scholarly journals RAINWATER MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS IN CITIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE CASE OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF ZIGUINCHOR, SENEGAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-79
Author(s):  
Cheikh FAYE ◽  
◽  
Bouly SANÉ ◽  
Eddy Nilsone GOMIS ◽  
Sécou Omar DIÉDHIOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
The Face ◽  
Rainwater Management ◽  
The City

Senegalese cities are experiencing very rapid growth in terms of both spatial and demographic development, which has an impact on the management of runoff water, which is increasingly a major concern of authorities and urban populations. In these cities, public sanitation infrastructure is insufficient and unevenly distributed in urban space. The objective of this study is to characterize the problem of rainwater management in the city of Ziguinchor (southern Senegal). The methodology is based on an administration, a questionnaire submitted to 288 heads of households, and an interview guide with 13 actors who stand out in the environmental management component at the local level. The results obtained attest to a real problem of sanitation of rainwater managed in precarious conditions due to the lack of infrastructure and water management methods used by households. The infrastructural problem is a factor in the poor management of rainwater in Ziguinchor, while rainwater drainage practices do not protect the living environment of the populations. In the city of Ziguinchor, the main strategies adopted in the face of the sanitation network deficit are based on backfilling, the laying of sandbags and stones, evacuation through buckets.

scholarly journals Urban, industrial and technological risks. Synthesis of the elements of vulnerability of the city of Hassi-Messaoud

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lahcene Bouzouaid ◽  
Moussadek Benabbas
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
The City

Abstract Today, Algeria is one of the developing countries that are engaging seriously into a new approach consisting of all kinds of combined risk assessments for better prevention them. Note that, this is a fairly important parameter, that is, the safety of people and property. However, the magnitude of the risk, of whatever nature, affects a variety of diversified aspects (Human, economic, technical and environmental). This study presented a case study, which is sometimes paradoxical, seeing that it is the result of the combination of all risk factors and specific factors related to them connected to a fragile urban environment: Hassi-Messaoud. It is well known that Hassi-Messaoud is one of the most important city for Algeria's economy; in which the demographic development is mainly known by incessant flows of immigrants, motivated essentially by job search. This arbitrary of population distribution exposes this city to a certain danger; especially as Hassi-Messaoud is in a zone subject to a probable risk expressed here by being characteristic of an oil zone. Thus, this article aimed to provide elements of risk assessment related to oil activity. This approach could conclude that, through a schematic scale, the different types and levels of exposure and vulnerability could be identified, that is, characteristics of the urban space in question.

scholarly journals Contestations for urban space: informality and institutions of disenfranchisement in Zimbabwe—the case of Masvingo City

GeoJournal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 1277-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chigwenya Average
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Global South ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
The People ◽  
The Face ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
The City

Abstract Informality has been viewed as the seedbed for economic development especially in the cities of the global South and many cities have been trying to integrate this sector for economic development. The sector has been seen as the option for economic development in cities of the global South in the face of dwindling resources for economic development. However, the development and growth of informal activities in some of these cities have been stunted by institutional reforms that have taken so long to accommodate such activities. Most of the cities have acknowledged the need to integrate informality in their economies but they have remained illusioned by the neo-liberal urbanisation policies that have kept the informal activities on the periphery of the development agenda. As a result the role of informal sector in economic development in cities of the global South has not been fully realised. The study was taken to examine the institutional impediments in the growth of informal activities in the city of Masvingo, to see how the laws and policies of the city have been applied for the integration of informal sector in the main stream economy. The research found out that there are institutionalised systems that disenfranchise the informal sector in the city of Masvingo. These institutions include the planning approach and the way the city has been practicing their planning. These two institutions have been the chief disenfranchising instruments that have denied the people in the informal sector their right to the city. The research utilised a mixed methods approach to the inquiry, where both qualitative and quantitative data were used. The research found that there is space for informal integration in the city of Masvingo, but the existing regulatory framework is stifling the growth and development of the informal sector in the city of Masvingo. There is therefore need for the city to be flexible enough to embrace the realities of the city, because informality is really the new form of urbanisation in cities of the global South.

scholarly journals How the City of Utrecht develops a Health and Equity in all Policies approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Weber
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
The City

Abstract Public health policy, spatial and environmental policies are within the Dutch municipalities’ competencies. In 2021 a new act will be implemented, in which todays’ more sectoral acts and decrees will be integrated into the so-called (Healthy) Living environment act. This will require more integrated, inter-sectoral and multi-level governance approaches. And new topics and societal challenges, such as health, sustainability and resilience, are introduced within the physical planning domains. Dutch reviews learn that public health and social domains are collaborating quite well at the local level. The cooperation and integration of health, environmental and spatial planning, on the other hand, often is less or even absent. In Utrecht, though, the latter inter-sectoral approach is strong; health in all policies has been the ‘mantra’ since several years. Supported and institutionalized through strong political leadership, and inter-disciplinary teams at neighbourhood and city level, for policy development and implementation in line with the city’s ambitions of Healthy Urban Living for Everybody. Utrecht is the healthiest and fastest growing city in the Netherlands, and aims to use its growth (in population, jobs, houses, etc.) to address health inequalities. The city is linking spatial challenges with social challenges, building and improving houses and residential areas for all citizens. A new initiative, called social renovations, will be explored and reviewed within the JAHEE process. This initiative addresses many of the relevant topics, such as healthy living environment planning, stakeholder involvement and specifically reaching ‘hard to reach groups’, and improving housing and public space conditions and subsequently health and well-being of vulnerable groups.

scholarly journals Revitalization Processes of Changing Geospatial in European Cities

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Control Center ◽  
European Cities ◽  
The City

Purpose. Brief retrospective analysis of the geographical component of revitalization in European cities, study of the generalized and indirect effect of the revitalization phenomenon on the geospace of urban urban systems. Results. The results of the study of revitalization processes in European cities are presented. European cities are characterized by uneven development, concentration of potential in the capital and some regional centers, as well as the increase of crisis phenomena in the periphery. We are talking about depressed territories, settlements, post-industrial cities or parts of them. That is why we consider it necessary to speak not only about the restoration of potential and improvement of socio-economic indicators in cities, but also about the large-scale implementation of urban space revitalization programs. Approaches to revitalization processes are ideally designed as processes for empowering unused urban space. At the same time, they should be aimed at ensuring the effective use of public and private financed bonds and project funds for projects from the Civic Control Center. The main requirement of the community is to begin the process of updating and involving the administration in these projects. The first round of negotiations between the authorities and society prompted the city to come up with a coherent approach aimed at the target group and at the same time agree on the financial budget and future beneficiaries. In addition to those responsible for urban planning, special roles are assigned to local departments of schools, youth, senior citizens and business development (business, marketing and investor talks). It is these areas of human and financial capital that should be responsible for urban marketing and tourism. The involvement of a restructuring trustee in project planning and development is required. Conclusion. Taking into account the geographical component (in particular the topography, vegetation, green areas), as a result of the revitalization helps to improve the quality of living environment and affects the peculiarities of the geospatial of the city. An important component of the success of a revitalization program must be public participation in discussing and solving problems to ensure sustainable urban development. Studying the experience of European cities in the area of ​​revitalization will give a new impetus to many Ukrainian cities trying to overcome the problems of deprived urban areas, including the historic central districts and mediocrity.

scholarly journals Architectural objects as elements of the social space of the city in the subject field of social sciences

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Н. К. Міхно
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Symbolic Interaction ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City

The study tested that cities are studied from different perspectives: from city-to-city links, structural elements of urban space to everyday practices of cities. Among the representatives of the scientific field, which made a significant contribution to the development of the theory of urban research is to highlight J. Bodriyar, P. Bourdieu, D. Becker, D. Jacobs, C. Lynch, A. Lefevra, M. Castells, D. Garvey, A. Scott, R. Pal, J. Fischer, H. Delitz and others. Moreover interesting and thorough are the scientific works of Ukrainian researchers – V. Sereda, M. Sobolevskaya, L. Males, Y. Soroka, D. Sudin, A. Petrenko-Lisak, A. Mikheeva, L. Nagorna, O. Musiyuzdov and a number of others. In this case, the methodological position of the researchers is relevant, which states that the symbolic space of the city is formed through the ability of visual objects to translate cultural and symbolic codes with the help of geometric, semantic and aesthetic characteristics. For example, in this work, one of the key terms is «architectural landscapes» with which it is possible to analyze the combination of spatial forms in the city with meaningful cultural and ideological content. It was recorded that the signs or symbolic markers can serve as architectural buildings, monuments, memorable signs, street names, informational and promotional posters, and so on. The main objects of research in the sociology of the study of architectural forms gradually became the phenomenon of buildings and structures, as well as the development of theoretical directions in architecture, the study of the place and role of space in sociology and cultural studies. As a result in the methodological space, along with the phenomenological, anthropological, and linguistic turns, the term «architectural turn» appears. From the point of view of the system theory, architecture is not seen as the main subject of research, namely communication on architecture. Accordingly, institutional theory in sociology considers architecture as an «institutional mechanism» that firmly asks individuals a certain social order and allows for the implementation of architectural ideas. On the other hand, at the same time, open questions remain regarding the meaningful content of the meanings contained in the objects of architecture. The postmodern direction, which reveals other aspects of the study of architectural forms, deserves special attention. Discreteness Architectural of social life, «decentralization of the subject», the decomposition of reality into actual and virtual, freedom and spontaneity as characteristics of the postmodern era are reflected and read in the architecture of postmodern. The architectural space of the city is considered by a number of domestic and foreign researchers in the context of symbolic interaction between power structures and actors through architectural constructions and design of a living environment.

The Exploring for the Concept of History and Culture on City Square Design - Exampled by Lanzhou City

2011 ◽  
Vol 99-100 ◽  
pp. 1297-1301
Author(s):  
Xiang Wu Meng ◽  
Ming Hui Ye ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Qi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Urban Culture ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Lanzhou City ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The City

For thousands of years, Lanzhou city has long history and bright culture, and has numerous historic buildings and cultural relics. But with the rapid development of the city, many cultural heritages had been destroyed. The cities appearance are becoming more and more similar, urban culture roots has not clear, the city began to become unfamiliar. The reason is the local residents have a lack of cultural identity to living environment. City square, as a major public urban space. By a sense of spiritual civilization, it should be a window of the city and essential building space to daily life of local residents; it also bears an important responsibility which is heritage city in cultural context. Based on the Yellow River in Lanzhou City, and the study of the new square design concept, analyzed and summarized, presented the concept of square design to create a historical and cultural context of urban culture, the importance of heritage and modern artistic expression should be united with urban history and culture diversity, to make people re-establish the cultural identity for the city to gain ownership in their spirit.

Happy town: Cultural governance and biopolitical urbanism in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Oakes
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
State Power ◽  
Sovereign Power ◽  
Neoliberal Governmentality ◽  
China Today ◽  
The City ◽  
Deliberate Effort

This paper explores the cultural inscription of urban space in China as a technology of government. Based on a three years of fieldwork, including interviews, surveys, and participant observation, the paper examines the case of one city’s campaign to increase its “happiness index” by creating an ethnic culturally themed built environment. The paper examines the city’s happiness campaign as a project of biopolitical urbanism, and finds that while urban Chinese governmentality bears some striking resemblances to liberal approaches that view the city as a machine for experimenting with, and producing, certain kinds of (governable) citizens and social relations, the happiness campaign should also be understood as a deliberate effort to reinforce state power at the local level. The happiness campaign, in other words, aims to reproduce a sovereign mode of state power even as it speaks a language of neoliberal governmentality. Thus, the colonization of culture by biopolitical urbanism in China today suggests a complex combination of disciplinary and discursive modalities of sovereign power rooted in the paternalistic legacies of Chinese statecraft.

scholarly journals Consecuencias socioespaciales de la transformación urbana : un ejemplo en el estudio de Fuenlabrada, municipio metropolitano madrileño

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Murillo Castillejo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
The City

Hacemos en este artículo una breve caracterización del espacio urbano de Fuenlabrada, municipio de la zona sur del Área Metropolitana de Madrid. Analizamos el crecimiento demográfico y residencial, así como las consecuencias sociales y espaciales que de éste se derivan a la luz del estudio del planeamiento urbanístico vigente en el municipio.The aim of this paper is to show a short profile about urban space in Fuenlabrada, satellite town iocated in the Southern Metropolitan Área of Madrid. We study the diferents questions about demographic development and the modifications in the urban landscape. This process and the effects have remarkable repercusions in the most recent urban planning of the City.

scholarly journals Koncepcja smart city a COVID-19. Wykorzystanie nowych mediów w obliczu pandemii

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2 (11)) ◽  
pp. 75-95
Author(s):  
Jacek Mikucki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Face ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The City

This article aims at examining the use of the potential of media in the urban space in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic on the example of the largest city in Poland – Warsaw. The author analyses the so-called new media, which were created on the basis of information and communication technologies, paying attention to both the channel (soft infrastructure) and the medium (hard infrastructure). The main research method is the case study of the mentioned city, which allows identifying good and bad practices in the use of new media in the city and the strategic objectives of the analysed cities. The study is based on the analysis of literature, strategic documents, brochures and websites. The research hypothesis is that the city authorities of Warsaw, adapting the smart city strategy during the pandemic, develops a communication system based on the Internet platform. The research results show that the municipal authorities in Warsaw are implementing the smart city concept by using new forms of media and technology as both targets and tools for its implementation. During the pandemic, the city’s various digital media were developed with content dedicated to COVID-19, and activities dedicated to informing and communicating with residents are undertaken through Warszawa 19115 platform.

scholarly journals GORDS AND CITIES IN POLAND IN THE 13th CENTURY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE THEN SETTLEMENT CHANGES

2018 ◽  
pp. 21-33
Author(s):  
Marcin Danielewski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Face ◽  
Settlement Changes ◽  
The City ◽  
Written Sources

The presented article revolves around an important academic issue pertaining to the spatial and chronological relations in the gords and towns of the 13th century, operating in Poland in the then Piast duchies. In the face of scarce written sources little is known about many 13th century cities, the space they occupied and the development within the city walls. To date, the issues have also been neglected by archaeologists, narrowed down to works accompanying renovations or construction investments. Archaeological research, carried out selectively and randomly, does not contribute to a better understanding of the specific 13thcentury cities. Some of the smaller cities are very poorly researched which also precludes any conclusions on urban space. Therefore, the issue of chronological and spatial relations between gords and cities has not been thoroughly surveyed and it may remain so for a long time. As part of the considerations, selected examples of gords and towns have been presented from the specific historical countries (Geater Poland, Kuyavia, the Gdansk Pomerania,Masovia, Central Poland, Lesser Poland and Silesia) to illustrate the issues in question. At the same time, attempts have been made to refer these examples to models or spatial relations including towns and older settlement as presented by Marian Rębkowski. These considerations lead to a conclusion that the gords and towns in the 13th century often operated next to each other, fulfilling different functions, at the same time complementing each other. In the future, this issue necessitates further detailed research into specific areas like fragmented principalities or the settlement-related activities on the part of the specific princes.      

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