Representasi Sikap Kebangsaan Anak Muda dalam Hegemoni Negara pada Novel Populer

Metahumaniora ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Muhamad Adji

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang sikap kebangsaananak muda Indonesia pada tiga novel populer yaitu Ali Topan Anak Jalanan karya TeguhEsha, Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bis karya Hilman Hariwijaya, dan Balada Si Roy karya GolaGong. Alasan pemilihan objek penelitian di atas adalah karena ketiga novel tersebut memilikitingkat popularitas yang tinggi pada tiap zamannya sehingga membuat tokoh utamanyamenjadi representasi anak muda Indonesia pada zamannya masing-masing. Pertanyaanpertanyaanyang memandu tulisan ini adalah 1) Bagaimana keindonesiaan digambarkanpada ketiga novel tersebut dan 2) Bagaimana sikap kebangsaan direpresentasikan tokohanak muda pada ketiga novel tersebut. Dari hasil kajian didapatkan simpulan bahwasikap kebangsaan yang ditampilkan pada ketiga novel tersebut memiliki tingkatan yangberbeda-beda. Novel Ali Topan Anak Jalanan menunjukkan sikap kebangsaan dengan lebihkritis. Hegemoni orde Baru pada masa itu belum berhasil karena novel populer masihmenampilkan tokoh anak muda yang kritis dan cenderung memberontak terhadap nilainilaiideologi Orde Baru. Periode ’80-an menampilkan novel populer dengan tokoh anakmuda yang memiliki sikap kebangsaan yang terbelah. Pertama, anak muda yang dapatmenerima realitas yang dikontruksi Orde Baru, dengan menjalani sistem tersebut danmemposisikan dirinya sebagai bagian dari sistem tersebut. Hal itu direpresentasikan olehtokoh Lupus dalam novel Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bis. Kedua, anak muda yang tidakdapat menerima realitas yang dikonstruksi Orde Baru, dengan cara keluar dari bagiansistem tersebut. Hal itu direpresentasikan oleh tokoh Roy dalam Balada Si Roy.Kata kunci: kebangsaan, anak muda, novel populer, Orde BaruAbstractThis study aims to obtain a picture of Indonesian nationalism in the three popularnovels that were Ali Topan Anak Jalanan by Teguh Esha, Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bisby Hilman Hariwijaya, dan Balada Si Roy by Gola Gong. The reason for choosing the object ofresearch above is that all three novels are recognized to have high levels of popularity in eachera so that made the main characters became a representation of Indonesian youth at that time.The questions that guide the writing are 1) How Indonesianness described in the third novel?2) How does nationalism represented by youth in these three novels. From the study results isobtained the conclusion that nationalism is displayed on the third novel has a level different.Ali Topan Anak Jalanan show a nationalism more critically. The New Order’s hegemony atthat time has not been successful because the novel still showing a critical youth and tends torevolt against the ideological values of the New Order. The ‘80s period featured a popular novelwith a youth character who had a split nationalism. First, the youth who can accept the realitythat the New Order has constructed, with the system and position itself as part of the system.It was represented by the Lupus’s character in the Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bis. Second,the youth who can not accept the facts constructed by the New Order, by going out from thatpart of the system. It was represented by Roy’s character in the Balada Si Roy.Keywords: nationalism, youth, popular novel, New Order

Metahumaniora ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Muhamad Adji

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang sikap kebangsaananak muda Indonesia pada tiga novel populer yaitu Ali Topan Anak Jalanan karya TeguhEsha, Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bis karya Hilman Hariwijaya, dan Balada Si Roy karya GolaGong. Alasan pemilihan objek penelitian di atas adalah karena ketiga novel tersebut memilikitingkat popularitas yang tinggi pada tiap zamannya sehingga membuat tokoh utamanyamenjadi representasi anak muda Indonesia pada zamannya masing-masing. Pertanyaanpertanyaanyang memandu tulisan ini adalah 1) Bagaimana keindonesiaan digambarkanpada ketiga novel tersebut dan 2) Bagaimana sikap kebangsaan direpresentasikan tokohanak muda pada ketiga novel tersebut. Dari hasil kajian didapatkan simpulan bahwasikap kebangsaan yang ditampilkan pada ketiga novel tersebut memiliki tingkatan yangberbeda-beda. Novel Ali Topan Anak Jalanan menunjukkan sikap kebangsaan dengan lebihkritis. Hegemoni orde Baru pada masa itu belum berhasil karena novel populer masihmenampilkan tokoh anak muda yang kritis dan cenderung memberontak terhadap nilainilaiideologi Orde Baru. Periode ’80-an menampilkan novel populer dengan tokoh anakmuda yang memiliki sikap kebangsaan yang terbelah. Pertama, anak muda yang dapatmenerima realitas yang dikontruksi Orde Baru, dengan menjalani sistem tersebut danmemposisikan dirinya sebagai bagian dari sistem tersebut. Hal itu direpresentasikan olehtokoh Lupus dalam novel Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bis. Kedua, anak muda yang tidakdapat menerima realitas yang dikonstruksi Orde Baru, dengan cara keluar dari bagiansistem tersebut. Hal itu direpresentasikan oleh tokoh Roy dalam Balada Si Roy.Kata kunci: kebangsaan, anak muda, novel populer, Orde BaruAbstractThis study aims to obtain a picture of Indonesian nationalism in the three popularnovels that were Ali Topan Anak Jalanan by Teguh Esha, Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bisby Hilman Hariwijaya, dan Balada Si Roy by Gola Gong. The reason for choosing the object ofresearch above is that all three novels are recognized to have high levels of popularity in eachera so that made the main characters became a representation of Indonesian youth at that time.The questions that guide the writing are 1) How Indonesianness described in the third novel?2) How does nationalism represented by youth in these three novels. From the study results isobtained the conclusion that nationalism is displayed on the third novel has a level different.Ali Topan Anak Jalanan show a nationalism more critically. The New Order’s hegemony atthat time has not been successful because the novel still showing a critical youth and tends torevolt against the ideological values of the New Order. The ‘80s period featured a popular novelwith a youth character who had a split nationalism. First, the youth who can accept the realitythat the New Order has constructed, with the system and position itself as part of the system.It was represented by the Lupus’s character in the Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bis. Second,the youth who can not accept the facts constructed by the New Order, by going out from thatpart of the system. It was represented by Roy’s character in the Balada Si Roy.Keywords: nationalism, youth, popular novel, New Order


Author(s):  
Faridatus Soleha

This study aims to describe the feelings of the characters in the novel Juang Notes by Fiersa Bersari and researchers analyze using personality theory originated by Ludwig Klages by focusing his study on the personality structure of feelings. Feeling is a process of someone accepting or rejecting something in life. This study uses a qualitative approach by using library techniques to obtain data that will produce a description of the words or sentences in the observed study. In the analysis of this research using the hermeutics technique, in the hermeutics technique there are several stages, namely reading the research object in this study in the form of a fighting journal, the second gives a mark on the data that has been obtained from the reading results, the third provides code or coding on the data that has been found, and the fourth is to analyze data that has been obtained from the object of research in accordance with the specified research focus. Novel Notes Juang by Fiersa Besari is a novel that can be used as an inspiration for readers in living life. Based on the results of the study it was found that in the Fighting Notes novel there is a feeling that is divided into inner activities and the level of clarity, inner activities in the novel in the form of fear and guilt while viewed from the level of clarity in the form of happiness, sadness and longing.


2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-200
Author(s):  
Robert Z. Birdwell

Critics have argued that Elizabeth Gaskell's first novel, Mary Barton (1848), is split by a conflict between the modes of realism and romance. But the conflict does not render the novel incoherent, because Gaskell surpasses both modes through a utopian narrative that breaks with the conflict of form and gives coherence to the whole novel. Gaskell not only depicts what Thomas Carlyle called the ‘Condition of England’ in her work but also develops, through three stages, the utopia that will redeem this condition. The first stage is romantic nostalgia, a backward glance at Eden from the countryside surrounding Manchester. The second stage occurs in Manchester, as Gaskell mixes romance with a realistic mode, tracing a utopian drive toward death. The third stage is the utopian break with romantic and realistic accounts of the Condition of England and with the inadequate preceding conceptions of utopia. This third stage transforms narrative modes and figures a new mode of production.


Author(s):  
Isao Okayasu ◽  
Chi-Ok Oh ◽  
Duarte B Morais

Running is one of the most popular activities in the world. Runners’ attitudes and behaviors vary depending on their running style. This study aims to construct different measures of running specialization based on the theory of specialization. This study also tests a runner’s stage of specialization segmentation based on recreation specialization and examines the predictive relationship between a runner’s specialization and event attachment. Three groups of sampling data assess the performance of diverse specialization measures for running in three marathon events. First, two surveys were conducted with marathon participants to assess the performance of diverse specialization measures for runners. Second, the third dataset was used to examine the relationship between a runner’s recreation specialization and event attachment.The study results showed that the 15 measures of specialization showed a good fit to the data. Our research showed how runners’ recreation specialization is connected to their event attachment. In addition, this study suggested event management for subdivisions of runners. Its practical implication is that recreation specialization for running can help us understand event attachment.


Author(s):  
Anatoly S. Kuprin ◽  
Galina I. Danilina

The purpose of this study is the analysis of limit situation in the narrative of war. The material of the study is the novel of Daniil Granin “My Lieutenant” and related texts. In the first part of the paper, the authors explore existing approaches to the term “limit situation” and similar concepts into scientific and philosophical traditions; limits of its applicability in literary studies and its relation to the categories of “narrative instances” and “event”. Proposed a literary-theoretical definition of the limit situation, which can be used in the analysis of fiction texts. Existing approaches to the examination of the situation of war are analyzed: philosophical-existential, psychoanalytic, sociological, literary. In the second part of the paper, the authors propose their method for analyzing limit situations in texts about war, which basis on existing approaches and preserves the text-centric principle of studying the structure of the story. Two interrelated areas of research have been identified: the study of war as a continuous limit situation in the intertextual aspect (the discourse of war); the study of limit situations (death, suffering, guilt, accident) in the narrative of war as part of a specific text. In the third part of the scientific work,the analysis of war as a continuous limit situation results in the study of the concept of “limit” (border) in a fiction text. The role of “limit” (border) concept in the texts about the war is studied, the possible types of limits in the discourse of war are examined. Limit situations in the narrative of war are analyzed on the basis of the novel “My Lieutenant” by Daniil Granin. A review of journalistic and scientific works about the novel revealed both the continuity and the differences between the novel and the “lieutenant” prose of the 20th century. An analysis of the limit situations in the novel revealed their key position in the narrative. These situations are independent of the fiction time, of the fluctuation of the point of view’; the function of the abstract author is to build the narrative as a “directive” immersion of the hero and narrator in these situations.


Author(s):  
Michael P. DeJonge

If, as Chapter 12 argues, much of Bonhoeffer’s resistance thinking remains stable even as he undertakes the novel conspiratorial resistance, what is new in his resistance thinking in the third phase? What receives new theological elaboration is the resistance activity of the individual, which in the first two phases was overshadowed by the resistance role played by the church. Indeed, as this chapter shows, Bonhoeffer’s conspiratorial activity is associated with what he calls free responsible action (type 6), and this is the action of the individual, not the church, in the exercise of vocation. As such, the conspiratorial activity is most closely related to the previously developed type 1 resistance, which includes individual vocational action in response to state injustice. But the conspiratorial activity differs from type 1 resistance as individual vocational action in the extreme situation.


Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Angelico ◽  
Angela Santoro ◽  
Frediano Inzani ◽  
Patrizia Straccia ◽  
Saveria Spadola ◽  
...  

Background: To date, useful diagnostic applications of p16 IHC have been documented in gynecological pathology both for HPV-related and non-HPV-related lesions. In the present article, we reported our experience with the novel anti-p16 INK4a antibody (clone BC42), whose expression was tested across all different gynecologic neoplasms; we also compared it to the traditional E6H4 clone. Moreover, we discussed and explored all the diagnostic applications of p16 IHC in gynecologic pathology. Methods: Consultation cases covering a 5-year period (2016–2020) regarding gynecological neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions in which immunohistochemistry for p16, clone E6H4 was originally performed, were retrospectively retrieved from the files of our institution. Immunohistochemical staining for p16ink4a (BC42) [Biocare Medical group-Paceco USA; Bioptica Milan] and p16ink4a (E6H4) [Ventana Medical Systems-Arizona USA; Roche] was performed by using the Ventana automated immunostainer (Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, AZ, USA). The immunostaining pattern was defined as negative, focal/patchy, or diffuse. Results: A total of 196 cases, represented by 36 high-grade SIL/CIN3 of the uterine cervix, 30 cervical adenocarcinomas, 22 cervical squamous cell carcinoma, 70 endometrial carcinomas, 25 high grade serous ovarian carcinomas, 6 uterine adenomatoid tumors, and 10 uterine leiomyosarcomas were included in this study. Results showed concordant staining quality of both clones on all tested neoplastic tissues. Conclusions: The novel anti-p16 antibody (BC42 clone) appeared as an alternative to the current E6H4 for use in gynecological neoplasms, offering similar levels of positivity and equally reliable staining results.


PMLA ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-91
Author(s):  
Stuart Wilson

The heroine of Richardson's first novel is neither a meretricious young hussy nor a paragon of virtue; she is a complex personality who moves from a naive adolescence to a composed maturity in the course of the narrative. The conflict between her devotion to moral principle and her growing affection for Mr. B., which develops in the first, or Bedfordshire, section of the novel, brings a near-psychic collapse in the second, or Lincolnshire, section. The imagery and symbolism show the nature of her torments, her growing awareness of a love that combines eros and agape, and her need for the reconciliation between conscience and libido which is completed after her return to the Bedfordshire estate in the third section. The formal symmetry of the novel evolves from the narrative process within which Pamela is tested and proved capable of an honest love and a tranquil marriage.


2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Kitamura ◽  
Chieko Kogomori ◽  
Hirokazu  Hamano ◽  
Iwao Maekawa ◽  
Takashi Shimizu ◽  
...  

Background: Term infants can be categorized into 3 sub-groups: early term (37w0d to 38w6d), full term (39w0d to 40w6d), and late term (41w0d and beyond). However, the fatty acid composition among the 3 groups of term infants has not been investigated. The association between fatty acid composition and gestational period of term infants in Japan is unclear. Methods: We assessed the fatty acid composition of maternal erythrocyte membranes in the third trimester and of cord erythrocyte membranes at birth in 212 healthy term Japanese infants using data from a prospective hospital-based cohort study. Results: In maternal erythrocyte membranes, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels and omega-3 index were significantly higher in the late-term group than in the early-term group. In cord erythrocyte membranes, DHA levels were not significantly different between the 3 groups; late-term infants showed significantly higher DHA/arachidonic acid (ARA) and lower 20: 3n-6 and ARA levels compared to early-term infants. Gestational period positively correlated with the DHA status in maternal and cord erythrocyte membranes. Conclusions: Fatty acid composition in maternal and cord erythrocyte membranes varies between early-, full-, and late-term infants, and the greater gestational period may contribute to the relatively high n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids status in term infants. Furthermore, maternal DHA status in the third semester directly correlates with gestational period in pregnant Japanese women.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (08) ◽  
pp. 472-483
Author(s):  
Sitangshu Khatua ◽  
◽  
Debdulal Dutta Roy ◽  

Financial Self-efficacy is defined as a person’s observed capability to control his/her personal finances (Lapp, 2010; Postmus, 2011). It refers to one’s beliefs in the abilities to accomplish a financial goal or task. It is the “knowledge and ability to influence and control one’s financial matters” by Fox and Bartholomae (2008). Financial efficacy pattern of people during very critical moment is unknown. The world is experiencing one of the deepest recessions since the Great Depression in the 1930s owing to the novel coronavirus, World Bank President David Malpass has said, terming the COVID-19 pandemic a “catastrophic event” for many developing and the poorest countries. Aim of the study is to examine financial efficacy pattern of people during lockdown period for COVID-19. Data were collected through online mode using financial efficacy scale developed by authors for the study. Results of principal component analysis revealed that during lockdown, financial efficacy is more concerned with financial planning, planned payment and financial coping.


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