scholarly journals Application of technical vision systems for diagnosing the quality of cattle feed

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-776
Author(s):  
V. V. Kirsanov ◽  
D. Yu. Pavkin ◽  
E. A. Nikitin ◽  
I. A. Kiryushin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Light Flux ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Feed Mixture ◽  
Vision Systems ◽  
Cattle Feed ◽  
Technical Vision

Russian and foreign literature on the development of diagnostic systems and scanning of objects using a vision system with deep machine learning programs has been analyzed during the study. The features of the technological process of feeding cattle have been studied. A system of non-contact assessment of the dry matter content/humidity of the components of the feed mixture of natural cultivation on the example of a corn silo using technical vision systems was proposed. A database of images of corn silage was collected and the dependences on the intensity of the reflecting light flux of the silage were revealed taking into account changes in humidity. The research was conducted in 2020 on the basis of the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM (FNAC VIM), using experimental equipment of the Institute of General Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences named after A. M. Prokhorov and FNAC VIM. A stand with a technical vision system has been developed that allows to classify the components of a cattle feed mixture by color characteristics. The obtained dependences of the reflecting intensity of corn silage allow us to assert the prospect of using a vision system for express-evaluation of the quality indicators of feed mixture components. Taking into account the level of robotization of technological processes of feeding cattle, the problem of assessing the quality indicators (in particular, the dry matter/moisture content) of the components of a feed mixture is relevant.

The Effects of Corn Silage Dry Matter Content and Sodium Bicarbonate Addition on Nutrient Digestion and Growth by Lambs and Calves

1986 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1728-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Worley ◽  
J. A. Paterson ◽  
K. P. Coffey ◽  
D. K. Bowman ◽  
J. E. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Digestion ◽  
Bicarbonate Addition

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF THE QUALITATIVE COMPOSITION OF MILK OF COWS OF UKRAINIAN BROWN DAIRY BREED

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Y. I. Sklyarenko ◽  
T. O. Chernyavska ◽  
L. V. Bondarchuk
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Dairy Breed

The aim of the research – is to study the qualitative composition of milk of cows of Ukrainian brown dairy breed in terms of households and in the context of genealogical descent. Method. Research conducted under the conditions of the State Enterprise "Pilot Farm of the Institute of Agriculture of Northern East of NAAS» in Sumy region, Enterprize of Additional Liability “Mayak” in Trostyanetc region, State Enterprise "Pilot Farm Agricultural Firm “Nadiya” of the Institute of Agriculture of Northern East of NAAS» in Romny region. Milk production was assessed by monthly milking control with sampling of milk. Quality indicators measured in the laboratory of the former Sumy State Breeding Center on the equipment of Bentley. We investigated the percentage of fat, percentage of protein, including casein, percentage of dry matter, skimmed residue, contents of somatic cells. Biometric processing of results was carried out by the conventional method (Plohynskoho M.O., 1969), using software Statistica 6.0. The results of the research. Studies have been conducted on the content of fat, protein, casein, lactose and somatic cell count in cow milk. Established difference of qualitative composition of milk of cows depending on the households and on the genealogical origin of the animals. Analysis of our studies indicate that the level of quality indicators of milk production of animals of Ukrainian brown dairy breeds in different farms is significantly different. All the main indicators of quality prevailed in animals of Enterprize of Additional Liability “Mayak”. For the fat content of milk cows of Distinkshna line 159523 were dominated. They though not significantly, but dominated the animals of Eleganta 148551 and Laddi 125640 lines for 0.16% and 0.19% respectively. The substantial significant difference of the content of lactose in the milk of cows of different lines is not set. Animals of Distinkshna line 159523 significantly superior cows of Eleganta 148551 and Laddi 125640 lines for the protein, for 0,24% (P < 0,05) and 0,32% (P < 0,05) respectively. For the casein content they were significantly superior then Laddi 125640 line cows – on 0,24% (P < 0,05). For the dry matter content and skimmed milk residue animals of Distinkshna line 159523 also have the advantage. Conclusions. As a result of studies found that the level of quality indicators of milk production in animals of Ukrainian brown dairy breed in different farms is significantly different. So fat content in milk varies 3,43–3,98%; protein content – 3,10–3,55%; casein content – 2,83–3,31%; dry matter content – 12,4–13,1%, fat-free dry milk residue – 8,95–9,13%. The dependence of milk quality indicators based on linear descent. For the main indices are preferred animals of Distinkshna line 159523.

scholarly journals Yield and nutritive value of mechanically processed corn silage from an integrated crop-livestock system

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 845-860
Author(s):  
Maria Helena de Oliveira ◽  
◽  
Ciniro Costa ◽  
Cristiano Magalhães Pariz ◽  
Paulo Roberto de Lima Meirelles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Livestock System

The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield and nutritional value of silage made from corn intercropped with marandu palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) in an integrated crop-livestock system. The corn was harvested at different maturity stages and cutting heights and was processed or not before ensiling. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications in a 2x2x2+1 factorial scheme. The treatments were composed of silage corn intercropped with marandu palisadegrass harvested at two cutting heights (20 or 45 cm) and two stages of maturity (1/4 of the kernel milk line or kernel physiological maturity) and subjected to two methods of processing (crushing or not crushing). A control treatment composed of conventionally grown corn silage was also included. The total dry matter yields of both crops did not differ significantly among treatments, demonstrating the viability of the intercropping system for both forage species. Although the dry matter content of the corn plants was higher at the time of ensiling, the fermentative and nutritive quality of the silages was not affected. Increasing the cutting height increased the grain content of the forage mass and also avoided harming the development of the intercropped grass. The silages from the physiological maturity treatment and from the processed treatment had the best quality.

Technical Vision Model of the Visual Systems for Industry Application

2021 ◽  
pp. 288-310
Author(s):  
Oleg Sytnik ◽  
Vladimir Kartashov
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Visual System ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Human Visual System ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Vision Systems ◽  
Industrial Systems ◽  
Visual Systems ◽  
Technical Vision

The problems of highlighting the main informational aspects of images and creating their adequate models are discussed in the chapter. Vision systems can receive information about an object in different frequency ranges and in a form that is not accessible to the human visual system. Vision systems distort the information contained in the image. Therefore, to create effective image processing and transmission systems, it is necessary to formulate mathematical models of signals and interference. The chapter discusses the features of perception by the human visual system and the issues of harmonizing the technical characteristics of industrial systems for receiving and transmitting images. Methods and algorithms of pattern recognition are discussed. The problem of conjugation of the characteristics of the technical vision system with the consumer of information is considered.

scholarly journals Development of mounted system for controlling row crop cultivator in automatic mode

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-242
Author(s):  
V. V. Azarenko ◽  
D. I. Komlach ◽  
V. V. Goldyban ◽  
I. A. Baranovsky ◽  
G. A. Prokopovich
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Regular Structure ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Vision Systems ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Technical Vision ◽  
Control Automation

Weed control automation appears to be a very promising technology based on the tremendous advances in computer processing, machine vision and robotics. Machine vision systems are based on size differences between crops and weeds and or on the regular structure of crop rows, allowing the system to recognize crop plants and control surrounding weeds. The paper provides description of the mounted system for orienting the row cultivator in rows and its displacement relative to the tractor using vision systems and automatic control. The developed technical vision system is capable of clearly identifying sugar beet leaves based on the deep learning artificial neural networks technology, and a specially developed algorithm for identifying the center of the row spacing to control the moving part of the cultivator in the required direction to level the inaccuracy of the tractor. The use of controlled mounted device with a tractor and an implement based on vision systems, the accuracy of technological operations for the row crops care, will increase the technical level of the machine and tractor unit, and reduce labor costs. Technical vision systems and automatic control of the cultivator will improve the quality of inter-row cultivation of row crops and reduce the pesticide load on the environment. The results of these studies can be used to create machines for cultivation of agricultural crops with an automated control system.

scholarly journals 6 Feed intake variability and performance implications of adjusting for dry matter content of cattle feedlot feed ingredients exposed to the elements

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 126-127
Author(s):  
Allison VanDerWal ◽  
Alfredo DiCostanzo
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dietary Composition ◽  
Residual Variance ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Target Composition ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
Air Dryer

Abstract Objectives of this study were: 1) validate on-farm dry matter (DM) testing methods, and 2) determine how as-fed dietary composition adjustment to respond to DM content changes affected performance. One-hundred fifty-one crossbred steers (n = 85; 404 kg initial BW) and heifers (n = 66; 384 kg initial BW) were allocated randomly (4 to 6 hd/pen), within truck load and sex, to one of two 15-pen rows in a deep-bedded confinement barn. Treatments included control (n = 15 pens), where diets were only modified to account for changes in ingredient DM every 28 d or adjusted (ADJ; n = 15 pens), in which diets were modified daily to account for changes in ingredient DM. Target composition of diets was (DM basis) hay (3.73%), corn silage (CS; 8.28%), high moisture corn (HMC; 50.86%), dry distillers grains with solubles (DDGS; 11.83%), dry rolled corn (DRC; 20.07%), and a liquid supplement (5.23%). Cattle were fed for 84 d. Dry matter content of hay was determined daily using a microwave oven and that of CS and HMC were determined using a forced-air dryer every other day upon removal from bunker silos; these methods were validated against DM determination using a forced-air oven set at 105 °C. Hay or corn silage DM measured indirectly was similar (P &gt; 0.10) to that measured using a forced-air oven at 105 °C. Adjusting as-fed dietary composition daily to compensate for changes in ingredient DM had no effect on DMI, ADG, feed conversion or final BW. Within-pen feed delivery residual variance tended to be greater (P = 0.06) for pens managed under ADJ. Within-pen and between-treatment residual DMI variance was not different (P &gt; 0.10). Under the conditions of this study, exposure to the elements did not precipitate in large changes in diet DM composition or content. This resulted in similar performance response whether dietary as-fed composition was adjusted or not.

scholarly journals TECHNICAL VISION SYSTEM WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR CAPTURING CYLINDRICAL OBJECTS BY ROBOT

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
S. HORIASHCHENKO ◽  
◽  
K. HORIASHCHENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Robot Manipulator ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Contour Detection ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Intelligence Analysis ◽  
Vision Systems ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Cylindrical Object ◽  
Technical Vision

The article presents a variant of working with a system of technical vision, which recognizes cylindrical objects. This vision system based on artificial intelligence, which allows you to determine the circles in the image. The coordinates of the value of the circle are necessary for the exact positioning of the robot manipulator. The calculation of the gradient and threshold separation determine the gaps in the intensity of the image of the object. These methods define pixels lying on the border between the object and the background. The further process consists in connection of the segments of a contour separated by small intervals, and in association of separate short segments. Thus, contour detection algorithms accompanies by procedures for constructing object boundaries from the corresponding pixel sequences. The resulting image has sufficient information for artificial intelligence analysis to detect the circle. The software is developed and experimentally tested in operation. The operation of the technical vision system experimentally tested in the work, namely the capture of a cylindrical object. Work vision systems has been experimentally proven to work and is passionate cylindrical object. The coordinates of the value of the circle, which are necessary for the exact location of the robot manipulator were determined by artificial intelligence in 41 milliseconds. The obtained coordinates were transmitted to the microprocessor to adjust the position of the manipulator. The robot accurately captured a cylindrical object.

scholarly journals Farklı Oranlardaki Zeytin Posası-Mısır Hasılı Karışımlarının Silaj Kalitesinin Belirlenmesi

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1201
Author(s):  
Asuman Arslan Duru ◽  
Şerafettin Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Olive Pomace

In this study, corn silage with different ratios of by adding olive pomace olive industry by-product under laboratory conditions was aimed to determine the effects on nutrient contents, fermentation characteristics and in vitro digestibility. Olive pomace used in the research, was added in 0% (control), 20 and 40 levels in corn silage and ensiling period continued during 56 days. At the end of the ensiling period, differences seen in terms of dry matter content, organic matter, crude fat, acit detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin, in each level consisting of corn silage is added to olive pomace were found significant but the crude protein content of the olive pomace-added silages decreased. The highest crude fiber value was determined in the silages added with 40% olive pomace. Crude ash, lactic acid, acetic acid, pH and CO2 differences seen in terms of rates were not found significant. Propoionic acid wasn’t found in the groups to which olive pomace was added, while butyric acid and ammonia nitrogen weren’t observed in all silage groups in the study. At the same time, in vitro organic matter, dry matter and neutral detergent fiber digestibility of silages increased in each level consisting of corn silage is added to olive pomace. As a result, it was considered result that olive pomace the oil industry by product can be a silo feed quality. In particular, the corns by adding 40% of the olive pomace made silage were obtained satisfactory results in terms of both physical and chemical properties.

scholarly journals Silage production and the chemical composition of corn and Grass-tanzania intercropping

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1607
Author(s):  
Fabiana Luiza Matielo de Paula ◽  
Luis Fernando Glasenapp de Menezes ◽  
Wagner Paris ◽  
Ricardo Ronsani ◽  
Sarah Maria Hoppen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Silage Production ◽  
Recovery Indices

The objective of this study was to evaluate the production and chemical composition of silages of grass Tanzania and corn, grown single or intercropping. The experiment was conducted at UTFPR Câmpus Dois Vizinhos in the period between October 2011 and July 2012, a 600 m² area. The treatments were: TMI - single corn, TMT - corn and grass Tanzania consortium at the time of sowing, TT - Tanzania grass single, TT32 - grass Tanzania silage to 32% dry matter (content similar to that of corn). The experimental design a randomized block design with four treatments and five replications. Agronomic evaluations were performed 120 days after planting, as follows: number of linear-1 plants metro, plant height and ear insertion and number of ears.plants-1. In the grass we evaluated canopy height, where it was held the botanical separation in green leaves, dried and stem. Silage started being held in 100 mm PVC pipe (mini-silos) kept sealed for 60 days. At the time of opening of the silo were determined the following parameters: DM, pH, total loss of DM (PDM), specifies mass (SM), dry matter recovery indices (IRDM), losses gas (LG), and size particle. Chemical analysis of the results of OM, MM, ADF were higher for TMI treatments, TT and TT, respectively. CP and LIG had superior results for the treatments containing grass. Corn intercropping with grass Tanzania silage provides more crude protein and lignin compared to exclusive corn silage without damaging the crop yield. Silage maiden Tanzania has higher levels of ADF and crude protein as well as increased production of dry matter than corn silage. The grass Tanzania should be harvested with 30% DM as presented better pH values, higher dry matter recovery rate, less loss of gas as well as increased production of dry matter that Tanzania harvested at the same age corn.

scholarly journals Fragment size of corn silage according to the dry matter and forage harvester adjustments

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 764-771
Author(s):  
Pedro H. Weirich Neto ◽  
Paulo W. Garbuio ◽  
Nátali M. de Souza ◽  
Hevandro C. Delalibera ◽  
Khetlen Leitão
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fragment Size ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
The Real ◽  
Average Fragment Size ◽  
Whole Plant

In Brazil, the best results in milk production are found in the state of Paraná. Such results are reached through genetic selection of the animals and management of their diets, in which whole plant corn silage is widely used. Aiming the silage quality, it was evaluated the influence of dry matter content of the corn culture as forage and the harvester adjustments on the fragment size of whole plant corn silage. The fragment size of two corn hybrids silage (SPEED and 2B688) was evaluated using a 5x3 factorial, with 4 repetitions. The first factor was the harvest time of the plants (105, 108, 112, 118, and 123 days after sowing (DAS)), which determines the forage dry matter (DM) content. The second factor was the harvester adjustments (2, 6.5 and 11mm of theoretical fragment length (TFL)). The DM content did not affect the average fragment size of 2B688. For SPEED, however, the real fragment size decreased as the maturation of plants increased. The conclusion is that the DM content and harvester adjustments can affect the real fragment sizes, according to different plant genotypes. The alterations of the harvester adjustments resulted in different fragment sizes, however, it were different from those indicated by the manufacturer.

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