scholarly journals Aluerakenne, alueellinen erivertaisuus ja Suomen aluekehitys

Terra ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-127
Author(s):  
Sami Moisio ◽  
Heikki Sirviö
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Conceptual Frame

In this paper we draw on the work of Doreen Massey and David Harvey and think with the concept of spatial structure. We divide the concept into three constitutive elements: uneven geographical development (materiality), the discursive production of spatial structures (semiosis) and collective politics of spatial structure (experience). We conclude our argument with the concept of relational inequality and a call for rigorous examination of the history and current development of spatial structures in Finland and elsewhere from the perspective of the threefold conceptual frame presented in the paper. 

scholarly journals Urban spatial structure re-identification as an approach to solving urban transport problem (A case study in Malang)

2018 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 10006
Author(s):  
Dadang Meru Utomo ◽  
Septiana Hariyani
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Centrality Index ◽  
Effective Result

In an effort to solve the congestion problem, the local government of Malang City has taken various steps. However, unfortunately, the result has not been effective. This shows that the efforts that have been taken so far are sectoral, therefore a more comprehensive approach is needed in order to reach a more effective result. This research aims at re-evaluating the determination of Malang City's urban spatial structure through the delineation of narrower units of area using the centrality index method. The research suggests that urban spatial structures have a very clear pattern of association with congestion locations. It can be concluded that the local government of Malang City needs to put more consideration on evaluating the urban spatial structure to solve the problem of transportation which is ever-growing the in second largest urban area in East Java Province.

On the Possible Spatial Structures of the β – Amyloid.

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
Globular Proteins ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
Protein Molecules ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
First Time

Spatial models of the β - structures of protein molecules, forming layers of amino acids, in principle, of unlimited length for both antiparallel and parallel conformation have been constructed. It is shown that the simplified flat Pauling models do not reflect the spatial structure of these layers. Using the recently developed theory of higher-dimensional polytopic prismahedrons, models of the volumetric filling of space with amino acid molecules are constructed. The constructed models for the first time mathematically describe the native structures of globular proteins.

Modulation and mechanism of spatial structure for multi-layer cyanate ester resin composites to achieve remarkably increased energy storage density and decreased dielectric loss

2020 ◽  
pp. 002199832095188
Author(s):  
Xiaobao Zhang ◽  
Li Yuan ◽  
Guozheng Liang ◽  
Aijuan Gu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Dielectric Loss ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Cyanate Ester ◽  
Energy Storage Density ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Storage Density

Overcoming sticky problems of large dielectric loss and poor breakdown strength ( Eb) is prerequisite of actual applications for high dielectric constant polymer composites. Herein, three kinds of multi-layer structure composites with different spatial structures (2MP-CE/CNT, CE/CNT-2MP-CE/CNT, MP-CE/CNT-MP) were prepared based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs), cyanate ester (CE) resin and mica paper (MP). Compared with traditional single-layer CE/CNT composite, multi-layer CE/CNT-2MP-CE/CNT composites, of which the middle layer is two pieces of MPs with a thickness of 60 µm, while both bottom and top layers are CE/CNT composite, simultaneously achieve 105 reduction in dielectric loss and 18.1 times increase in energy storage density ( Ue). Through modulating two sheets of MPs and CE/CNT as top and bottom layer, respectively, 2MP-CE/CNT composite with 60 μm MPs has the largest breakdown strength ( Eb), its Eb and Ue are severally about 7.1 and 19.5 times of those of CE/CNT composite. The relationship and mechanism between spatial structure and integrated performance such as dielectric properties, Eb and Ue of composites were systematically investigated. The attractive integrated performances of CE/CNT-2MP-CE/CNT and 2MP-CE/CNT composites are attributed to their unique composition and spatial structures, which bring special micro-capacitance and interfacial polarization, and thus leading to outstanding performances. Therefore, this investigation provides a strategy for getting desirable performances through building composites with specific spatial structure.

SYNTACTIC ANALYSIS AND REPRESENTATION OF SPATIAL STRUCTURES BY PUZZLETREES

1995 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 517-533
Author(s):  
ANDREAS DENGEL
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Syntactic Analysis ◽  
Space Representation ◽  
Hierarchical Data ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Hierarchical Data Structure ◽  
Original Space

The objective of this paper is to propose a syntactic formalism for space representation, which besides the well known advantages of hierarchical data structure, has the additional strength of self-adapting to a spatial structure at hand. The formalism is called puzzletree because its generation results in a number of blocks which in a certain order — like a puzzle — reconstruct the original space. The approach may be applied to any higher-dimensioned space (e.g. images, volumes). The paper concentrates on the principles of puzzletrees by explaining the underlying heuristic for their generation with respect to 2D spaces, i.e. images.

scholarly journals Upaya Mendorong Kolaborasi menuju Pengembangan Struktur Ruang Bernuansa Knowledge Based di Era Disrupsi

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-662
Author(s):  
Ridwan Sutriadi ◽  
Ahmad Zaini Miftah
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The 1960S

This paper explores the development of multi centre urban spatial structures, as the development of three classical models, namely monocentric, sectoral, and multiple nuclei. By implementing a literature study method on studies of the global development of urban spatial structures which began from the 1960s until the 2000s era, lessons learned for Indonesia can be taken in promoting sustainable urban spatial structure.  The thought of developing urban spatial structure starts from the awareness of urban expansion beyond its administrative boundaries in the 1960s (urban field), the importance of the systemic context in the development of urban spatial structures (1970s), the systemic concept must be supported by the collaboration of mutual cooperation among city’s functions in the concept of inter-city networks (1980s), spatial planning integration between core cities and suburbs which emerge urban areas (1990s). In 2000s era, the development of polycentric could be located in one urban area or among urban areas, also highly connected with innovation as a reflection of the use of knowledge for urban centers (2010s era).  During the decades, it can be concluded that multi city centers lead to the enrichment of urban function in the sense of public interest and common concern, especially symbolizes continuing knowledge based innovation which could interfere market and existing values (disruption era),  so collaboration among city centers is needed to perform a sustainable synergic urban spatial structure.

scholarly journals Analysis of the influence of types of spatial structures of public gardens of the Orel city on the architectural and ecological sustainability of urbanized landscapes

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1541-1548
Author(s):  
Elena V. Zolotareva ◽  
Ekaterina A. Korenkova
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
The State ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Public Gardens ◽  
Closed Type ◽  
The City

Introduction. A public garden or park improvement project should arise from a scientifically grounded study of the territory and proceed from the further development of this object. The aim of the study is to analyze the territory of public gardens in the city of Orel to determine the influence of types of spatial structures on the features of the functioning of a landscape object, to predict the stability of the studied landscape and to assess the dynamics of urban ecosystems based on the state of tree vegetation. Tasks: to analyze the placement and ratio of types of spatial structures on the objects under study; to make an aesthetic and sanitary-hygienic assessment of the landscape; to monitor the state of woody vegetation at the facilities. Materials and methods. For the development of scientifically based design of sustainable urban ecosystems and the reconstruction of urban objects of landscape architecture, a method is proposed for studying the territory of squares along the selected contours of types of spatial structures (TPS), which allows us to identify positive and negative factors affecting the development of design solutions. When analyzing the TPS of the investigated squares, satellite images of objects were used. Results. As studies of the type of spatial structure have shown, in most of the investigated squares, indoor TPS prevails; on average, this type of spatial structure is established on 41.8 % of the square of squares. The location of open and semi-open TPS is haphazard and random. The lowest aesthetic score was established for the closed TPS-21.9 points, which is due to the difficulty of identifying species points in such spaces, poor visibility, inhibition of the growth of not only trees, but also the ground vegetation cover, which in most cases is represented by a sparse grass stand with poor species diversity. When conducting a sanitary and hygienic assessment of various TPSs, it was found that a closed TPS also corresponds to the worst grade (2.5 class), which is associated with a decrease in the suitability for performing sanitary and hygienic functions in weakened and damaged plants. Conclusions. For the majority of public gardens in the city of Orel with a plant age close to the maximum in urban conditions, a closed type of spatial structure is characteristic. The closed type of spatial structure led to a decrease not only in attractiveness, but also in the performed sanitary and hygienic role of landscape architecture objects.

Spatial Structures and Trends of Cities in Europe and Asia:  A Joint Methodological Approach Based on the Global Human Settlement Layer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-217
Author(s):  
Debolina Kundu ◽  
Andre Mueller ◽  
Volker Schmidt-Seiwert ◽  
Regine Binot ◽  
Lukas Kiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Developing Regions ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
First Time ◽  
Indian Cities ◽  
New Urban Agenda

Human civilization reached a milestone in the first decade of the 21st century, when the global urban population became higher than rural for the first time. However, the process of urbanisation is not uniform across the globe, and striking differences exist in the spatial structure and trends of urbanisation in developed and developing regions because of varying rates of demographic and economic growth. The success of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) depends on addressing urbanisation challenges with comparative knowledge of the spatial structure and growth pattern of the cities across regions. In this context, the present study examines the spatial structures and urbanisation trends of cities in Asia and Europe through standardised data and visualisation, with particular reference to India and Germany. The results show that ‘shrinking cities’ are more common in Europe and particularly in Germany. In contrast, Indian cities have registered an overall increase in population of cities, although at a slower growth rate. Also, the rate of growth of the built-up areas is relatively higher in India than Europe. However, both these geographies are experiencing higher growth of built-up areas as compared to population. A detailed analysis of the built-up areas in select cities of Europe and India in different time-periods reveals the cities’ growth pattern to be aligned with transport routes. The study concludes that developing a common methodological approach to study the spatial structures and trends of different geographies is a crucial prerequisite for achieving the goals set under SDGs and the New Urban Agenda.

scholarly journals Local growth rules can maintain metabolically efficient spatial structure throughout growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (14) ◽  
pp. 3593-3598
Author(s):  
Yipei Guo ◽  
Mikhail Tikhonov ◽  
Michael P. Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Local Growth ◽  
Signaling Mechanisms ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Metabolic Reactions ◽  
Global Objective

A ubiquitous feature of bacterial communities is the existence of spatial structures. These are often coupled to metabolism, whereby the spatial organization can improve chemical reaction efficiency. However, it is not clear whether or how a desired colony configuration, for example, one that optimizes some overall global objective, could be achieved by individual cells that do not have knowledge of their positions or of the states of all other cells. By using a model which consists of cells producing enzymes that catalyze coupled metabolic reactions, we show that simple, local rules can be sufficient for achieving a global, community-level goal. In particular, even though the optimal configuration varies with colony size, we demonstrate that cells regulating their relative enzyme levels based solely on local metabolite concentrations can maintain the desired overall spatial structure during colony growth. We also show that these rules can be very simple and hence easily implemented by cells. Our framework also predicts scenarios where additional signaling mechanisms may be required.

scholarly journals Could Bryophagous Beetles (Coleoptera: Byrrhidae) Help Us Understand Bryophyte Taxonomy? Preferences within the Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. Species Complex

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 469
Author(s):  
Petr Pyszko ◽  
Michaela Drgová ◽  
Stanislav Ožana ◽  
Ondřej Dorňák ◽  
David Rožek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Herbivorous Insects ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Plant Structure ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Hypnum Cupressiforme

Intrataxonomic differences in terms of angiosperm suitability for herbivorous insects stem from variables such as plant structure, palatability, and chemistry. It has not yet been elucidated whether these differences also occur in terms of the bryophyte’s suitability to bryophages. Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. is a morphologically variable moss species frequently inhabited or fed by insects. In this investigation, we offered five morphotypes of H. cupressiforme to two bryophagous species of Byrrhidae (Coleoptera) to reveal whether the intrataxonomic variability affects beetles’ preferences. The morphotypes were offered with preserved and removed spatial structures. There were no significant differences in morphotype preferences when spatial structures were preserved, although during the daytime, the beetles moved from the flat morphotype to the usual and turgid morphotypes. The beetles preferred the turgid morphotype when the spatial structures were removed. The results suggest that the spatial structure variations in the H. cupressiforme complex are accompanied by different chemical, physiological, or microscopic morphological profiles that are recognized by the bryophagous insects. Phylogenetic and epigenetic analyses can reveal multiple differences within the H. cupressiforme complex. Their interconnection with information about the preferences of bryophagous insects can help us to elucidate which of these differences are ecologically relevant.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI TATA RUANG KAMPUNG KOTA PENDEKATAN RESILIENSI BENCANA BANJIR STUDI KASUS KAMPUNG BETING

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Akbar Pasca Perdana ◽  
Dwita Hadi Rahmi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
The Village

Kampung Beting, Kecamatan Pontianak Timur, Kelurahan Dalam Bugis, Kota Pontianak merupakan kampung rawan bencana banjir. Berdasarkan waktu musim hujan, saat curah hujan tinggi air sungai tersebut meluap hingga menggenangi sebagian wilayah di Kampung Beting. Kampung Beting berdekatan dengan persimpangan 2 sungai besar yakni Sungai Kapuas dan Sungai Landak yang memiliki topografi yang lebih rendah dari wilayah di sekitarnya. Orientasi kampung tersebut tepat berada di atas tepi kedua sungai dan mempengaruhi bentuk Struktur Ruang dan Pola Ruang didalamnya. Tata ruang Kampung tradisional Beting penting untuk dijadikan studi kasus karena berbagai pengalaman permasalahan yang terjadi di dalamnya dengan ancaman bencana banjir, tata ruang terkait pola ruang dan struktur ruang, serta resiliensi. Metode yang digunakan menggunakan simulasi software ArcGis guna pemetaan dan penilaian deskriptif. Hasil penelitian yang ditemukan yaitu; Pertama, resiliensi dapat dilihat dari sudut pandang yang lebih luas, tidak hanya berdasarkan sudut pandang kebencanaan dan iklim yang selama ini menjadi konteks utama resiliensi tetapi juga konteks tata ruang. Kedua, tata ruang kampung beting belum memiliki ketangguhan dengan parameter Struktur Ruang dan Pola Ruang. Ketiga, tingkat resiliensi kampong beting yang berada di tepian kedua sungai terhadap bencana banjir masih rendah dan diperlukan penataan serta mitigasi lebih lanjut bila bencana musiman terjadi. IDENTIFICATION OF KAMPUNG KOTA`S SPATIAL PLANNING THROUGH FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE APPROACH; CASE STUDY: KAMPUNG BETING Kampung Beting, East Pontianak District, Dalam Bugis Village, Pontianak City is a flood-prone village. Based on rainy seasons, when the rainfalls is high, the river water overflows to inundate some areas in Kampung Beting. Kampung Beting is close to the junction of 2 mayor rivers, namely the Kapuas River and the Lancak River, which have a lower topography than the surrounding area. The orientation of the village is right above the banks of the two rivers and affects the shape of the Spatial Structure and Spatial Patterns in it. The layout of the Beting traditional village is important to be used as a case study because of the various experiences of problems that occur in it with the threat of flooding, spatial planning related to spatial patterns and spatial structures, and resilience. The method used is ArcGIS software simulation for mapping and descriptive assessment. The research result found are; First, resilience can be seen from a broader perspective, not only from the point of view of disaster and climate which has been the main context of resilience, but also the context of spatial planning. Second, the spatial structure of the shoal village does not yet have toughness with the parameters of Spatial Structure and Spatial Patterns. Third, the level of resilience of the shoal village located on the banks of the two rivers to flood disasters is still low and further structuring and mitigation is needed if seasonal disasters occur

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