scholarly journals Performing motherhood in the height of the New Order era: The contestation of two women in Dua Ibu

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Edi Dwi Riyanto ◽  
Yuanita Albhar
Keyword(s):  
New Economy ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
New Order ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Reading Technique ◽  
The One

The New Order regime in Indonesia was marked with a strong and centralized power including in defining motherhood. This article is aimed at investigating how the �Ibu� or motherhood becomes a contested arena between nameless Ibu and Tante Mirah and how this arena reflects the contestation of tradition and modernity in Java in the 1980s. Using close reading technique and contextualization, an investigation is done to see how the one role is contested by the two women. The nameless Ibu represents traditions shaped by the cultural and traditional milieu in Solo, Central Java. Meanwhile Tante Mirah migrates to Jakarta and builds her new economy and life.� It is evident that performing traditions has drained out Ibu�s financial resources. At the same time, Tante Mirah is successful in accumulating wealth. Consequently, Ibu goes bankrupt and lets Mirah take the son back. The novel documents the inevitable change of socially defined motherhood performed in the center of Javanese culture.

scholarly journals Ivan Karamazov as a Philosophical Type—but which one?

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 54-75
Author(s):  
Kåre Johan Mjør
Keyword(s):  
Structural Organization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Reported Speech ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Moral Sensibility ◽  
The Brothers Karamazov ◽  
Brothers Karamazov ◽  
The One

The article analyses a set of philosophical statements made by and attributed to Ivan Karamazov in Dostoevsky's The Brothers Karamazov, in order to answer the question as to what kind of philosophy Ivan may be said to express in the novel. My close reading reveals that there is a significant distinction between, on the one hand,  Ivan's most radical statements, that is his rational egoism and the idea that "everything is permitted," which are always given in reported speech, and on the other the “Ivan of direct speech,” a character characterized by far more moral sensibility (e.g. in the Pro et contra part). On the basis of these findings the article seeks to bring together two traditions in the reception of Dostoevsky—the philosophical and the narratological. By letting these approaches inform one another I suggest ways in which the structural organization of the text is itself a bearer of philosophical meaning. Moreover, the article takes seriously Bakhtin's claim that Dostoevsky's heroes are not merely stable representations of ideas, but engage with them through dialogue and encounters with others, as exemplified by Ivan Karamazov himself as well as by other characters' responses to his articulations. 

scholarly journals THE USE OF CLOSE READING TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE STUDENTS READING COMPREHENSION

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Cecep Munawar Payumi ◽  
Yayu Fatimah Hartati
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Reading Technique ◽  
Eighth Grade Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The One ◽  
Level Of Significance

The main pupose of this study is to find out the effectiveness of close reading technique.  The research method used is quantitative research, or more specifically the one group pre-test post-test design. The sample of this study is eighth grade students of SMPS PGRI Warungkondang consist of 20 students. Data analysis indicates the mean scores between pre-test and post-test is 22, the tobs is 1.72  with the degrees of freedom (df) 19 and level of significance at 0.05 is 2.59. Based on data analysis the close reading technique has significant influence to improve students’ reading comprehension. Therefore, this technique is considered as a suitable technique for teacher as the strategy for teaching English.

scholarly journals The sense of space and Arctic nature in Cora Sandel’s Kranes konditori: interiør med figurer (Krane’s Café: An Interior with Figures)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-106
Author(s):  
Raluca-Daniela Răduț
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spatial Approach ◽  
Reading Technique ◽  
The One ◽  
Almost All

The paper combines the close reading technique of the novel Kranes konditori: Interiør med figurer (Krane’s Café: An Interior with Figures, 1946), written by the classic Norwegian writer Cora Sandel (1880-1974) with a spatial approach which aims to present the past and the present of the novel’s main character, Katinka Stordal. The action takes place in a small town situated in northern Norway, at Krane’s Café. It is worth noting how topography, the seasons of the year, the Arctic climate and nature are gradually reflected in the novel. On the one hand, the novel is placed at the crossroads of a spatial perspective and the literary criticism, which has in its centre Krane’s Café, the place where almost all the characters are brought together and which is the most suggestive and representative interior space of the novel. On the other hand, the subtitle An Interior with Figures strengthens the idea of a mixture of literary genres which includes elements from novel and drama. Moreover, it resembles the title of a work of art, for instance, a painting where all the characters are simply figures animated by the beauty of the Arctic scenery.

Reading Manipulation In Runaway Horses by Mishima Yukio

Poetics Today ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-698
Author(s):  
Thomas Garcin
Keyword(s):  
Reading Strategies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Mishima Yukio ◽  
Political Novels ◽  
Negative Comments ◽  
Ideological Perspective ◽  
The One

In her seminal work, Authoritarian Fictions: Ideological Novels as a Literary Genre, Susan Rubin Suleiman emphasizes the co-optational dimension of romans à thèse, which seem addressed to readers who are already converted to the ideological perspective of these works. Political novels therefore tend to divide readers into two categories: proponents on the one hand, denigrators on the other. Based on a close reading of Runaway Horses (1969), Mishima Yukio’s most overtly ideological fictional work, this article is meant to enrich Suleiman’s model by showing that the most elaborate authoritarian fictional works use specific rhetorical tactics to soften or compensate for the excess of their message and to appeal to nonsympathizers. Focusing on chapters 9 and 10 of Runaway Horses, where the novel shifts from a classical and realist tone (chapters 1 to 8) to an ideological and authoritarian one (chapters 9 to 40), the article analyzes three of these rhetorical tactics: (1) the lightning rod, which consists of attracting criticisms about one specific and clearly delineated locus of the text, fulfilling an apotropaic function and serving as a foil for the rest; (2) prolepsis, which anticipates the reader’s likely negative comments and thus becomes in tune with his perspective; and (3) the tactic of enlarging the audience by which the narrator reincorporates a sectarian ideology into a larger and more universal ensemble. The conclusion questions the place of the reader and investigates the reading strategies that he or she may adopt in order to respond to this manipulation.

scholarly journals Multiculturalism in Almino Situmorang's Novel Spring

ATAVISME ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-67
Author(s):  
Alberta Natasia Adji
Keyword(s):  
Social Practices ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Will Kymlicka ◽  
Reading Technique

[Judul: Multikulturalisme dalam Novel Spring Karya Almino Situmorang]. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi relasi multikultural dalam novel Spring (2010) karya Almino Situmorang, yang dibagi menjadi dua bagian cerita yang menjadi inti fokus diskusi. Masalah yang dibahas ialah representasi relasi dan negosiasi antara empat tokoh utama yang berbeda suku, ras, agama, dan bangsa. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori multikulturalisme yang digagas oleh Will Kymlicka. Metode yang digunakan ialah teknik pembacaan cermat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) relasi multikultural yang direpresentasikan dalam novel tersebut mencakup keberagaman yang sangat luas dan kompleks dengan berbagai macam perbedaan, (2) perihal perbedaan latar belakang kultural dan agama dapat dinegosiasikan dalam praktik kesehariannya, terutama dalam relasi pertemanan, dan (3) untuk soal pernikahan, mereka masih terikat pada standar-standar tradisi dan adat-istiadat yang kuat. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah multikulturalisme di Indonesia masih cenderung terbatas pada praktik-praktik dalam ruang lingkup pertemanan dan belum sepenuhnya membaur karena tradisi kultural yang masih bersifat kaku dan monolitis. The research explores multicultural relation in Almino Situmorang’s Spring (2010), which is divided into two parts of story that become the main focus of the dicussion. The main issues to discuss are representations of relation and negotiation among the four main characters who come from different ethnic, racial, religious, and national backgrounds. The  theory used is Will Kymlicka’s multiculturalism perspective. The method is the close-reading technique. The result of the study shows that (1) multicultural relation represented in the novel encompasses a broad and complex diversity with various differences, (2) issues concerning cultural and religious backgrounds are still negotiated in daily practices, specifically in friendship, and (3) for marrital aspects, they are hardly free from standard norms and customs that are still strongly upheld. The conclusion of the research is that multiculturalism in Indonesia tends to be limited to social practices in the surface sphere. Therefore, it has not completely blended because of  rigid and monolithic cultural traditions. 

On the Primacy of Matter: Neoplatonism Right-Side Up

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Tritten
Keyword(s):  
Close Reading ◽  
After Effect ◽  
The One

This chapter provides a close reading of Schelling’s early commentary on Plato’s Timaeus and then contrasts this reading with Neoplatonism’s, particularly Proclus’, understanding of this same text. While Neoplatonism views being according to a hierarchy of degradation or descent, with matter at the bottom, Schelling affirms that being potentiates itself into higher and greater degrees of order such that matter is not the last but the first. He is able to do this, however, only by rejecting the Platonic notion of participation. For Schelling, the participating acquires an independence from the participated so that an effect can be greater than its cause and, moreover, the effect exerts a retroactive after effect on the cause. The identity of a cause or antecedent is only constituted in and through its consequents. If matter is said to process from the One, then matter, in turn, is the consequent condition of the identity of the One as one rather than as many.

Representasi Sikap Kebangsaan Anak Muda dalam Hegemoni Negara pada Novel Populer

Metahumaniora ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Muhamad Adji
Keyword(s):  
New Order ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Third ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Popular Novel

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang sikap kebangsaananak muda Indonesia pada tiga novel populer yaitu Ali Topan Anak Jalanan karya TeguhEsha, Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bis karya Hilman Hariwijaya, dan Balada Si Roy karya GolaGong. Alasan pemilihan objek penelitian di atas adalah karena ketiga novel tersebut memilikitingkat popularitas yang tinggi pada tiap zamannya sehingga membuat tokoh utamanyamenjadi representasi anak muda Indonesia pada zamannya masing-masing. Pertanyaanpertanyaanyang memandu tulisan ini adalah 1) Bagaimana keindonesiaan digambarkanpada ketiga novel tersebut dan 2) Bagaimana sikap kebangsaan direpresentasikan tokohanak muda pada ketiga novel tersebut. Dari hasil kajian didapatkan simpulan bahwasikap kebangsaan yang ditampilkan pada ketiga novel tersebut memiliki tingkatan yangberbeda-beda. Novel Ali Topan Anak Jalanan menunjukkan sikap kebangsaan dengan lebihkritis. Hegemoni orde Baru pada masa itu belum berhasil karena novel populer masihmenampilkan tokoh anak muda yang kritis dan cenderung memberontak terhadap nilainilaiideologi Orde Baru. Periode ’80-an menampilkan novel populer dengan tokoh anakmuda yang memiliki sikap kebangsaan yang terbelah. Pertama, anak muda yang dapatmenerima realitas yang dikontruksi Orde Baru, dengan menjalani sistem tersebut danmemposisikan dirinya sebagai bagian dari sistem tersebut. Hal itu direpresentasikan olehtokoh Lupus dalam novel Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bis. Kedua, anak muda yang tidakdapat menerima realitas yang dikonstruksi Orde Baru, dengan cara keluar dari bagiansistem tersebut. Hal itu direpresentasikan oleh tokoh Roy dalam Balada Si Roy.Kata kunci: kebangsaan, anak muda, novel populer, Orde BaruAbstractThis study aims to obtain a picture of Indonesian nationalism in the three popularnovels that were Ali Topan Anak Jalanan by Teguh Esha, Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bisby Hilman Hariwijaya, dan Balada Si Roy by Gola Gong. The reason for choosing the object ofresearch above is that all three novels are recognized to have high levels of popularity in eachera so that made the main characters became a representation of Indonesian youth at that time.The questions that guide the writing are 1) How Indonesianness described in the third novel?2) How does nationalism represented by youth in these three novels. From the study results isobtained the conclusion that nationalism is displayed on the third novel has a level different.Ali Topan Anak Jalanan show a nationalism more critically. The New Order’s hegemony atthat time has not been successful because the novel still showing a critical youth and tends torevolt against the ideological values of the New Order. The ‘80s period featured a popular novelwith a youth character who had a split nationalism. First, the youth who can accept the realitythat the New Order has constructed, with the system and position itself as part of the system.It was represented by the Lupus’s character in the Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bis. Second,the youth who can not accept the facts constructed by the New Order, by going out from thatpart of the system. It was represented by Roy’s character in the Balada Si Roy.Keywords: nationalism, youth, popular novel, New Order

Elementy poetyki ludowej w powieści Rzeczy uprzyjemniające. Utopia T. Bołdak-Janowskiej

2020 ◽  
pp. 182-197
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Goral
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The One ◽  
Cultural Features

The aim of the article is to analyse the elements of folk poetics in the novel Pleasant things. Utopia by T. Bołdak-Janowska. The category of folklore is understood in a rather narrow way, and at the same time it is most often used in critical and literary works as meaning a set of cultural features (customs and rituals, beliefs and rituals, symbols, beliefs and stereotypes) whose carrier is the rural folk. The analysis covers such elements of the work as place, plot, heroes, folk system of values, folk rituals, customs, and symbols. The description is conducted based on the analysis of source material as well as selected works in the field of literary text analysis and ethnolinguistics. The analysis shows that folk poetics was creatively associated with the elements of fairy tales and fantasy in the studied work, and its role consists of – on the one hand – presenting the folk world represented and – on the other – presenting a message about the meaning of human existence.

Dombey and Son

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Dickens ◽  
Dennis Walder
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Future ◽  
Original Illustrations ◽  
The One

Dombey and Son ... Those three words conveyed the one idea of Mr. Dombey's life. The earth was made for Dombey and Son to trade in, and the sun and moon were made to give them light.' The hopes of Mr Dombey for the future of his shipping firm are centred on his delicate son Paul, and Florence, his devoted daughter, is unloved and neglected. When the firm faces ruin, and Dombey's second marriage ends in disaster, only Florence has the strength and humanity to save her father from desolate solitude. This new edition contains Dickens's prefaces, his working plans, and all the original illustrations by ‘Phiz’. The text is that of the definitive Clarendon edition. It has been supplemented by a wide-ranging Introduction, highlighting Dickens's engagement with his times, and the touching exploration of family relationships which give the novel added depth and relevance.

scholarly journals The Energy-Efficient Processing of Fine Materials by the Micropyretic Synthesis Route

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Efficient Processing ◽  
The One ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Diffusion Controlled Reaction

Energy-efficient processing of TiB compound with nanowhiskers by micropyretic synthesis is investigated in this paper. Micropyretic synthesis not only offers shorter processing time but also excludes the requirement for high-temperature sintering and it is considered as the one of the novel energy-saving processing techniques. Experimental study and numerical simulation are both carried out to investigate the correlation of the processing parameters on the microstructures of the micropyretically synthesized products. The diffusion-controlled reaction mechanism is proposed in this study. It is noted that nanosize TiB whiskers only occurred when the combustion temperature is lower than the melting point of TiB but higher than the extinguished temperature. The results generated in the numerical calculation can be used as a helpful reference to select the proper route of processing nanosize materials. The Arrhenius-type plot of size and temperature is used to calculate the activation energy of TiB reaction. In addition to verifying the accuracy of the experimental measures, the reaction temperature for producing the micropyretically synthesized products with nanofeatures can be predicted.

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