scholarly journals Efektifitas Pemberdayaan Keluarga Terhadap Kontrol Metabolik Pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasnah Rasnah ◽  
Elly L Sjattar ◽  
Saldy Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Family Empowerment

Background : Family empowerment plays an important role in the management of diabetes mellitus experienced by family members. Because of the chronic nature of this disease, people with diabetes mellitus need long-term assistance to improve self-care and delay chronic complications from diabetes mellitus through glycemic control. Aim : To conduct a systematic review and assess the effectiveness of family empowerment for metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method : Systematic reviews are carried out using electronic databases in article searches such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Google Scholar. Results: After reviewing five articles it was found that family-based intervention or by empowering families in the care of patients with diabetes mellitus played a role in decreasing HbA1c as an indicator in glycemic control. And the most widely used instruments are the scale of self-care and diabetes activity (SDSCA), the diabetes empowerment scale (DES) and the diabetes knowledge questionnaire (DKQ). Conclusion : From the review of the article reviewed it can be concluded that families must be involved in the care of people with diabetes mellitus, diabetes education given only to individuals with type 2 diabetes limits the impact on patients, therefore empowering families will provide a large role in the management of chronic diseases that emphasize context where this disease occurs including the family's physical environment, education, and the personal needs of patients and family members. Helps develop healthy family behavior and shows self-management of diabetic patients, especially in health care programs, especially those who are able to promote various forms of social support, glycemic control and to strengthen ties between family members.Keywords : Family empowerment, metabolic control, type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals The Effect of Health Education on Control Glycemic at Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (E) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Rusdiana Rusdiana ◽  
Maya Savira ◽  
Sry Suryani Widjaja ◽  
Dedi Ardinata
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Educational Course

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of short-term education on glycemic control (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] and fasting blood sugar [FBS]) among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending to primary health care (PHC) in Medan Johor of North Sumatera, Indonesia. METHODS: The study was performed on type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Johor PHC, Medan of North Sumatera, on 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We took the samples of all the patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus who attend PHC in Medan Johor. The patients received for 3 months intervention by education. An educational course of diabetes together with exercise training and nutritional education was designed for the study population in order to increase the patients’ knowledge and attitude toward diabetes and to increase their participation in the self-monitoring of glycemic control. Samples of FBS and HbA1c were recorded for each patient at the time of the baseline survey, then health education was conducted to the diabetic patients of both sexes attending PHC. The patients received standard advice on diet management and variation about activity. We put HbA1c <6.5% as cut limit for the control of diabetes mellitus. RESULTS: All 40 type 2 diabetes patients completed the educational course. The mean of age of the samples is 62.53 years old, the mean of body mass index was 24.81 kg/m, and the mean of waist size was 92.15 cm. Before the education, the mean of FBS level was 238.83 mg/dl and the mean of Hba1c value is 8.90%. After education, the FBS was 216.88 mg/dl, the mean of HbA1c value was 8.74%. CONCLUSION: The effect of health education in Johor Public Health Care Medan city reduced glycemic control (FBS) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, North Sumatera, Indonesia.

scholarly journals Glycaemic Regulation with Zinc Combination in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Gangaram Bhadarge ◽  
Pratibha Dawande ◽  
Nandkishor Bankar ◽  
Raunak Kotecha
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Low Levels

Introduction: Zn supplementation improved glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity and decreased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels in diabetic rats, revealing Zn's defensive effect against oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes. The investigators have discovered that consuming Zn increased liver function and protected pancreatic tissue from damage caused by diabetes. Since Zn also prevents chronic hyperglycemia, it helps to minimize oxidative stress caused by type 2 diabetes. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem that affects more than 3 million people worldwide (16% of population). Chronic hyperglycemia causes oxidative stress in diabetic patients by the development of free radicals (oxidants) and lowering the antioxidant protection mechanism. Aim: Glycaemic Regulation with Zinc Combination in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Materials and Methods: Faculty of Medicine and Diabetic Opd, Datta Meghe Mediсаl Соllege and Shаlinitаi Meghe Hоsрitаl аnd Reseаrсh Сenter, Nаgрur in соllаbоrаtion with Dаttа Meghe Institute оf Mediсаl Sсienсes Deemed to be University, Sаwаngi, Wаrdhа, Mаhаrаshtrа. Results: The mean Zn level was 12.213±2.342in all participants and 9.121±1.782 in the control group, whereas it was significantly low (9.121±1.782) in the diabetic group, and there was statistically significant difference in Zn levels between the controls and the diabetic group (P < 0.001).FBS, HbA1C, serum Zinc mean effects between control and patients showed statistically significant differences in type 2 diabetes mellitus (P <0.0001). Conclusion: Our findings show that people with diabetes have lower levels of Zn than healthy people. The cause and effect of the association between very low levels of Zn and the progression of diabetes, or diabetes that causes Zn deficiency, is still unknown. Low levels of Zn are associated with poor glycemic control, and poor glycemic control is a good indication of Zn deficiency, as there was a negative association between serum Zn and FBS and HBA1C. If diabetic patients have low glycemic regulation, a long history of diabetes, obesity, or are over the age of 50, we look to assess their levels in Zn so that Zn alternative treatment can begin to release oxidative stress in this high-risk group.

Self-Care Behaviors and Glycemic Control in Low-Income Adults in México With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus May Have Implications for Patients of Mexican Heritage Living in the United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia G. Compeán Ortiz ◽  
Beatriz Del Ángel Pérez ◽  
Eunice Reséndiz González ◽  
Socorro Piñones Martínez ◽  
Nora H. González Quirarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
United States ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mexican Heritage

scholarly journals Factors associated with poor glycemic control among type-2 diabetes mellitus patients in Yemen

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1539-1546
Author(s):  
Sultan A.M. Saghir ◽  
Abdullah E.A. Alhariri ◽  
Sameer A. Alkubat ◽  
Amer A. Almiamn ◽  
Saleem H. Aladaileh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Diabetic Patients

Purpose: To determine the status of glycemic control and its associated factors among adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Hodeidah City, Yemen. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved T2DM patients attending an outpatient clinic at the Military Hospital in Hodeidah, from January to March 2017. Relevant socio-demographic characteristics, clinical factors and self-management behaviours were recorded in face-to-face interviews. Blood pressure, body weight, and height measurements were also obtained. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile were evaluated. Urine samples were also obtained and analysed by albuminuria assay. Results: Of 246 participants, 73.2 % showed poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7 %). Female patients, those aged ≥ 40 years, the illiterate, and Khat chewers were more likely to have poor glycemic control. Moreover, longer disease duration, insulin administration and albuminuria were significantly associated with poor glycemic control. In contrast, a healthy diet, physical exercise, proper self-monitoring of blood glucose levels and taking medicines as prescribed significantly increased the likelihood of good glycemic control. Conclusion: A majority of the Yemeni diabetic patients have poor glycemic control. To achieve better awareness, diabetes educational programs that highlight the benefits of self-management are recommended.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hypoglycemia Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Rural Health Center in South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 215013271988063 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Samya ◽  
Vanishree Shriraam ◽  
Aliya Jasmine ◽  
G. V. Akila ◽  
M. Anitha Rani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
High Prevalence

Introduction: One of the greatest threats to achieving tight glycemic control is hypoglycemia, which can lead to decreased drug compliance, cardiovascular events, and even mortality. There is lack of literature on this complication in the Indian setting. This study will aid the primary care physician to achieve better glycemic control of the diabetic patients and provide patient education to prevent hypoglycemia. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study in which 390 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus getting treated in a primary health center were assessed for symptoms of hypoglycemia. Results: Prevalence of hypoglycemia was 57.44% (95% CI 52.48-62.25). Severe hypoglycemia was found in 10.7% of the patients. The first reported symptom of hypoglycemia was dizziness (72.3%). The most common etiological factor leading to hypoglycemia was missing a meal (89.3%). Females were at a significant higher risk of developing hypoglycemia (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.04-1.3, P < .05). Conclusion: This study has established the high prevalence of self-reported hypoglycaemia in the rural settings where resources are limited to monitor the glucose levels. The high prevalence urges the need for the primary care physicians to enquire about the hypoglycemic symptoms to all diabetic patients at each visit. It is also important to educate these patients about the symptoms of hypoglycemia and the importance of reporting of such symptoms, which will help in adjusting dose and preventing future attacks.

scholarly journals α-2-Macroglobulin in Saliva Is Associated with Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Aitken ◽  
Carolina Ortiz ◽  
Irene Morales-Bozo ◽  
Gonzalo Rojas-Alcayaga ◽  
Mauricio Baeza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
And Control

Background. Subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) require an adequate glycemic control to avoid diabetic complications. Currently, saliva biomarkers are used as a diagnostic tool and can be indicative of the degree of progression and control of various diseases. Several studies indicate thatα-2-macroglobulin levels are elevated in diabetic patients.Methods. 120 subjects with DM2 were enrolled and classified into two groups according to their glycemic control (percentage of glycated hemoglobin-A1c (HbA1c), <7% adequate glycemic control group; >7% inadequate glycemic control group). The relationship betweenα-2-macroglobulin levels from saliva samples and HbA1c was subsequently evaluated.Results. We found a positive correlation betweenα-2-macroglobulin and HbA1c (r=0.778andP<0.0001). Area under the receivers operating characteristic (ROC) curve ofα-2-macroglobulin indicated a positive discrimination threshold ofα-2-macroglobulin (AUC = 0.903, CI 95%: 0.847–0.959,P<0.0001) to diagnose glycemic control.Conclusions. Our data strongly suggest that the level of salivaα-2-macroglobulin is an indicator for the degree of glycemic control in diabetic patients and represents a promising alternative method to evaluate this parameter.

scholarly journals Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus remission eighteen months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
MARCELO GOMES GIRUNDI
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Control Analysis

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in improving the glycemic profile of obese patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) after 18 months of follow-up. Methods: four hundred sixty-eight pacients with DM2 and BMI ≥35 were submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, from 1998 to 2010. All patients were submitted to glycemic control analysis in the 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th and 18th postoperative months. We considered: type 2 diabetic patients, the ones with fasting glucose ≥126mg/dl and HbA1C ≥6.5 in two dosages; high risk patients for diabetes, those who presented fasting glucose ≥ 100 to 125 mg/dl and HbA1C between 5.7%-6.4%; and normal patients, those presenting glucose <100mg/dl and HbA1C <5.7%. Such diagnostic criteria were based on the official position of Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes, published in July, 2011. Results: The remission of DM2 was seen in 410 (87.6%) out of 468 patients 18 months after the surgery, that being a meaningful difference, with p<0.001. Fourty-eight (10.3%) patients sustained criteria for the disease and ten (2.1%) continued at high risk for DM2. Conclusions: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was effective in the promotion and maintaince of long-term glycemic control. There are evidences showing that the remission of DM2 is not only related to weight loss and that other enteroinsular axis mechanisms must be involved.

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