Engineering and Geocryological Conditions of the Elginsky Deposit

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
D.V. Hosoev ◽  
S.V. Panishev ◽  
M.S. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
Coal Deposit ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Glacial Sediments ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Development Technology ◽  
Software Distribution

The paper analyses engineering and geocryological conditions of the Elginsky coal deposit in terms of their impact on the development technology. Based on the analysis of the temperature and humidity conditions of rocks at the Elginsky deposit, it was established that the blasted rocks may re-freeze during the drilling and blasting stage, which is also confirmed by practical experience. Groundwater is present throughout the field, and the water content of the lower levels in the central part of the deposit may impede mining operations and require advance measures to lower the water table. Isomorphic maps of permafrost and glacial sediments in the northwestern part of the Elginsky coal field were created using the Mineframe software. Distribution patterns of these zones were established within the rock mass along the strike and in depth, which will make it possible to make reasonable adjustments to the field development technology.

Methane Injury-Risk at the Russian Mines

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
V.S. Zaburdayev ◽  
◽  
S.N. Podobrazhin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Coal Deposit ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Mining Conditions ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gas Bearing ◽  
Engineering Personnel

Conditions are given concerning the development of methane-bearing coal seams in Russia, the chronology of injuries from explosions and outbreaks of methane-air mixtures at the Russian mines for a quarter of a century of developing coal seams at the nine deposits. The emergency was studied in 174 mine incidents, which occurred mainly at the mines of Kuzbass, Vorkuta coal deposit, Eastern Donbass, Chelyabinsk basin, Primorye and Sakhalin. Emergency objects - excavation areas, preparation faces and mined-out areas of the mines. The sources of ignition of methane-air mixture are drilling and blasting works in the faces, malfunctioning of electrical equipment, frictional sparking, endogenous fires, and smoking in the mines. The most injury-risk for methane are steep and steeply inclined mines. The need in the scientific substantiation of the decisions taken for prevention or reduction of the methane injury-risk at the mines is noted in the article. An important role is assigned to the choice of ways to achieve this goal considering the geological and mining conditions of the development of gas-bearing coal seams. As an example, the conditions, methods, and parameters of mining operations at the excavation areas of four mines are given, where occurred the catastrophic explosions of methane-air and methane-dust-air mixtures. The reasons are gross violations of safety rules during mining operations, incompetence of the mine engineering personnel, design, and control organizations in matters of safety during the underground work at the gas-hazardous mines with an extensive network of workings. This resulted in the death of miners and mine rescuers, the destruction of mine workings, equipment and devices, underground fires. Recommendations are given for reducing the level of methane injury-risk at the methane-rich mines.

scholarly journals Multi-Seam Coal Deposit Modeling via Principal Component Analysis & GIS

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
Georgios Louloudis ◽  
Christos Roumpos ◽  
Konstantinos Theofilogiannakos ◽  
Nikolaos Stathopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Drill Hole ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Coal Deposit ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Maximum Variance ◽  
Mine Development

Spatial modeling and evaluation is a critical step for planning the exploitation of mineral deposits. In this work, a methodology for the investigation of a multi-seam coal deposit spatial variability is proposed. The study area includes the Klidi (Florina, Greece) multi-seam lignite deposit which is suitable for surface mining. The analysis is based on the original data of 76 exploratory drill-holes in an area of 10 km2, in conjunction with the geological and geomorphological data of the deposit. The analytical methods include drill-hole data analysis and evaluation based on an appropriate algorithm, principal component analysis and geographic information techniques. The results proved to be very satisfactory for the explanation of the maximum variance of the initial data values as well as the identification of the deposit structure and the optimum planning of mine development. The proposed analysis can be also helpful for minimizing cost and optimizing efficiency of surface mining operations. Furthermore, the provided methods could be applied in other areas of geosciences, indicating the theoretical value as well as the important practical implications of the analysis.

scholarly journals Integral characteristics of optical spectra, as a new class of descriptors for complex molecular systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Mikhail Yu. Dolomatov ◽  
◽  
Kamil F. Latypov ◽  
Milana M. Dolomatova ◽  
Natalia Kh. Paymurzina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Molecular Systems ◽  
Integral Characteristics ◽  
Development Technology

The authors summarized the results on the study of the relationship of physicochemical properties with spectral integral characteristics of complex molecular systems: integral absorption, reflection coefficients, integral oscillator forces, color characteristics, integral autocorrelation functions, signal convolutions defined in the visible or UV spectral regions. It is shown that these integral characteristics are numerical parameters that adequately convey the physicochemical and electronic properties of molecules and their mixtures, so these values can be used as descriptors. Since electronic spectra are unique characteristics of a substance, these descriptors have a high discriminating ability. The classification of such descriptors is given. These values differ from physicochemical descriptors such as absorption maxima, since their determination requires information on the spectrum of these systems without isolating individual bands and maxima using the Fourier transform. In contrast to conventional physicochemical and quantum mechanical descriptors, the proposed descriptors can be applied to the study of multicomponent systems with unknown structure and composition. This makes it possible to use these values to determine the physicochemical properties and averaged over the composition of the electronic characteristics of a substance, such as petroleum distillates, petroleum, biological fluids, and similar mixtures. The paper provides relevant examples, confirmed by statistical data processing. The obtained patterns should be defined as the patterns "spectrum-property" by analogy with the patterns "structure-property", known in organic chemistry and chemical informatics. The consistency of the developed approach is shown, and a quantum-chemical interpretation of these laws is given. Based on the established spectrum-property dependencies, analytical methods can be developed for determining the amount of complex hydrocarbon systems, such as oil and their products, gas condensates, products of high-temperature pyrolysis of organic substances, etc. The established patterns can be applied to determine the ionization potentials and electron affinity of molecules, as well as in medical diagnostics, oil refining, petrochemistry, oil field development technology, and other fields of science and nanotechnology.

scholarly journals GEOLOGICAL INDUSTRIAL ASSESSMENT AND RANKING OF PROMISING OBJECTS OF THE DOMESTIC BASE OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
V. Mykhailov ◽  
M. Kurilo ◽  
S. Kosharna
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Field Development

Changes in the priority areas of financing in the field of subsurface use and their widespread reorientation to the search for alternative sources of raw materials which could ensure the development of modern high-tech industries are the promising direction for the country's growth in sustainable development conditions and Green Energy Transition. And at the moment the only resource that can ensure safe progress in the future and plays an important role in today's technological development is rare earth elements (REE). Within the framework of this study information on the current state of awareness about the REE mining prospects in Ukraine was analyzed and generalized; the systematization and updating of available data on quantitative and qualitative REE ore occurrences and deposits characteristics and their geological and industrial parameters was done; the main obstacles / barriers to the active mining development on these objects of potential extraction were identified. The obtained ranking results of domestic deposits and REE manifestations prove the expediency of investing in geological exploration and mining operations conducted in certain areas, which are identified as the most attractive for further industrial development and generally emphasize the prospects of the studied area and justify the need in intensification of selected rare earth objects field development.

scholarly journals Management of massif geomechanics through optimization of development technologies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.И. Голик ◽  
О.Г. Бурдзиева ◽  
Б.В. Дзеранов
Keyword(s):  
Research Problem ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Development Technology ◽  
Mechanism Of Interaction ◽  
Object Of Study

Актуальность статьи объясняется необходимость поиска новых ресурсов повышение эффективности использования недр, в том числе, за счет рационального использования геомеханических особенностей скальных массивов при техногенном воздействии на них и механизма взаимодействия пород, слагающих массивы скальных месторождений. Объектом исследования служат структурно напряженные скальные массивы Садонского рудного узла. Целью исследований является оценка перспектив технологий разработки месторождений при освоении запасов в условиях техногенной ослабленности массивов. Методы решения основной задачи исследования образуют собой комплекс, в том числе, систематизация связанных с управлением массивом сведений, разработка критериев эффективности добычи руд и формирование концепции ресурсосберегающей технологии разработки месторождений. Результаты и обсуждение результатов. Сформулирована концепция технологии разработки месторождений на основе методов управления состоянием массива путем назначения оптимального уровня напряжений, формируемых совокупностью сейсмотектонических воздействий и техногенной сейсмичности. Дана типизация методов расчета устойчивых пролетов выработок. Приведены примеры решения горнотехнических задач рекомендуемыми методами расчета. Предложена схема-алгоритм взаимодействия параметров управления массивом. Определено, что перспективы технологий разработки месторождений Садонской группы связаны с реализацией концепции управления массивами пород путем регулирования величины напряжений. Доказано, что учет геомеханических факторов позволяет на всех стадиях отработки месторождения корректировать параметры разработки с повышением качества добываемых руд и уменьшением опасности для работающих. В этих условиях удовлетворительные показатели могут быть обеспечены только на первой стадии разработки при выемке первичных камер. Отработка целиков во вторую стадию увеличивает напряжения до критического состояния, что сопровождается потерей запасов или снижением качества руд до убыточных пределов кондиций. Рекомендовано отработку новых запасов и доработку имеющихся запасов осуществлять по комбинированной схеме: ценные руды с закладкой технологических пустот твердеющими смесями, руды с меньшим содержанием металлов выщелачиванием с использованием хвостов подземного выщелачивания для управления напряжениями, а выщелоченные руды выполняют искусственных целиков, перераспределяя техногенные и природные напряжения. The relevance of the article is explained by the need to search for new resources to increase the efficiency of subsoil use, including due to the rational use of geomechanical features of rock massifs with anthropogenic impact on them and the mechanism of interaction of rocks composing rock massifs. The object of study is the structurally stressed rock massifs of the Sadon ore cluster. The aim of the research is to assess the prospects of field development technologies during the development of reserves in conditions of technogenic weakening of arrays. Methods for solving the main research problem form a complex, including the systematization of information related to managing the array, the development of criteria for the efficiency of ore mining and the formation of the concept of resource-saving technology for developing deposits. Results and discussion of results. The concept of field development technology is formulated on the basis of methods for controlling the state of an array by assigning the optimal level of stresses generated by a combination of seismotectonic impacts and technogenic seismicity. Typification of methods for calculating stable spans of workings is given. Examples of solving mining problems with the recommended calculation methods are given. An algorithm-algorithm for the interaction of array control parameters is proposed. It was determined that the prospects for the development of deposits in the Sadon Group are related to the implementation of the concept of managing rock masses by regulating stresses. It is proved that taking geomechanical factors into account allows at all stages of field development to adjust development parameters with an increase in the quality of mined ores and a decrease in the hazard for workers. Under these conditions, satisfactory performance can only be achieved at the first stage of development when the primary chambers are removed. The development of pillars in the second stage increases stresses to a critical state, which is accompanied by a loss of reserves or a decrease in the quality of ores to unprofitable limits. It was recommended that the development of new reserves and the refinement of existing reserves be carried out according to a combined scheme: valuable ores with the laying of technological voids with hardening mixtures, ores with a lower metal content leaching using underground leaching tails to control stresses, and leached ores perform artificial pillars, redistributing technogenic and natural stresses.

Improvement of the Working Conditions of Oil Miners during the Transition from the Thermoshaft Method of High-Viscosity Oil Production to the Modular Mine Method of the Yaregskoye Field Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
A.I. Fomin ◽  
◽  
T.V. Grunskoy ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Mine Workings ◽  
High Viscosity Oil

The need for high-viscosity oil production in the fields of the Russian Federation is substantiated. The technology of high-viscosity oil production by the thermoshaft method is considered, harmful and hazardous factors at the workplaces of the underground group workers are identified, first of all, the microclimate parameters (increased air temperature of the working area), which effect on the formation of occupational diseases and an increase in the risk of injury to the personnel. The main problems associated with the imperfection of the technology of the thermoshaft method for the extraction of high-viscosity oil, which effect on the safety of conducting operations for the extraction of heavy oil, are investigated, and presented. The options of opening up a high-viscosity oil field with a modular mine, which allows to normalize the thermal regime in mine workings, improve working conditions of the oil miners, reduce the level of occupational diseases and injury rate, reduce the volume of work and the costs of mining operations and maintenance of the mine workings, are considered. The system for the development of the Yaregskoye field of high-viscosity oil with the division of the mine field into separate production blocks using a sectional ventilation scheme, which provides for independent ventilation of each module due to the construction of an air supply and air exhaust shafts in each block-module of the mine is proposed in the article. The surface and underground complex of shafts for the construction of a modular mine is presented. The calculation is carried out and the results of technical solutions for airing various modifications of mini — mines are given. The drilling gallery was designed, which is typical for all the options of opening. In the designed modular mines, a closed oil gathering system is proposed. Comparative economic analysis showed the efficiency of the development of new areas of the Yaregskoye high-viscosity oil field using the construction of modular mines.

Study of geodynamic situation cut off parts of the plots using ergonometry with the open method of field development

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
T. Sh. Dalatkazin ◽  
P. I. Zuev
Keyword(s):  
Safety Margin ◽  
Discrete Distribution ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Carbonate Sediments ◽  
Coal Deposit ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Deformation Processes ◽  
Geodynamic Activity

Modern methods for calculating the safety factor of the sides of the open pit do not take into account the parameters of the modern geodynamic activity of the instrument array. The article presents the results of the first stage of research on the unique capabilities of radonometry to solve this problem. The studies were carried out in the instrument areas of the Shubarkol coal deposit. Terrigenous-carbonate sediments represented by fine and coarse-grained sandstones, siltstones, mudstones, loamy rocks and coals take part in the geological structure of the deposit. The stress-strain state of the rock massif in the area of the Shubarkulsky coal deposit is very heterogeneous. The nature of the deformation processes of the sides of the section is constant and moderate. Here, a discrete distribution of deformation sections is characteristic. The article presents the methods of radonometric measurements, the processing of measurement results and the results of studies of the near-surface sections of a coal mine, aimed at developing a methodology for quantitatively taking into account the degree of modern geodynamic activity in the design of open pit sides. Based on the results of radonometry, the geodynamic activity indices identified in the study of the deformation zones of the instrumentation areas are determined. An algorithm for further studies of the problem of taking into account the degree of modern geodynamic activity in determining the safety margin of open pit sides is determined.The accumulation and generalization of empirical information about the deformation processes of open pits and the results of studies of the geodynamic situation of dash sites, determined using radonometry, will make it possible to modernize the methodology for calculating the margin of safety margin of the sides.

ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF ILLEGAL AMBER MINING ON THE ENVIRONMENT OF RIVNE OBLAST

2020 ◽  
pp. 308-314
Author(s):  
Oleh Kachanovskyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
The State ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Illegal Mining ◽  
Extent Of Damage ◽  
The Impact

Research rationale. The current state of the natural environment in the northwestern part of Ukrainian Polissia is characterized by a huge-scale changes in cultivated lands. The reasons for the disturbance of the structure of natural landscapes are the unauthorized extraction of gemstones, in particular, amber. Problem statement. For Ukraine, this issue has become particularly acute as the environmental consequences of illegal mining are quite disastrous as far as the disturbed biotopes cannot be restored to their original state in a natural way without human intervention, thus they need to be recultivated. Analysis of recent studies and publications. The researches that cover the agenda include the issues of monitoring and determination of locations of lands disturbed due to illegal amber mining as well as the use and classification of lands disturbed as a result of mining industry’s activities. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The introduction of an economic and legal mechanism for compensating by the violator for damage caused by illegal amber mining and the failure to carry out land reclamation after the completion of mining operations will ensure more effective protection of the interests of the state and territorial communities as well as the rights of owners and exploiters of land plots, and will have a positive impact on reducing breaches of law in the area of land utilization. Objective of the research. The purpose of the study is to assess the impact on the environmental condition of the Rivne oblast as well as economic assessment of the extent of damage caused by illegal gemstones mining. Statement of basic materials. Obvious signs of negative anthropogenic impact related to unauthorized use of subsurface resources have been established, namely: the unauthorized removal of the fertile soil layer, excitation of the entire structure of the soil cover, hydrological regime, geological structure of the subsoil area, destroyed vegetation. At the same time, disturbance of land, both for forest and agricultural purposes of various forms of ownership. Following the researches, the extent of damage and compensation to the state resulting from the illegal mining of gemstones was determined. Conclusions under the article. On the territory of the Ukrainian Polissa the technogenic sand massifs and badlands are being intensively formed, which area is constantly increasing. The spread of such formations on the lands of forestry and agricultural purposes creates a threatening ecological and economic situation throughout the region.

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