scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN KOMPOSISI KIMIA PERISA TULANG IKAN TUNA (Thunnus albacares) DAN KULIT UDANG ( Litopenaeus vannamei)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Adrianus O. W. Kaya ◽  
Esterlina E. E. M Nanlohy ◽  
Sherly Lewerissa
Keyword(s):  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Thunnus Albacares ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Shrimp Shells

Utilization of the waste of processed fisheries product is obtain a product with a good chemical properties and also zero waste product. flavoring is a product can be obtain from utilization of processedfisheries waste. This study purposed to produce natural flavoring by using tuna bone and shrimp shells. This research used 3 treatments ratio of broth and maltodextrin and was performed and chemicalanalysis involve moisture, ash, protein and fat were carried out. The results showed that the best flavoring product obtained from the ratio of broth and maltodextrin 100 ml : 100 mg (A1), both for tunabone and shrimp shells.  

Development of Sustainable Alternative Building Materials from Quarry Dust

2018 ◽  
Vol 761 ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Ehud Cohen ◽  
Gabriela Bar Nes ◽  
Alva Peled
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Quarry Dust ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The main goal of our work is to develop an alternative building material based on “zero waste” objective, thus creating commercially valuable products from materials that are otherwise high-volume waste products. Fine dolomitic quarry dust is a waste product manufactured in several millions of cubic tons each year in the mining industry of Israel. Our study examines a sustainable and useful solution to use this quarry dust (QD) as a part of fly ash based geopolymeric systems. Mechanical, thermal and chemical properties were examined and analyzed.

scholarly journals Olive Stone Delignification Toward Efficient Adsorption of Metal Ions

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Gao ◽  
Maria del Carmen Aliques Tomas ◽  
Jonas Garemark ◽  
Xia Sheng ◽  
Lars Berglund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sodium Chlorite ◽  
Ion Adsorption ◽  
Metal Ion Adsorption ◽  
Optical Functions ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Olive Stone

Olive stone is an important biomaterial waste product generated in large amount. As a lignocellulose material, olive stone could be a sustainable resource for biosorbents. In this work, olive stone powder delignification using sodium chlorite (NaClO2) was performed to enhance metal ion adsorption capacity. The influence of the treatment on olive stone powder physical-chemical properties was studied, including specific surface area, surface chemistry, morphology, etc. The white, delignified olive stone powder was applied for metal ions (Fe3+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) adsorption. Olive stone delignification not only increases the accessibility of the olive stone powder but also broadens the applications to materials design with optical functions by the generation of a white powder.

Green Solvent: Green Shadow on Chemical Synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 426-439
Author(s):  
Tejaswini Sahoo ◽  
Jagannath Panda ◽  
Jnanaranjan Sahu ◽  
Dayananda Sarangi ◽  
Sunil K. Sahoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Selection Of

The natural beauty and purity of our planet has been contaminated deeply due to human selfish activities such as pollution, improper waste management, and various industrial and commercial discharges of untreated toxic by-products into the lap of nature. The collective impact of these hazardous suspensions into the natural habitat is very deadly. Challenges due to human activity on the environment have become ubiquitous. The chemical industry has a major role in human evolution and, predictably, opened gates of increased risk of pollution if the production is not done sustainably. In these circumstances, the notion of Green Chemistry has been identified as the efficient medium of synthesis of chemicals and procedures to eradicate the toxic production of harmful substances. Principles of Green Chemistry guide the scientist in their hunt towards chemical synthesis which requires the use of solvents. These solvents contaminate our air, water, land and surrounding due to its toxic properties. Even though sufficient precautions are taken for proper disposal of these solvents but it is difficult to be recycled. In order to preserve our future and coming generation from the adverse impacts associated with solvents it is very important to find alternative of this which will be easy to use, reusable and also eco-friendly. Solvents are used daily in various industrial processes as reaction medium, as diluters, and in separation procedures. As reaction medium, the role of solvent is to bring catalysts and reactants together and to release heat thus affecting activity and selectivity. The proper selection of the solvent considering its biological, physical and chemical properties is very necessary for product separation, environmental, safety handling and economic factors. Green solvents are the boon in this context. They are not only environmentally benign but also cost effective. The biggest challenge faced by the chemists is adaptation of methods and selection of solvents during chemical synthesis which will give negligible waste product and will remain human and nature friendly. During designing compounds for a particular reaction it is difficult to give assurance regarding the toxicity and biodegradability of the method. Chemists are still far away from predicting the various chemical and biological effects of the compounds on the back of the envelope. To achieve that point is formidable task but it will definitely act as inspiration for the coming generation of chemists. The green solvents are undoubtedly a far better approach to eliminate the negative impacts and aftermath of any chemical synthesis on the environment. Our study in this review covers an overview of green solvents, their role in safer chemical synthesis with reference to some of the important green solvents and their detail summarization.

Impacts of Food Industrial Wastes on Soil and Its Utilization as Novel Approach for Value Addition

2020 ◽  
pp. 226-243
Author(s):  
Nowsheeba Rashid ◽  
Ifra Ashraf ◽  
Shazia Ramzan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Product ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Properties Of Soils ◽  
Valuable Compounds

Among the various agro-industries, food processing industries are the second prime generator of wastes after domestic sewage. In the current epoch of the rapid budding world, the wastes are mounting, which robustly sway the health of ecosystems and eventually the human population. For that reason, each agro-industrial sector has critical stipulation toward the secure utilization of agro-materials all the way through recycling of wastes. A crude disposal and littering of these waste materials frequently signifies a problem that is additionally provoked by different legal restrictions. Inadequate management of these solid waste constituents could lead to drastic change in physico-chemical properties of soils. The waste product, which is discarded into the environment, is loaded with valuable compounds. They are new, innate, and monetary sources of colorants, protein, dietary fiber, flavoring, antimicrobials, and antioxidants, which can be utilized in the food industry as a basis of natural food additives.

The Release of Radionuclides in the Laser Decontamination Process

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Herrmann ◽  
Wolfgang Lippmann ◽  
Antonio Hurtado
Keyword(s):  
Boiling Point ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Laser Technology ◽  
Set Up

The decommissioning of nuclear installations requires the decontamination of radioactively contaminated concrete surfaces in order to minimize the amount of radioactive waste to be disposed of as well as the exposure time of the staff during this works. The rapid progress in the development of laser technology has yielded high-performance diode lasers whose radiation can be guided over a long distance by means of glass-fibre optical units. This opens up the possibility of implementing unconventional laser-based decontamination processes. The aim of the method presented here is to combine melting and contactless ablation of a radioactively contaminated concrete surface by means of a laser beam with waste product conditioning. It is intended to design the process in such a way that a maximum of the radioactivity present at the surface is incorporated in the glass melt (= conditioning of waste products). The glassy granulate obtained is very well suited for direct final storage due to its physical and chemical properties. The portion of radioactive isotopes that are released in the process, but not incorporated during the ablation process is selectively deposited in a cooled electro-filter. To prove the effectiveness of the method, research was focused on decontamination experiments conducted on concrete samples contaminated with 137Cs, 60Co and 85Sr. Furthermore, the chemical composition of the concrete samples was varied (quartzitic, quartzitic-calcitic) to take account of the different release conditions in real concrete structures. The experiments showed that 85Sr and 60Co are highly soluble in the glass melt. Their release rate is very low as they have a relatively high boiling point. 137Cs also exhibits a great affinity to the glass melt, but is more easily released again in the high temperature range due to its low boiling point of approx. 700 °C. The released portion of 137Cs is then deposited in the upstream electro-filter. The overall assessment is that the intended decontamination process with simultaneous conditioning of waste products is basically feasible using today’s laser technology. The special advantage can be seen in the great versatility and easy control of the laser unit that is equipped with a fibre-optical system. Furthermore, laser ablation can be set up as a low-dust process, which minimizes problematic secondary contamination.

scholarly journals Evolution of properties of macadamia husk throughout gasification: hints for a zero-waste energy production system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linh Vu ◽  
Dinh Nguyen ◽  
Dong Nguyen ◽  
Bay Tran ◽  
Hoai Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Waste Energy ◽  
Energy Production System

In-depth information about the transformation of biomass during gasification is the key to the sustainable development of this technology. This study elucidated the evolution of physico-chemical properties of macadamia husk throughout relevant industrial gasification conditions. The technical characteristics combined with high kinetics highlighted the suitability of this feedstock for gasification. Non-porous chars with very low surface areas were observed throughout the conversion, which minimizes the potential to use the residues after gasification as adsorbents. Nevertheless, multiple carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups were present on the char surface. Moreover, an extraordinarily high K content was detected (up to 86 wt% of the char’s total inorganic elements) and evenly distributed on the char surface. Such results consolidated the idea of combining the production of energy and cheap bio-fertilizers using the gasification of macadamia husk. The resulting database offered interesting hints for the development of zero-waste energy production systems with biomass gasification.

scholarly journals Approaches and Policies to Promote Zero-Waste City Construction: China’s Practices and Lessons

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13537
Author(s):  
Mingfu Meng ◽  
Zongguo Wen ◽  
Weijun Luo ◽  
Shijie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Policy Objective ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Waste Flow

The rapidly growing output of solid waste has brought tremendous pressure to urban development. China launched an action plan known as “Zero-waste city” (ZWC), that refers to an urban development model aimed at reducing the generation of and enhancing the recycling of solid waste, in order to alleviate environmental impacts. Eleven cities and five special zones achieved positive results of solid waste management were selected as pilot areas for exploring empirical methods until 2019. The practices and lessons of the pilot cities need to be deeply analyzed and summarized, so as to promote successful models, learn lessons and better implement the policy comprehensively for other cities. This study presents a review of China’s ZWC policies and practices with constructive suggestions for further development. Based on the policy objective of ZWC and the field investigation of solid waste flow, five crucial approaches to developing ZWC are proposed, namely, solid waste reduction throughout the industrial chain, collaborative treatment of classified municipal solid waste (MSW), efficient utilization of agricultural waste with multiple purposes, safety control of hazardous waste flow, and optimization of market mechanisms. The case study demonstrates that the five paths are appropriate to Xuzhou city. However, deficiencies in MSW classification, pesticide packaging waste collection systems, solid waste product application, management, and policymaking, have emerged. Regulatory prohibitions, extended producer responsibility and market vitality should be adopted to improve the collection, transportation, and utilization of solid waste. Key findings from this research are to summarize crucial paths toward fulfiling ZWC goal, and to reveal some successful practices of, and lessons from ZWC construction by case studies. This study provides a method to further implement zero solid waste management in a targeted manner. The recommendations drawn from the study, which include law, market and institutional measures, may contribute to the achievement of developing sustainable cities.

Impacts of Food Industrial Wastes on Soil and Its Utilization as Novel Approach for Value Addition

2021 ◽  
pp. 652-669
Author(s):  
Nowsheeba Rashid ◽  
Ifra Ashraf ◽  
Shazia Ramzan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Product ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Properties Of Soils ◽  
Valuable Compounds

Among the various agro-industries, food processing industries are the second prime generator of wastes after domestic sewage. In the current epoch of the rapid budding world, the wastes are mounting, which robustly sway the health of ecosystems and eventually the human population. For that reason, each agro-industrial sector has critical stipulation toward the secure utilization of agro-materials all the way through recycling of wastes. A crude disposal and littering of these waste materials frequently signifies a problem that is additionally provoked by different legal restrictions. Inadequate management of these solid waste constituents could lead to drastic change in physico-chemical properties of soils. The waste product, which is discarded into the environment, is loaded with valuable compounds. They are new, innate, and monetary sources of colorants, protein, dietary fiber, flavoring, antimicrobials, and antioxidants, which can be utilized in the food industry as a basis of natural food additives.

Possibility of using caustic residue from bauxite for improving the chemical and physical properties of sandy soils

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
NJ Barrow
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Western Australian

Large quantities of alkaline red mud are produced as a waste product from the extraction of alumina from bauxite. Its chemical and physical properties and the way that it could be modified to produce good growth of plants were investigated. The cation exchange capacity of the red mud increased with pH, the adsorption of phosphate decreased, and the adsorption of cadmium increased. A pH of just above eight seemed to provide a good combination of desirable properties. This could be achieved by exposing the red mud to air and mixing it with gypsum - also available as a waste product. Carbon dioxide was absorbed by alkaIi in the red mud, and then precipitated by the gypsum as calcium carbonate. This released sodium sulfate which could be leached from the mud. Medic species could then be grown, provided that phosphate, potassium and manganese were supplied. Residual sodium sulfate from incomplete leaching seemed to limit the growth of other species. There seemed to be a potential to use the amended red mud to improve the waterholding properties and the chemical properties of sandy soils of the Western Australian coastal plain.

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