scholarly journals CULTURAL VALUES OF POLITENESS IN EFL CLASSROOM: A STUDY OF ETNOGRAPHY OF COMMUNICATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-216
Author(s):  
Fitriyah Fitriyah ◽  
Emzir Emzir ◽  
Sakura Ridwan
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Ethnography Of Communication ◽  
English Classes ◽  
Communication Method ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
Cultural Themes

One of the purposes of learning English as a foreign language (EFL) is to be able to communicate. The Students must have communicative competence that does not only consist of linguistic competencies, but also socio-cultural ones. This paper aims to analyse the cultural themes of politeness strategies in EFL Classroom. The research in this paper focused on directive and expressive speech acts in EFL classroom. The participants of this study are three lecturers and the students of three English classes. The data are gathered by video audio by recording the lecturers’ utterances and students’ compliances to the lecturer, in order to find the politeness strategies and the cultural values in EFL classroom. The results show that; 1) There are seven kinds of cultural values of politeness strategies in EFL classroom, such as glorifying God, agreement, apologising, questioning, delivering praise, delivering thank you, and praying for others, 2) The lecturers and students dominantly use agreement and questioning in EFL Classroom. Thereby, this issue is relevant to EFL classes focusing on the improvement of both lecturers and students’ language and cultural skill. The analytical tool refers to the theories of Brown and Levinson’s positive and negative politeness, and the ethnography of communication method. The findings of this study will probably give insights into the pragmatic and conversational rules of EFL. The last part of this paper aims at summarizing that the implications that this paper are relevant to the strategies of teaching English as a Foreign Language.

scholarly journals LECTURERS’ POLITENESS STRATEGIES AND STUDENTS’ COMPLIANCE IN ENGLISH FOR FOREIGN LANGUAGE (EFL) CLASS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-91
Author(s):  
Fitriyah Fitriyah ◽  
Nurmala Dewi ◽  
Octa Pratama Putra ◽  
Meiva Eka Sri Sulistyawati
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
General Strategy ◽  
English Classes ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
Directive Speech Acts ◽  
Directive Speech

The aim of this study is to find out the politeness strategies used by the teachers and students, and how the politeness affects to the student’s compliance. The focus is on directive and expressive speech acts in English for Foreign Language (EFL) Class. The subjects of this study were three lecturers and the students of three English classes. In data collecting procedure, the researcher used observation techniques. The observation was used to record the audio and video of teaching and learning process from the beginning until the end of the class. The audio-record of teaching and learning process will be transcribed into convention transcript, and then the transcript will be selected and classified into ten maxims in doing politeness strategies.  The analytical part adopts the viewpoints of Leech’s (2014) “The Components Maxims of the General Strategy of Politeness”. In the data analysis, it is found that 1) the teachers used ten maxims in their communication to the students. They are tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim agreement maxim, Obligation (of S to O) maxim, sympathy maxim, modest maxim, Obligation (of O to S) maxim, Opinion reticence maxim, and feeling reticence maxim. 2) The lecturers dominantly used tact maxim in their directive speech acts to the students. The last part of this paper aims at summarizing the implications that this paper, its theoretical summary, and its research, have for teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) class.

Politeness in power-asymmetrical e-mail requests of Korean and American corporate employees

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Hee Kim ◽  
Hikyoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Intercultural Experience ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
Employee Groups ◽  
Pragmatic Knowledge ◽  
American Employees ◽  
Pragmatic Strategies ◽  
E Mail

AbstractPrevious research on politeness tends to examine the inadequacy of non-native speakers’ pragmatic knowledge. In this study, we broaden our focus to the influence of different lingua-cultural values on politeness in simulated workplace e-mail requests of Korean and American corporate employees. By exploring differential perceptions towards power-asymmetry, this study investigates how and why politeness strategies are realized similarly and/or differently in and around the speech acts of requests in English. By quantitatively and qualitatively analyzing the elicited data, the study suggests that lingua-cultural values influenced perception and production in power-asymmetrical situations. Findings reveal that power is a more prominent factor than familiarity for Korean employees, but to a lesser extent for American employees when doing politeness in e-mail requests. Results showed that the underlying reasons for formulating requests differed not only between Korean and American employees but also between two Korean employee groups that differed according to depth of intercultural experience. This study contributes to recent research strands in intercultural pragmatics and communication by arguing that pragmatic strategies to express politeness in relation to power are culture specific with existing and newly reconstructed lingua-cultural values coming into play.

Networking-Based Strategies of Intercultural Communicative Competence Development Among Kazakhstani University Students

2019 ◽  
pp. 197-210
Author(s):  
Azamat Akbarov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Intercultural Communicative Competence ◽  
Intercultural Understanding ◽  
Intercultural Awareness ◽  
Language Communication

This chapter presents an empirical study of the intercultural communicative competence of students of Kazakhstani universities. The study results indicate that students should develop their cultural knowledge, intercultural receptivity, communication strategies, intercultural awareness etc. A number of issues related to the formation of intercultural competence in the process of teaching foreign-language communication, taking into account the cultural and mental differences of the native speakers, which is a necessary condition for a successful dialogue of cultures are also discussed. The concept of communicative competence in teaching foreign languages stipulates development of students' knowledge, skills and abilities that enable them to join the ethno-cultural values of the country of the studied language and use the foreign language in situations of intercultural understanding and cognition in practice. Conjunction of such knowledge, skills and abilities constitutes communicative competence. Based on the results of the research, proposals are made for the curriculum and teaching of intercultural communication and methods of developing intercultural communicative competence of students of Kazakhstan universities in a networked environment.

scholarly journals Intercultural pragmatics in the Global Englishes context: Some implications for developing intercultural communicative competence

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-31
Author(s):  
Magdalena Sztencel
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
English Language ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Global Communication ◽  
Intercultural Communicative Competence ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
Intercultural Pragmatics

The prevalent use of English as a lingua franca raises questions about the consequences for the practice of English Language Teaching. This paper investigates some of the pedagogical implications from the perspective of intercultural pragmatics. I argue that developing politeness strategies is an important aspect of enhancing learners’ intercultural communicative competence. This is illustrated with the examples of speech acts such as requests, conditional threats and conditional promises. I draw attention to some fundamental misconceptions that may arise from an inadequate interpretation of cross-cultural findings, and argue that in order to establish which politeness strategies to use in the context of global communication, the focus of intercultural investigations needs to be shifted from studying lingua-cultural differences to studying lingua-cultural similarities.

scholarly journals The Investigation of Request Strategies By EFL Learners of The International Institute of Tourism and Business Denpasar

HUMANIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Gede Eka Wahyu ◽  
Ni Putu Evi Wahyu Citrawati
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
English Proficiency ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Written Discourse ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Completion Test ◽  
Request Strategies

Communicative competence has been the goal teaching of a second or foreign language. In acquiring the language, speakers of language also acquire the rules of knowledge and choose the speech acts when communicating with others. This study aimed to investigate the act of request strategies and request perspectives produced by the student of The International Institute of Tourism and Business Denpasar. There are fifty students’ involved in the study with intermediate level in their English proficiency. The data is collected with a written Discourse Completion Test (DCT) which has ten request situations. Soshana Blum Kulka and Olshtain’s (1984) theory is used to categorize the speech acts produce in analyzing data. The result of the project showed that most of the students use internal modification and the number of students external modification in their speech acts.

The Effect of Language Learning Experience on the Appropriate Use of Speech Act ‘Request’

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1060
Author(s):  
Zahra Bazyar ◽  
Ali Taghinezhad ◽  
Marziyeh Nekouizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
University Students ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Pragmatic Competence ◽  
Appropriate Use

Nowadays emphasizing linguistic competence is not a sufficient path to reach a target-like communicative competence. Pragmatic competence should be put emphasis on as well. The importance of learning speech acts which is one aspect in the pragmatics is clear to those who want to learn a second or foreign language. This study after investigating the interest of language learners in the acquisition of appropriate use of second language speech acts, traces the variation over time in the use of speech act of request in Iranian EFL University students and for further clarification a group of non-language University students. The results showed no effect of time on the appropriate use of speech act “request”.

scholarly journals Using the First Language (L1) as a Resource in EFL Classrooms: Nepalese University Teachers’ and Students’ Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 26-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod Kumar Sah
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
First Language ◽  
Mixed Method Study ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Classroom Speech ◽  
Teachers And Students

While challenging the widely held belief that students in English as a foreign language (EFL) classroom prefer their teachers not use the first language (L1), the study examined attitudes of university teachers and students towards using L1 and reasons for giving up on English and reverting to Nepali in English-medium lessons. Drawing on a mixed-method study that used survey questionnaire (N= 50) and interviews (N=15), the researcher identified a number of classroom speech acts that are performed by teachers’ and students’ in their L1. The findings revealed that both teachers and students had a positive attitude towards using L1; however, they held the belief that the overuse of L1 may impede language learning. Although the teachers seemed to discourage the use of Nepali (L1) in lessons aimed at developing learners’ communicative competence, they used Nepali to help learners comprehend complex concepts of grammar and lexis. Although the excessive use of Nepali was seemingly associated with teachers’ lack of communicative competence and creativity in delivering EFL lessons, students preferred their teachers to use the L1.Journal of NELTA ,  Vol. 22, No. 1-2, 2017 December

scholarly journals РАЗВИТИЕ ИНОЯЗЫЧНОЙ КОММУНИКАТИВНОЙ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ У СТУДЕНТОВ НЕЯЗЫКОВЫХ НАПРАВЛЕНИЙ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ АССОЦИАТИВНО-ПРОЕКТНОГО МЕТОДА

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Kukarskaya ◽  
Vera Pakhomova ◽  
Irina Trifonova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Foreign Language Teaching ◽  
Project Method ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
English Classes ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
Final Questionnaire ◽  
Three Stages

Обозначена основополагающая тенденция в обучении иностранному языку – коммуникативная. Ставится проблема поиска эффективных методов обучения студентов неязыковых специальностей навыкам говорения на иностранном языке. В качестве решения поставленной задачи предлагается рассмотреть целесообразность применения ассоциативно-проектного метода на занятиях по английскому языку у студентов неязыковых специальностей. Исследование проводилось в три этапа. Первый этап предполагал опрос студентов неязыковых специальностей об основных трудностях при говорении на английском языке. В опросе приняли участие 97 студентов Тюменского государственного университета. Второй этап базировался на проведении экспериментальной серии занятий с применением ассоциативно-проектного метода. На данном этапе было задействовано 44 студента трех групп с языковыми уровнями Elementary (элементарный), Pre-Intermediate (ниже среднего) и Intermediate Low (средний низкий). На заключительном этапе эти же студенты прошли финальный опрос об эффективности применения данного метода в преодолении основных трудностей при говорении на английском языке. Анкетирование студентов неязыковых специальностей с последующим ранжированием полученных данных позволило на первом этапе исследования установить три основные трудности при говорении. Эти коммуникативные барьеры носят как лингвистический, так и экстралингвистический характер. Применение ассоциативно-проектного метода на занятиях по английскому языку позволило, как показал финальный опрос студентов, в значительной степени преодолеть эти трудности. Ассоциативно-проектный метод представляет собой сочетание двух достаточно новых и актуальных методов (ассоциативного и проектного), применяемых в обучении иностранному языку. Он удовлетворяет современным требованиям образования, способствует формированию ключевых компонентов коммуникативной компетенции (языкового, речевого, социолингвистического и социокультурного) и позволяет справиться с основными барьерами при говорении на иностранном языке.The present article outlines the fundamental tendency in foreign language teaching – a communicative one. Effective teaching methods are necessary to make non-linguistic students sound naturally and confidently. The specific objective of this study is to identify and overcome the main barriers in speaking English using a method that develops foreign communicative competence. The association-project method is considered to become a possible solution of the problem. The study is carried out in three stages. The first stage involves a questionnaire of non-linguistic students about the main difficulties in speaking English. Ninety seven students of University of Tyumen took part in this survey. On the second stage we give English lessons using the association-project method in three nonlinguistic groups. Forty four students with Elementary, Pre-Intermediate and Intermediate Low English Levels were involved. And finally these students take a questionnaire about the effectiveness of the association-project method in overcoming the main difficulties in speaking English. At first questioning of non-linguistic students and following ranking of the obtained data made it possible to identify three main difficulties in speaking English. These communicative barriers are both linguistic and extralinguistic in nature. The use of the association-project method in English classes allowed to overcome these difficulties significantly. The final questionnaire of non-linguistic students proves this fact. The association-project method is a combination of two fairly new and relevant methods (association and project methods) used in foreign language teaching. It meets modern educational requirements, develops the key components of foreign communicative competence (linguistic, discursive, sociolinguistic and sociocultural) and helps to cope with the main barriers in speaking a foreign language.

scholarly journals Traditional and digital techniques for working with lexical material in english lessons

2021 ◽  
pp. e021060
Author(s):  
Rozaliya M. Shakirzyanova ◽  
Gulnara F. Gali ◽  
Leona L. Grigorieva ◽  
Alsu S. Khakimzyanova ◽  
Roza R. Zakirova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
First Year ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Intermediate Students ◽  
English Classes ◽  
Digital Methods ◽  
Globalized World

The relevance of this study is due to the fact that the lexical skill is an integral part of all types of speech activity, the formation, improvement and development of which is the main task of teaching a foreign language, namely English. The authors focus on the need for good knowledge of vocabulary for the successful development of communicative competence of students in a globalized world. The purpose of this study is to examine the process of forming language competence when teaching a foreign language and to reveal what techniques are better suited for the pre-intermediate and intermediate students based on the research conducted among the students of the first year at Kazan Federal University. Based on the analysis of effective methods for introducing vocabulary in English classes, the authors identified 10 strategies for effective vocabulary learning and compared traditional and digital methods of its introduction and practice. The authors of this article pay special attention to the experience of activating learning new vocabulary in English classes. Examples of lexical exercises that are typical for each stage of working with the vocabulary are suggested. Conclusions based on the survey of 213 students are drawn.

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