scholarly journals Upaya Mendorong Kolaborasi menuju Pengembangan Struktur Ruang Bernuansa Knowledge Based di Era Disrupsi

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-662
Author(s):  
Ridwan Sutriadi ◽  
Ahmad Zaini Miftah
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The 1960S

This paper explores the development of multi centre urban spatial structures, as the development of three classical models, namely monocentric, sectoral, and multiple nuclei. By implementing a literature study method on studies of the global development of urban spatial structures which began from the 1960s until the 2000s era, lessons learned for Indonesia can be taken in promoting sustainable urban spatial structure.  The thought of developing urban spatial structure starts from the awareness of urban expansion beyond its administrative boundaries in the 1960s (urban field), the importance of the systemic context in the development of urban spatial structures (1970s), the systemic concept must be supported by the collaboration of mutual cooperation among city’s functions in the concept of inter-city networks (1980s), spatial planning integration between core cities and suburbs which emerge urban areas (1990s). In 2000s era, the development of polycentric could be located in one urban area or among urban areas, also highly connected with innovation as a reflection of the use of knowledge for urban centers (2010s era).  During the decades, it can be concluded that multi city centers lead to the enrichment of urban function in the sense of public interest and common concern, especially symbolizes continuing knowledge based innovation which could interfere market and existing values (disruption era),  so collaboration among city centers is needed to perform a sustainable synergic urban spatial structure.

scholarly journals Urban spatial structure re-identification as an approach to solving urban transport problem (A case study in Malang)

2018 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 10006
Author(s):  
Dadang Meru Utomo ◽  
Septiana Hariyani
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Centrality Index ◽  
Effective Result

In an effort to solve the congestion problem, the local government of Malang City has taken various steps. However, unfortunately, the result has not been effective. This shows that the efforts that have been taken so far are sectoral, therefore a more comprehensive approach is needed in order to reach a more effective result. This research aims at re-evaluating the determination of Malang City's urban spatial structure through the delineation of narrower units of area using the centrality index method. The research suggests that urban spatial structures have a very clear pattern of association with congestion locations. It can be concluded that the local government of Malang City needs to put more consideration on evaluating the urban spatial structure to solve the problem of transportation which is ever-growing the in second largest urban area in East Java Province.

scholarly journals Evolution of Green Space under Rapid Urban Expansion in Southeast Asian Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 12024
Author(s):  
Amal Najihah Muhamad Nor ◽  
Hasifah Abdul Aziz ◽  
Siti Aisyah Nawawi ◽  
Rohazaini Muhammad Jamil ◽  
Muhamad Azahar Abas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Metro Manila ◽  
The Impact

Globally, rapid urban expansion has caused green spaces in urban areas to decline considerably. In this study, the rapid expansion of three Southeast Asia cities were considered, namely, Kuala Lumpur City, Malaysia; Jakarta, Indonesia; and Metro Manila, Philippines. This study evaluates the changes in spatial and temporal patterns of urban areas and green space structure in the three cities over the last two decades. Land use land cover (LULC) maps of the cities (1988/1989, 1999 and 2014) were developed based on 30-m resolution satellite images. The changes in the landscape and spatial structure were analysed using change detection, landscape metrics and statistical analysis. The percentage of green space in the three cities reduced in size from 45% to 20% with the rapid expansion of urban areas over the 25-year period. In Metro Manila and Jakarta, the proportion of green space converted to urban areas was higher in the initial 1989 to 1999 period than over the latter 1999 to 2014 period. Significant changes in green space structure were observed in Jakarta and Metro Manila. Green space gradually fragmented and became less connected and more unevenly distributed. These changes were not seen in Kuala Lumpur City. Overall, the impact of spatial structure of urban areas and population density on green space is higher in Jakarta and Metro Manila when this is compared to Kuala Lumpur. Thus, the results have the potential to clarify the relative contribution of green space structure especially for cities in Southeast Asia where only a few studies in urban areas have taken place.

scholarly journals KALIANYAR VERTICAL KAMPONG WITH BEHAVIOR ARCHITECTURE IN JAKARTA

Arsitektura ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
El Yanno Suminar ◽  
Marsudi Marsudi ◽  
Kusumaningdyah Nurul Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Home Base ◽  
Structure Damage ◽  
New Form ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The City

<em>Vertical Kampung Kalianyar design was motivated by data and facts related to the city of Jakarta and some issue as a city that has problems of population density.</em> <em>Jakarta is not the only city that has a population density problems, almost all cities in Indonesia have similar problems against the background of the dominance of urbanization which resulted in the high number of population in urban areas. Most of the problems of population density pose problems of urban spatial structure damage caused by the emergence of slum areas or slums in urban areas some point including the city of Jakarta.</em> <em>Kampung is one of the many forms of settlement which is located in the slum area and pay attention to the spatial structure of the city badly. Kampung Kalianyar is one of the densely populated area in the city of Jakarta which has poor spatial structure. On the other hand, as the settlements, Kampung Kalianyar has its own values and character are formed from several things, one of which is a sense of togetherness with the similarity of the social level. Problem of density in Jakarta has tried to be solved by Jakarta Provincial Government with rumah susun program to accommodate flats dense settlements, but it is considered less than optimal because of the character of residents of rumah susun is not contained in it. This is the destination of Kampung Vertical Kalianyar with the basis of behavior architecture as design concept to accommodate the character of Kampung Kalianyar with methods of observation and mapping that is performed directly in Kampung Kalianyar to be applied into a new form named Kampung Vertical Kalianyar. Results from analysis through observation and mapping will be transformed into a new form as knwon as Kampung Vertical Kalianyar which is able to accommodate all the character and behavior of Kampung Kalianyar like life on the road space which has been the character and social value of Kampung Kalianyar and the units of home base enterprises in every floor level.</em>

A tale of two cities: Jobs–housing balance and urban spatial structures from the perspective of transit commuters

2020 ◽  
pp. 239980832093880
Author(s):  
Jie Huang ◽  
Yujie Hu ◽  
Jiaoe Wang ◽  
Xiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
Transit Network Design

The jobs–housing balance and urban spatial structure are naturally connected, and understanding the connection is important for urban planning, geography, and transport studies. Using smartcard data in Beijing and Shanghai, this research employs a comparative approach to reveal spatial distribution patterns of jobs–housing balance in terms of transit commuters and derive the implied urban spatial structures for the two megacities in China. Results suggested that (1) the overall job–resident ratios estimated with smartcard data were 1.97 and 2.47 in Shanghai and Beijing, respectively; (2) compared to Beijing, Shanghai had greater intermixing of jobs and housing; (3) Beijing’s urban form followed a concentric spatial structure, whereas Shanghai followed a quasi-sector configuration. These findings show that the job–resident ratio can be used as an indicator to capture land-use patterns or functional zones, which is useful for urban planning and transit network design.

scholarly journals Comparing Luojia 1-01 and VIIRS Nighttime Light Data in Detecting Urban Spatial Structure Using a Threshold-Based Kernel Density Estimation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1574
Author(s):  
Yuping Wang ◽  
Zehao Shen
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Density Estimation ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Kernel Density Estimation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Kernel Density ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Nighttime Light

Nighttime light (NTL) data are increasingly used in urban studies and urban planning owing to their strong connection with human activities, although the detection capacity is limited by the spatial resolution of older data. In the present study, we comparedthe results of extractions of urban built-up areas using data obtained from the first professional NTL satellite Luojia 1-01 with a resolution of 130 m and the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). We applied an analyzing framework combing kernel density estimation (KDE) under different search radii and threshold-based extraction to detect the boundary and spatial structure of urban areas. The results showed that: (1) Benefiting from a higher spatial resolution, Luojia 1-01 data was more sensitive in detecting new emerging urban built-up areas, thus better reflected the spatial structure of urban system, and can achieve a higher extraction accuracy than that of VIIRS data; (2) Combining with a proper threshold, KDE improves the extraction accuracy of NTL data by making use of the spatial autocorrelation of nighttime light, thus better detects the scale of the spatial pattern of urban built-up areas; (3) A proper searching radius for KDE is critical for achieving the optimal result, which was 1000 m for Luojia 1-01 and 1600 m for VIIRS in this study. Our findings indicate the usefulness of the KDE method in applying the upcoming high-resolution NTL data such as Luojia 1-01 data in urban spatial analysis and planning.

Land Readjustment in Kathmandu Valley

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
Sunaina Karmacharya
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Residential Neighborhood ◽  
Land Readjustment ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

 Urban expansion of Kathmandu Valley is taking place at the fast rate challenging urban managers and planners of the city. In-migration has resulted in the unplanned urban growth of the city with the shortage of serviced land for urban development in Kathmandu. So Land Readjustment (LR) technique has been used as urban land development tool by the government. There are twenty two LR projects completed, and some of the projects are ongoing in the valley. The overview of the Land Readjustment technique of Kathmandu Valley has been done to explore the required measures needed to reform the existing legal and Institutional Framework and procedure of LR. Among the implemented LR projects, Nayabazar Land pooling has been selected for the case study as almost all the plots have been developed. Now, it is a dense residential neighborhood. The instruments used for research are literature study, in-depth interviews with different stakeholders of LR projects and landowners. Field visit and questionnaire survey in case study area are conducted regarding the street network and open space of the area. The existing system of LR technique is studied relating it with international experience mainly the case of Germany and Japan to draw positive inferences to explore the wider scope of LR technique for the comprehensive development in urban areas.

scholarly journals On the Use of Satellite Imagery and GIS Tools to Detect and Characterize the Urbanization around Heritage Sites: The Case Studies of the Catacombs of Mustafa Kamel in Alexandria, Egypt and the Aragonese Castle in Baia, Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Elfadaly ◽  
Rosa Lasaponara
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Statistical Characterization ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
Over Time

The sustainable development of urban growth is a mandatory challenge to be addressed, as also highlighted in the Agenda 2030, and this requires suitable and sustainable planning strategies, as well as systematic and timely monitoring of urban expansion and its effects. In this context, satellite data (today also available free of charge) can provide both (i) historical time-series datasets, and (ii) timely updated information related to the current urban spatial structure and city edges, as well as parameters to assess urban features and their statistical characterization to better understand and manage the phenomenon. Nevertheless, it is important to highlight that the identification and mapping of urban areas is still today a complex challenge, due to the heterogeneities of materials, complexity of the features, etc. Our approach, herein adopted, addresses the challenges in using heterogeneous data from multiple data sources for change detection analysis to improve knowledge and monitoring of landscape over time with a specific focus on urban sprawl and land-use change around cultural properties and archaeological areas. Two significant test cases were selected: (i) one in Egypt, the Catacombs of Mustafa Kamel in Alexandria, and (ii) one in Italy, the Aragonese Castle in Baia–Naples. For both study areas, the changes in urban layers were identified over time from satellite data and investigated using spatial analytic tools to statistically characterize them. The results of this study showed that (i) the increase in urban areas is the main phenomenon around both heritage areas, (ii) this increase is sharper in developing countries (e.g., Egypt) than developed countries (e.g., Italy), (iii) the methodology herein adopted is suitable for both big and small urban changes as observed around the Catacombs of Mustafa Kamel and the Aragonese Castle.

scholarly journals Structure and Space Pattern in Gunungpati Sub-District

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-168
Author(s):  
Al-Adly Darniyus ◽  
Hardi Warsono ◽  
Teuku Afrizal ◽  
Retno Sunu Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
The City

This article focuses on the evaluation of regional spatial planning policies, namely the Regional Regulation of the City of Semarang Number 14 of 2011 concerning the 2011-2031 Regional Spatial Plan, particularly regarding the spatial structure and spatial patterns in the Gunungpati District. Because the issue of spatial planning has caused various environmental problems in urban areas. This article refers to the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian and Spatial Planning Number 9 of 2017 concerning Guidelines for Monitoring and Evaluation of Spatial Use, using a literature study methodology approach. The results show that the spatial structure determination in Gunungpati District needs to be changed because of the emergence of settlements that are on quite /very sloping slopes. As a result, Gunungpati District as a conservation area, water catchment, and green catchment as well as protecting the area below has changed. Meanwhile, the network of facilities and infrastructure as well as green open space in Gunungpati District has met the requirements of the RTRW for Semarang City. Based on the above considerations, a concrete policy is needed in maintaining the function of the Gunungpati District, so that it can protect the ecosystem in its area. Besides the importance of providing education to the public regarding sustainable urban development, to create complex environmental preservation, this article contributes to the field of public management and a collaborative governance policy model that is directly implemented in the city of Semarang.

scholarly journals Research on an Analytical Framework for Urban Spatial Structural and Functional Optimisation: A Case Study of Beijing City, China

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenting Zhang ◽  
Bo Li
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Beijing City ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Development Zone ◽  
Control Zone

A number of severe ecological problems, and the altered structure of urban spaces, are ascribed to rapid urbanisation. Hence, an analytical framework for urban spatial structure and functional optimisation is highly beneficial to balance the contradiction between developing urban areas and protecting their ecosystems. In this paper, the proposed analytical framework included three parts. We first delineated the ecological suitability zones (ESZs) of Beijing City by applying the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model. Subsequently, considering various socioeconomic and natural environmental factors, the Markov chain model and future land-use simulation (FLUS) model were utilised to predict the urban spatial structure of Beijing in 2031. Finally, taking the ESZ results as a constraint, three scenarios were designed to optimise the extent of city sprawl: the business as usual (BAU) scenario, ecological security (ES) scenario and ecological priority (EP) scenario. We found that the ESZs contained three zones: an ecological control zone (63%), a restricted development zone (22%), and a concentrated development zone (15%). After comparing the three scenarios, we discovered that the ES scenarios ensured the bottom line in terms of Beijing’s ecological security. Additionally, under the EP scenario, the urban spatial structure and function were further optimised. Our study can provide new ideas and technical support for the reasonable layout of urban spatial structure.

Deterioration in the Water Quality of Groundwater in Some Municipal Water Extraction Plants in Finland

1979 ◽  
Vol 10 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 171-190
Author(s):  
Pertti Lahermo ◽  
Jouko Parviainen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Groundwater Extraction ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Municipal Water ◽  
The 1960S

In this study the changes in the quality of groundwater are described on the basis of material collected at some groundwater extraction plants situated mainly in urban areas. The causes of the marked increase in the content of dissolved solids are evaluated from the 1960s onwards.

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