The Implementation Of Islamic Law At The Early Spread Of Islam In Indonesian Archipelago

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Kasman Bakry ◽  
Edi Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
First Century ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Human Dimension ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Two Sides

The study on the gradualityprinciple (tadarruj) of Islamic law in the context of Islamic law legislation in Indonesia has broad issues. The process of Islamization in the archipelago has been taking place gradually, since the advent of Islam in the 7th century AD or the first century of the emergence of Islam in Arab. The legislation efforts of Islamic law in the context of the legal system of a country always raises two sides, they are universal and the particular. Universality and particularity of the Islamic laware motivated by two dimensions, ie the dimensions of divinity (ilāhiyyah) and the human dimension (insāniyyah). This paper is a qualitative research that focuses on discussing regarding the implementation of Islamic law at the early spread of Islamin the Indonesianarchipelago, with the historically normative approach. The conclusion is the graduality principle has been applied in the legislative process in the Islamic law in Indonesia,but it has no formal legal basis in the form of laws regulating the formation of a national law, although it has been implemented in the legislation process of Islamic law. Keywords: Islamic law; Graduality; legislation; Indonesian Archipelago

PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM ISLAM DI MESIR DAN SUDAN: STUDI KOMPARASI

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Asrizal Saiin ◽  
Hasbi Umar ◽  
Hermanto Harun
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Western Imperialism ◽  
Secondary Data Source ◽  
Data Source

This paper discusses how the renewal of Islamic law occurred in Egypt and Sudan. This study uses a qualitative research method with a normative approach. The data source used in this study is a secondary data source, because it only examines the literature or literature. From the results of this study, it can be understood that the role of the countries of Egypt and Sudan in fighting for qanunization (taqnin) and the formalization of Islamic law is very large. Even though they have to go through the challenges of Western imperialism and secularism, so that Islamic societies and countries have variations in responding to Western civilization today. The renewal of Islamic law in Egypt and Sudan occurred because of the struggle of Muslims in Egypt and Sudan with the rulers of the Islamic world, between secularism and Islamic law.

scholarly journals Role of Forensic Evidence in Upholding Justice: Exploring Islamic Law and the Experience of Syariah Courts in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Basir Mohamad ◽  
Nurbazla Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Law Of Evidence

In Islamic law of evidence, there are several forms of evidence commonly used by courts to establish facts. In today’s era, a form of evidence called forensic evidence has also emerged. A question then arises, what is the appropriate legal basis for acceptance of this forensic evidence in the Islamic law of evidence. This paper focuses on the evolution of the Islamic law of evidence and investigates the position of forensic evidence in Islamic law from sources such as the Quran, the Prophet’s traditions, and the practices of the Companions of the Prophet. In addition, this study also looks at the experience of the Malaysian Syariah Courts in terms of how forensic evidence is dealt with in hearing family law cases. The research design of this study is content analysis. Data were obtained by document analysis, including books, papers, journals, case reports, and other records relating to the role of forensic evidence. The methods used to interpret the data for this qualitative research are analytical and deductive. As a result, it can be said that forensic evidence is not an unfamiliar matter in the Islamic law of evidence. In fact, forensic evidence has been relied on by the Syariah Courts of Malaysia in making several decisions for certain cases in order to ensure that justice is upheld in society.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS AND ESSENCE OF FATWAS ON ISLAMIC ECONOMIC LAW IN INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-174
Author(s):  
Doli Witro ◽  
Atang Abdul Hakim ◽  
Koko Komaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Economic Law ◽  
Political Approach ◽  
Islamic Economic

In Indonesia, one of the institutions authorized to issue fatwas is the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI). MUI is an institution with the role and authority to issue fatwas for Indonesian citizens who are diverse in Islam which are not mentioned in the Al-Quran and Hadith. Although not all groups can accept the fatwa issued by the MUI or there are reaping criticism and controversy by some circles, the influence and role of the MUI fatwa are considerable in maintaining the peace of the Indonesian people. Departing from this, it is essential to see fatwas based on the characteristics and essence of fatwas on Islamic economic law. This paper is conducted in qualitative research. There are several approaches used in this paper, namely, the normative approach, the historical approach, and the political approach. This paper aims to reveal the characteristics and essence of fatwas on sharia economic law in Indonesia. The analysis results show that fatwas as a product of Islamic law are identical to fiqh and have inherent specific characteristization. In essence, a fatwa can become state law if there is recognition through competent state institutions.

scholarly journals Tinjauan Hukum Islam tentang Pembebanan Mut’ah dan Nafkah Iddah terhadap Suami yang Murtad (Studi Kasus Putusan Pengadilan Agama Nganjuk No: 1830/Pdt.G/2016/PA.Ngj)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Rika Fitriani ◽  
Abdul Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Court Decision ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Definition Of

When obligations do not work in a balanced manner in fostering a household, disputes and arguments often occurs which will result in the termination of a marriage.  Divorce can occur by various factors in a marriage.  One of the factors that divorce causesare one among apostate husbands or wives, which if the marriage continues to be maintained will cause loss. As a result of the divorce because the husband has lapsed into marriage, the marriage is immediately finished, and if the marriage is fulfilled, a wife will not get mut'ah and a living from her husband, but it is different from being practiced in a religious court whose husband is burdened with giving mut '  ah and livelihood iddah.  So with the existence of these problems the author will review the judges' considerations in considering their decisions and reviewing Islamic law. This study aims to find out about the definition of Mut'ah, the livelihood of iddah and apostasy, to find out the legal basis used by the judge in deciding cases and what according to the views viewed from Islamic law.To answer these three problems, the researcher used a qualitative approach with field research that collected data directly from the source.  In qualitative research, the researcher is faced directly with the respondent, namely a direct interview by the Judge in the Nganjuk Religious Court.Based on the research, even though the husband apostatized and married the husband was still obliged to give mut'ah and livelihood because even though the apostate's husband would not obstruct the husband's obligation to his wife, and the divorce divorce case was equated with ordinary divorce divorce.  Judges use the basis of article 149, 117, with reasons for divorce article 116 letter (f) and (h) KHI (Compilation of Islamic Law) and the results of RAKERNAS MARI in 2005. and viewed from a review of Islamic law judges use volcanic jurisprudence II if  the termination of marriage because of apostasy does not require a court decision or judge's decision and is immediately canceled and does not see the consequences of the apostasy. 

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI NAFKAH IDDAH PADA PENGADILAN AGAMA WATAMPONE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-74
Author(s):  
Nur Tasdiq
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Religious Courts ◽  
Husband And Wife

Abstract: This research is about the application of iddah income for wives at the Religious Court in Watampone. The main issues regarding the legal status of iddah livelihoods, and how to determine the amount of iddah livelihoods, as well as the efforts of judges in resolving husband's cases refuse to provide iddah livelihoods. This research is a qualitative research with a normative juridical approach and a philosophical approach. The provision of livelihood in the Qur'an and the Compilation of Islamic Law in Indonesia is obligatory to be given to the wife after divorce, requested or not requested in court, as long as the divorce is not due to the wife's nusyuz. But this is not the case with his practice at the Religious Courts in Watampone. Determination of iddah income at the Religious Court in Watampone still prioritizes the agreement between the husband and wife, if an agreement is not found between them, the Panel of Judges will determine the amount by considering the husband's ability and wife's needs. Regarding the case of the husband refusing to provide iddah, the Panel of Judges took several efforts, but the efforts taken did not have a strong legal basis, even some of the efforts taken were not in accordance with the existing procedural law.AbstrakPenelitian ini mengenai penerapan nafkah iddah pada Pengadilan Agama Watampone. Pokok permasalahan tentang status hukum nafkah iddah, dan bagaimana cara penentuan jumlah nafkah iddah, serta upaya hakim dalam menyelesaikan perkara suami menolak memberi nafkah iddah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan pendekatan filosofis.Ketentuan nafkah iddah di dalam  al-Qur’an dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia adalah wajib diberikan kepada isteri yang ditalak raj’i, diminta ataupun tidak diminta dalam persidangan, selama perceraian bukan karena nusyuznya isteri. Namun tidak demikian dengan peraktiknya di Pengadilan Agama Watampone. Penentuan nafkah iddah pada Pengadilan Agama Watampone tetap mengedepankan kesepakatan antara pihak suami dan isteri, apabila tidak didapati kesepakatan antara keduanya, maka Majelis Hakim yang akan menentukan jumlahnya dengan mempertimbangkan kemampuan suami dan kebutuhan isteri. Terkait perkara suami menolak memberi nafkah iddah, Majelis Hakim menempuh beberapa upaya, namun upaya yang ditempuh tidak memiliki dasar hukum yang kuat, bahkan beberapa upaya yang ditempuh tidak sesuai dengan hukum acara yang ada.Keywords: Implementation; Iddah; Living Rights; Religious courts.

scholarly journals Transplantasi Organ Tubuh sebagai Pengganti Hukuman Qhisas dalam Hukum Islam (Studi Terhadap Delik Pelukaan Mata)

SASI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Amin Ramly
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Main Issue ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Eye Opening

This paper deals with the study of Islamic criminal law, which regulates the study of transplants as a substitute for Qhishas punishment, the main issue is to see how the qhisas process of ophthalmic offenses, eye transplantation techniques, and fiqh analysis of eye transplants as a substitute for qhisas punishment. To be able to analyze the problems above, this study uses a type of qualitative research with a normative approach based on the rules of Islamic law (Al-Quran, hadith, and ijtihad), and analyzed by the inductive method according to the Shari'a perspective on the concept of transplantation as qhisas punishment. The results showed that the qhisas for the eye opening offense based on the argument of Al-Maidah verse 45, where the eye must be punished with the eyes, both in terms of the method of wounding practiced must be balanced between the victim and the offender, while the diyat above the eye opening offense is 100 dinars. The eye organ transplant can be done medically by removing the cornea of the eye rather than the eyeball, because the eyeball cannot be transplanted, and the transplant is carried out from the donor to the recipient on all medical requirements by medical means. The analysis of jurisprudence to the concept of eye transplantation as a substitute for the qhishas penalty in sharia is not allowed, because it does not meet the principle of qhishas justice, namely the balance between uqubah with deeds, where the offender is charged with qhishas punishment (medical eye opening) and also charged with diyat punishment (ie costs transplant operations that will be borne by the perpetrator) whose amount can be more than diyat value.

scholarly journals Metode Penetapan Hukum Nikah Misyār Perspektif Yusuf al-Qarḍāwī

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-520
Author(s):  
M. Kasim ◽  
Hijrayanti Sari ◽  
Aisyah S.
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Law

This study aims to determine the law of misyār marriage according to Yusuf al-Qarḍāwī and the things that underlie his opinion regarding the law. This research is a qualitative research with the type of literature study (Library Research), using a historical normative approach. The results achieved from this study are: First, the law of misyār marriage according to Yusuf Al-Qarḍāwī is legal. Second, the legal basis of Yusuf Al-Qarḍāwī in determining the law of permissibility is the Qur'an, hadith, and ijma' using the ijtihad insya'i method.

Titik Singgung Hukum Islam dengan Hukum Adat pada Naskah Perundang-Undangan Kerajaan Islam di Nusantara

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-306
Author(s):  
Anis Masykhur
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago

The study of the intersection of Islamic law with customary law in the legislation texts of the Islamic kingdoms in the Indonesian Archipelago is intended to describe the flexibility of Islamic law when it meets customary law, and vice versa. This research is a comparative study between the laws that were made into the sultanate law in the archipelago in the 16-18 century AD. The nature of Islamic law is believed to have the ability to adapt (legal adaptability) with other laws. One theory that can strengthen this statement is the existence of one of the five major principles in the science of Usul al-Fiqh, namely "al-ʻadāh al-muhakamah" which means that customs can be used as a legal basis. Ibn al-Qayyim also introduced the rule of "taghayyur al-fatwā bi taghayyur al-azminah", meaning changes in fatwas due to changes in time. These principles reinforce the flexibility of Islamic law. By taking some examples from articles from the Malacca law, the Simbur Tjahaya Act of the Palembang Sultanate, the Jambi Customary Law, the Sultan Adam Law on the Banjar Sultanate, the Martabat Tujuh Law for the Buton Sultanate and the Baraja Niti Kutai Law Kartanegara, it was found that the intersection between Islamic law and customary law was seen in these laws, which were complementary, and there was no tension.

scholarly journals Hakikat Perceraian Berdasarkan Ketentuan Hukum Islam Di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Dahwadin Dahwadin ◽  
Enceng Iip Syaripudin ◽  
Eva Sofiawati ◽  
Muhamad Dani Somantri
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Legal Development ◽  
Is Implementation ◽  
Two Sides

<p>Divorce is one of the provisions contained inside constitution number 7 years 1989 article 65 about religious justice and compilation of islamic law article 115 and constitution number 1 years 1974 about marriage article 39 explain that divorce only can be done in front of the trial religious court after religious court trying and not succeeding reconcile the two sides. The main purpose divorce to be affairs authority religious court (see article 49) is to give discipline de jure for people who are Muslim in handling family matters. So that with various presence which mandates divorce done in front of the trial give taste satisfaction and comfort for seekers justice in search justice on environment of the religious court. Theory in writing this is used as basic analysis write in reviewing normatively and scientific  that is legal purpose theory, legal development, law enforcement and law enforcement in Indonesia. Normatively study write used legal basis which applies in the environment religious court in Indonesia. Between : 1) constitution number 1 years 1974 about is marriage. Constitusion number 7 years 1989. Constitution number 3 years 2006 <em>Jo </em>constitution number 50 years 2009 about is religious court, compilation of islamic law, and PP number 9 years 1975 about is implementation constitution number 1 years 1974 with the purpose of creating justice, benefit, discipline and peace of the community, and benefit for people who seek justice in the environment religious court in Indonesia.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Perceraian merupakan salah satu ketentuan yang terdapat di dalam Undang-undang No 7 Tahun 1989 Pasal 65 tentang Peradilan Agama dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) Pasal 115 dan UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan Pasal 39 menjelaskan bahwasannya perceraian hanya dapat dilakukan di depan sidang Pengadilan Agama setelah Pengadilan Agama  berusaha dan tidak berhasil mendamaikan kedua belah pihak. Tujuan utama perceraian menjadi urusan wewenang pengadilan agama (lihat Ps. 49) adalah untuk memberikan ketertiban secara hukum bagi orang-orang yang beragama Islam dalam menangani persoalan keluarga. Sehingga dengan hadirnya berbagai ketentuan yang mengamanatkan perceraian di lakukan di depan sidang pengadilan memberikan rasa kepuasan dan kenyamanan bagi para pencari keadilan dalam mencari keadilan di lingkungan badan peradilan agama. Teori dalam penulisan ini yang digunakan sebagai dasar analisis penulis dalam mengkaji secara normative dan ilmiah yaitu teori tujuan hukum, pembangunan hukum, penegkan hukum dan pemberlakuan hukum di Indonesia. Kajian secara normatif penulis menggunakan dasar hukum yang berlaku di lingkungan lembaga pengadilan agama di Indonesia. Diantaranya : 1) UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan. UU No. 7 Tahun 1989 <em>Jo </em>UU No. 3 Tahun 2006 <em>Jo </em>UU No. 50 Tahun 2009 tentang Peradilan Agama, Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI), dan PP No. 9 Tahun 1975 tentang Pelaksanaan UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 dengan tujuan untuk menciptakan keadilan, kemanfaatan, ketertiban dan ketentraman masyarakat, dan kemaslahatan bagi orang-orang yang mencari keadilan di lingkungan badan peradilan agama di Indonesia.</p>

scholarly journals QUR’ANIC PERSPECTIVE IN ASPECT OF EASE IN WORSHIP] اليسر في مجال العبادات من منظور القرآن الكريم

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
Rafat Kemel Al-Sayouri ◽  
Mohd. Shafiee Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Analytic Approach ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Way

Islam is a religion of ease, there is no inconvenience in its ritual obligations prescribed for its followers and when contemplating on the acts of worship which Almighty Allah has ordered Muslims to perform and the way to carry out these acts, there is ultimate ease and simplicity. Almighty Allah distinguished the Islamic religious obligations from other past nations with ease in worship. The Quranic main purpose and objectives is to make people's lives easy by guiding them to worship Almighty Allah, and to disseminate ease among people in terms of perception, mindset, behavior and coexistence. Therefore, this research aims at establishing the legal basis of the concept of ease in the aspect of worship as per perception of the Quranic expression, and manifestation of ease in worship and its objectives in order to explain the reality of Islam in terms of being a religion of ease and moderation. It also aims to highlight the tolerance aspect of Islamic law. The research aims at explaining the concept of ease, its Quranic derivations and conjugations, and to explain Quranic ease in the aspect of worship. This qualitative research depended on gathering information based on inductive descriptive approach which dissects verses about ease and interprets them, and it also followed the analytic approach through abstracting semantics of the verses and lessons learnt from such verses. Among the conclusions reached in this research is the simplicity and ease of the legal rulings, and aversion of inconvenience, bearing in mind that anything which is extreme or creates inconvenience exits the concept of ease and has no basis in the Islamic religion. Ease is a vital objective of the purposes of the Islamic law. It is the means which should lead to the worship of the Almighty Allah, and it is from this where the importance of explaining the concept of ease comes through the Holy Qur’an to present it to people, preachers and educators. الإسلام دين اليسر، لا مشقة في كل تكاليفه الشرعية التي أمر أتباعه بأدائها، وإن الناظر بعين التدبر إلى العبادات التي فرضها الله تعالى على المسلمين والكيفية التي تُؤدى بها، يجد فيها يُسراً ما بعده يسر، وقد ميز الله تعالى أمة الإسلام على غيرها من الأمم بيسر العبادات، ومن غايات ومقاصد القرآن الأساسية، تيسير حياة الناس، بتوجيهها إلى عبادة الله، ونشر اليسر بين الناس تصوراً وخلقاً وسلوكاً ومعايشةً، فمن هنا تكمن مشكلة البحث في التأصيل الشرعي لمفهوم اليسر في مجال العبادات من منظور القرآن الكريم، وبيان صور اليسر في العبادات ومقاصدها، لبيان حقيقة الإسلام من حيث أنه دين اليسر والاعتدال، وإبراز الوجه السمح للشريعة الإسلامية، ويهدف البحث إلى بيان مفهوم اليسر، واشتقاقات وتصريفات كلمة اليسر في القرآن الكريم، وبيان اليسر القرآني في مجال العبادات، وهذا البحث بحث كيفي، ولقد اعتمد الباحث على جمع المعلومات على المنهج الوصفي الإستقرائي بتتبع آيات اليسر وبيان تفسيرها، واتبع كذلك المنهج التحليلي باستخلاص دلالات الآيات وفوائدها، ومن النتائج التي توصل إليها الباحث، أن الأحكام الشرعية جاءت سهلة ميسرة في أصلها، وأن الحرج يجب دفعه، وكل أمر فيه غلو أو تشديد هو خروج عن اليسر، والقصد فيه ليس من الدين في شيء، وأن اليسر مقصد هام من مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية، وهو وسيلة تعين على تحقيق غاية العبودية لله تعالى، ومن هنا تظهر أهمية توضيح مفهوم اليسر من خلال القرآن الكريم وتقديمه للناس والدعاة والمربين.

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