher gel strength of 101.4 g and 118.6 g with added TGase of 1% and 2 %, respectively. Elastic modulus (G'), viscous modulus (G'') of modified gels were significantly increased by the addition of 2% TGase. Tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB) of modified film increased by 38.2% and 137.1%, respectively, compared with the control film (P<0.05). The use of TGase significantly decreased water vapor permeability (WVP) of resulting film. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microstructure analysis denoted a certain degree of interference of TGase in the arrangement of gelatin molecules.

Preparation of SiO2 Matrix Composite with Tunable Dielectric Properties in Radio Frequency Range

2016 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
pp. 364-368
Author(s):  
Zi Dong Zhang ◽  
Chen Qin ◽  
Xiu Jie Ji ◽  
Hui Min Wang ◽  
Shu Hui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Impedance Analyzer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Periodical Structure

In this paper, C/SiO2 composites were fabricated by self-assembly process combined with heat treatment. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, SEM and impedance analyzer were used to investigate the microstructure and radio-frequency dielectric properties of the composites. The results showed that the matrix of C/SiO2 composite with a periodical structure formed by the hexagonal stacking of SiO2 microspheres. The sheet carbon distributes in pores formed by SiO2 microspheres and act as the functional phase in the composite. The results indicate that the permittivity of C/SiO2 composite could be easily adjusted by controlling the content of Carbon in the composite. Both real and imaginary parts of the permittivity increase with the content of carbon, but decrease with the frequency.

Effect of the Addition of Nano-β-TCP on the Microstructure of Mg-Zn-Zr Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 259-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen You ◽  
Yan Ze Bi ◽  
Min Fang Chen ◽  
Yue Sun ◽  
De Bao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Potential Interaction ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Zr Alloy

In this study, a mental matrix composite (MMC) made of Mg-3Zn-0.8Zr alloy as a matrix and β-TCP particles as reinforcements were prepared for investigating the effect of β-TCP spherical particles sized in 100 nm on the microstructure of that alloy. The grains of as-cast or as-extruded Mg alloys systematically decreased from about 80 μm to about 30 μm with the choice of β-TCP contents. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and optical microscopy (OM) observations show that the Mg-3Zn-0.8Zr-β-TCP (1.0 or 1.5, in wt %) composites were composed of various phases in addition to Mg and MgZn2 comparied with Mg-Zn-Zr alloy. New diffraction peaks appearing in the MMC, which suggests that a potential interaction occurred between β-TCP and the matrix. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images reveal that secondary phases, which wraps upon the surface of β-TCP, are uniformly distributed in the grains of Mg-Zn-Zr alloy. Energy spectrum analysis shows that the component of dark-colored parts is equivalent to β-TCP, but the component of light-colored parts is Mg-Zn-Ca, which demonstrates that there is a real interaction occurred between the matrix and β-TCP.

Starch–PVA Nanocomposite Film Incorporated with Cellulose Nanocrystals and MMT: A Comparative Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nooshin Noshirvani ◽  
Babak Ghanbarzadeh ◽  
Hadi Fasihi ◽  
Hadi Almasi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Moisture Sorption ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Nanocrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

Abstract The goal of this work was to compare the barrier, mechanical, and thermal properties of two types of starch–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposites. Sodium montmorillonite (MMT) and nanocrystalline cellulose were chosen as nanoreinforcements. X-ray diffraction (XRD) test showed well-distributed MMT in the starch–PVA matrix, possibly implying that the clay nanolayers formed an exfoliated structure. The moisture sorption, solubility and water vapor permeability (WVP) studies revealed that the addition of MMT and nanocrystalline cellulose reduced the moisture affinity of starch–PVA biocomposite. At the level of 7 % MMT, the nanocomposite films showed the highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) (4.93 MPa) and the lowest strain to break (SB) (57.65 %). The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed an improvement in thermal properties for the starch–PVA–MMT nanocomposites, but not for the starch–PVA–NCC nanocomposites. Results of this study demonstrated that the use of MMT in the fabrication of starch–PVA nanocomposites is more favorable than that of nanocrystalline cellulose to produce a desirable biodegradable film for food packaging applications.

Effect of hollow silica spheres on water vapor permeability of polyacrylate film

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (15) ◽  
pp. 11485-11493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Bao ◽  
Chunhua Shi ◽  
Yongqiang Yang ◽  
Jianzhong Ma ◽  
Risong Sha
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Silica Spheres ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hollow Silica ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hollow Silica Spheres ◽  
Transmission Electron

Hollow silica spheres with different hollow size and shell thickness were synthesized via a template method using PS spheres as templates and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis.

scholarly journals Chitosan-Based Functional Films Integrated with Magnolol: Characterization, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity and Pork Preservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7769
Author(s):  
Xueying Song ◽  
Liu Liu ◽  
Xiaoxia Wu ◽  
Yongfeng Liu ◽  
Jialu Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chitosan Films ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Positive Effect

The aims of this study were to develop the magnolol–chitosan films and study the positive effect of the combination of magnolol and chitosan. The addition of magnolol made the magnolol–chitosan films exhibit higher density (1.06–1.87 g/cm3), but the relatively lower water vapor permeability (12.06–7.36 × 10−11·g·m−1·s−1·Pa−1) and water content (16.10–10.64%). The dense and smooth surface and cross-section of magnolol–chitosan films were observed by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) images. The interaction of magnolol and chitosan was observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). After the addition of magnolol, the antioxidant capacity of magnolol–chitosan films was increased from 18.99 to 82.00%, the growth of P. aeruginosa was inhibited and the inhibition percentage of biofilm formation was increased from 30.89 to 86.04%. We further verified that the application of magnolol–chitosan films on chilled pork significantly reduced the increases in pH value, inhibited the growth of microorganisms and extended the shelf life. Results suggest that magnolol had a positive effect on magnolol–chitosan films and could be effectively applied to pork preservation.

Identification of acid-insoluble filter-plugging compounds and optimal acid-washing procedures for tubular backpulse pressure filters

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
KEVIN TAYLOR ◽  
RICH ADDERLY ◽  
GAVIN BAXTER
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Sulfamic Acid ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Metal Sulfides ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gypsum Formation ◽  
Acid Washing ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Over time, performance of tubular backpulse pressure filters in kraft mills deteriorates, even with regular acid washing. Unscheduled filter replacement due to filter plugging results in significant costs and may result in mill downtime. We identified acid-insoluble filter-plugging materials by scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis in both polypropylene and Gore-Tex™ membrane filter socks. The major filter-plugging components were calcium sulfate (gypsum), calcium phosphate (hydroxylapatite), aluminosilicate clays, metal sulfides, and carbon. We carried out detailed sample analysis of both the standard acid-washing procedure and a modified procedure. Filter plugging by gypsum and metal sulfides appeared to occur because of the acid-washing procedure. Gypsum formation on the filter resulted from significant hydrolysis of sulfamic acid solution at temperatures greater than 130°F. Modification of the acid-washing procedure greatly reduced the amount of gypsum and addition of a surfactant to the acid reduced wash time and mobilized some of the carbon from the filter. With surfactant, acid washing was 95% complete after 40 min.

scholarly journals Protein-Based Films and Coatings for Food Industry Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 769
Author(s):  
Vlad Mihalca ◽  
Andreea Diana Kerezsi ◽  
Achim Weber ◽  
Carmen Gruber-Traub ◽  
Jürgen Schmucker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Industry Applications ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
Materials Used

Food packaging is an area of interest not just for food producers or food marketing, but also for consumers who are more and more aware about the fact that food packaging has a great impact on food product quality and on the environment. The most used materials for the packaging of food are plastic, glass, metal, and paper. Still, over time edible films have become widely used for a variety of different products and different food categories such as meat products, vegetables, or dairy products. For example, proteins are excellent materials used for obtaining edible or non-edible coatings and films. The scope of this review is to overview the literature on protein utilization in food packages and edible packages, their functionalization, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antifungal activities, and economic perspectives. Different vegetable (corn, soy, mung bean, pea, grass pea, wild and Pasankalla quinoa, bitter vetch) and animal (whey, casein, keratin, collagen, gelatin, surimi, egg white) protein sources are discussed. Mechanical properties, thickness, moisture content, water vapor permeability, sensorial properties, and suitability for the environment also have a significant impact on protein-based packages utilization.

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanosystems Based on PHBV and ZnO for Ecological Food Packaging

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2123
Author(s):  
Maria Râpă ◽  
Maria Stefan ◽  
Paula Popa ◽  
Dana Toloman ◽  
Cristian Leostean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Spin Trapping ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Hno3 Solution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Trapping Method ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic

The electrospun nanosystems containing poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and 1 wt% Fe doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) (with the content of dopant in the range of 0–1 wt% Fe) deposited onto polylactic acid (PLA) film were prepared for food packaging application. They were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), antimicrobial analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) techniques. Migration studies conducted in acetic acid 3% (wt/wt) and ethanol 10% (v/v) food simulants as well as by the use of treated ashes with 3% HNO3 solution reveal that the migration of Zn and Fe falls into the specific limits imposed by the legislation in force. Results indicated that the PLA/PHBV/ZnO:Fex electrospun nanosystems exhibit excellent antibacterial activity against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC-27853) due to the generation of a larger amount of perhydroxyl (˙OOH) radicals as assessed using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy coupled with a spin trapping method.

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