KEJADIAN PNEUMONIA BALITA DI MAUMERE FLORES NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

Background: Pneumonia is the most significant disease to cause death in children compared to any other respiratoy infections, particularly in babies and children under five years old. Objective: This study aimed to investigate several risk factors for pneumonia in children under five years old in Maumere, Flores, NTT. Methods: This sudy employed collaborative qualitative-quantitative design. Data on the occurrence of pneumonia were drawn from the medical record of TC Hillers Maumere hospital, gathering information from January to July 2015. Research also involved direct observation to residents housing and interviews with health care providers and locals. Research population was children under five with a history of pneumonia, consisted of 152 children. Data were alayzed with a univariate method. Results: The majority of respondents with pneumonia were male (53.3%), co-morbid with iron deficiency anemia (20.4%), aged under 12 months (69.1%), well-nourished (56.6%), and waiting for 1-3 days at home before going to the hospital (47.5%). Direct observation suggested that Maumere was a dry and dusty area. The majority of housing roof was zinc, with topsoil floor, house ventilation were not properly adjusted, houses were over-populated, and residents still used wood and gasoline to cook. Residents had strong belief on supernatural powers. Conclusion: Risk factors that increased the occurrence of pneumonia in children under five in Maumere were age, sex, nutritional status, and environment characteristics. Keywords: pneumonia, anemia, nutrition, housing, children

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KEJADIAN PNEUMONIA BALITA DI MAUMERE FLORES NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

Media Ilmu Kesehatan ◽

10.30989/mik.v5i2.151 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 99-106

Author(s):

Vivian Nanny Lia Dewi ◽

Silvia Ari Agustina

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Direct Observation ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Care Providers ◽

Design Data ◽

Children Under Five ◽

Under Five ◽

Research Population ◽

History Of

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Predictors of Stunting Among Children Under Five Year of Age in Indonesia: A Scoping Review

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v12n8p83 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 83

Author(s):

Henny Suzana Mediani

Keyword(s):

Health Care Providers ◽

Parental Education ◽

Age Factors ◽

National Level ◽

Child Growth ◽

Care Providers ◽

Diverse Range ◽

Children Under Five ◽

Child Stunting ◽

Under Five

The cases of stunting in Indonesian children under five years of age is become national issues. This is due to the prevalence of stunting in Indonesian children has still remained high comparing to other southeast countries, at the national level is approximately 31 %. The consequences of child stunting may give both immediate and long term and include increased morbidity and affect to child growth and development. There is evidence of some factors are known as risk factors of stunting in children globally. The aim of this review is to identify the current literature and compile the predictors that have been associated with stunting in Indonesia and where data gaps remain. A systematic search of the literature between 2010 and 2018 was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, EBSCO and Clinical Key. A search of the literature was performed by using keywords: stunting, determinants, children under five year of age, factors, Indonesia. Papers were included in this review if they identify an association between child stunting and exposure to determinant factors. We include 18 articles in the final analysis that met with the criteria. The included studies indicated that there are several main predictors of child stunting: child factors (low birth weight, premature birth); maternal factors (parental short stature, parental education); infection, and breast feeding. A diverse range of contributing factors are, to varying degrees, associated with stunting, demonstrating the importance of considering how those predictors interacts with nutrition. Integrated health promotion, prevention and interventions by health care providers, communities including health cadres is needed to prevent new stunting children in Indonesia

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Prevalence, risk factors, and management practices of primary dysmenorrhea among young females

BMC Women s Health ◽

10.1186/s12905-021-01532-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Samar Karout ◽

Lama Soubra ◽

Deema Rahme ◽

Lina Karout ◽

Hani M J Khojah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Mefenamic Acid ◽

Management Practices ◽

Hormonal Contraceptives ◽

Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽

Care Providers ◽

Young Females ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is one of the most common gynecological conditions among young females, which has a significant negative impact on health-related quality of life and productivity. Despite its high prevalence, the evidence is limited regarding the management-seeking practices and its perceived effectiveness among females with PD. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted among 550 female students in six universities across Lebanon. The prevalence of PD, associated risk factors, and management-seeking practices were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Results The prevalence of PD was 80.9%. Most of the females with PD described their menstrual pain as moderate (56%) to severe (34.6%), which significantly affected their daily activities and studying ability (P < 0.001). The major risk factors associated with PD included heavy menstrual flow (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 10.28), family history of PD (AOR = 2.52), history of weight loss attempt (AOR = 2.05), and medical specialization (AOR = 1.663). Only 36.9% of females with PD sought formal medical advice. Most dysmenorrheic females (76.4%) received medications for the management of PD, and remarkably none of them took hormonal contraceptives. Drugs commonly used for PD were mefenamic acid (26.2%), ibuprofen (25%), and paracetamol (11.5%), which were administered when the pain started (58.2%). All medications were significantly effective in reducing the pain score (P = 0.001), and most NSAIDs were more potent than paracetamol in managing PD (P = 0.001). However, no significant difference in adverse effects among medications was revealed. Moreover, no superiority of any individual NSAID for pain relief was established. Nevertheless, mefenamic acid was associated with the lowest risk of abdominal pain (OR: 0.03, P = 0.005) and the highest risk of flank pain (OR = 12, P = 0.02). Conclusions Suboptimal management of PD is practiced among university students in Lebanon. Therefore, health care providers should educate dysmenorrheic females to optimize the self-management support of PD. Furthermore, future research is required to investigate females’ misconceptions about hormonal contraceptives in the management of PD, aiming to raise awareness and correct misconceptions.

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Risk factors of kidney stone disease: a cross-sectional study in the southeast of Iran

BMC Urology ◽

10.1186/s12894-021-00905-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Parvin Khalili ◽

Zahra Jamali ◽

Tabandeh Sadeghi ◽

Ali Esmaeili-nadimi ◽

Maryam Mohamadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Kidney Stones ◽

Kidney Stone ◽

Adult Population ◽

Stone Disease ◽

Care Providers ◽

Baseline Phase ◽

Kidney Stone Disease ◽

History Of

Abstract Background The prevalence of kidney stones in the world is increasing and environmental factors seem to play a major role in this issue. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of risk factors of kidney stones in the adult population of Rafsanjan city based on the data of the Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS). Methods In the baseline phase of this study, 10,000 people aged 35 to 70 years are enrolled in the RCS, as one of the prospective epidemiological research studies in Iran. From this population, 9932 participants completed related demographic questionnaires as well as reported a history of diabetes mellitus, kidney stone, and hypertension diseases. The obtained data were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistics regression. Results According to the obtained results, 46.54% of the studied population were male and 53.46% were female. The mean age of the participants was 49.94 ± 9.56 years. 2392 people accounting for 24.08% of the population had kidney stones. After adjustment of the variables, six variables of gender, WSI, no consumption of purified water, BMI, and history of hypertension and diabetes were found to be significant related factors of kidney stone disease. Conclusions Gender, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and personal habits like alcohol consumption, opium use and, cigarette smoking are effective in the development of kidney stones. So, by identifying the susceptible patients and teaching them, the burden of the disease on society and the individual can be reduced. The results of this study are helpful to health care providers for preventive planning for kidney stone disease.

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New pediatric risk factors for amblyopia: strabismic versus refractive

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.5301/ejo.5001036 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 229-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sandra Guimaraes ◽

Maria Vieira ◽

Tatiana Queirós ◽

Andreia Soares ◽

Patrício Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Family History ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Care Providers ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Strabismic Amblyopia ◽

History Of ◽

Questionnaire Surveys ◽

New Perspective

Purpose: To assess the role of risk factors for amblyopia, such as family history and neonatal background, for the prediction of either strabismic amblyopia or refractive amblyopia. Methods: In this retrospective case-control model, the study population included all children born at the Hospital de Braga during 1997-2012 (3 to 18 years old) with ophthalmologic consultation in 2014. Data collection was performed from the clinical database and through telephone questionnaire surveys. Results: A total of 298 (50%) controls and 298 (50%) cases (120 [40.3%] strabismic amblyopia and 178 [59.7%] refractive amblyopia) were analyzed. A significantly lower birthweight was detected in patients with strabismic amblyopia (mean 2,961 g [95% confidence interval (CI) 2,827-3,096]) compared to controls (mean 3,198 g [95% CI 3,125-3,271]) (p = 0.002). Five-minute Apgar was significantly lower in patients with strabismic amblyopia (mean 9.57 [95% CI 9.37-9.77]) than in controls (mean 9.83 [95% CI 9.77-9.90]) (p = 0.004) or patients with refractive amblyopia (mean 9.79 [95% CI 9.69-9.89]) (p = 0.031). Family history of either amblyopia or strabismus was associated with amblyopia (χ2 [2, n = 562] = 12.66; p = 0.002; Cramer V = 0.150; χ2 [2, n = 561] = 11.0; p = 0.004; Cramer V = 0.140), but was significantly more associated with strabismic amblyopia (p = 0.0023 and p = 0.0032) than with refractive amblyopia (p = 0.48 and p = 0.015, respectively). Multinomial logistic regression model explained 50.8% of the variance in amblyopia development. Low 5-minute Apgar had a relevant odds ratio (OR) for either strabismic amblyopia (OR 3.44; p = 0.066) or refractive amblyopia (OR 3.30; p = 0.077). Conclusions: This division in amblyopia subtypes gives a new perspective of the risk factors for amblyopia, with family history and some obstetrician/neonatal outcomes appearing to be more relevant in strabismic amblyopia. Educating health care providers to recognize these risk factors can result in an early ophthalmologic referral.

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Antibiotic prescription practices among prescribers for children under five at public health centers III and IV in Mbarara district

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0243868 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. e0243868

Author(s):

Nelson Okello ◽

Joseph Oloro ◽

Catherine Kyakwera ◽

Elias Kumbakumba ◽

Celestino Obua

Keyword(s):

Health Care Providers ◽

Antibiotic Prescription ◽

Health Centers ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Care Providers ◽

Children Under Five ◽

Under Five ◽

Prescription Practices ◽

Care Facilities ◽

Upper Respiratory

Introduction Rational use of medicines requires that patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs. Irrational prescription of antibiotics has been reported in many health systems across the world. In Uganda, mainly nurses and assistant medical officers (Clinical officers) prescribe for children at level III and IV primary care facilities (health center II and IV). Nurses are not primarily trained prescribers; their antibiotic prescription maybe associated with errors. There is a need to understand the practices of antibiotic prescription among prescribers in the public primary care facilities. We therefore determined antibiotic prescription practices of prescribers for children under five years at health center III and IV in Mbarara district, South Western Uganda. Methods This was a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study. We reviewed outpatient records of children <5 years of age retrospectively. Information obtained from the outpatient registers were captured in predesigned data abstraction form. Health care providers working at health centers III and IV were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. They provided information on socio-demographic, health facility, antibiotic prescription practices and availability of reference tools. Data was analyzed using STATA software version 13∙0. Results There were 1218 outpatients records of children under five years reviewed and 35 health care providers interviewed. The most common childhood illness diagnosed was upper respiratory tract infection. It received the most antibiotic prescription (53%). The most commonly prescribed oral antibiotics were cotrimoxazole and amoxicillin, and ceftriaxone and benzyl penicillin were the commonest prescribed injectable antibiotics. Up to 68.4% of the antibiotic prescription was irrational. No prescriber or facility factors were associated with irrational antibiotic prescription practices. Conclusion Upper respiratory tract infection is the most diagnosed condition in children under five years with Cotrimoxazole and Amoxicillin being the most commonly prescribed antibiotics. Antibiotics are being prescribed irrationally at health centers III and IV in Mbarara District. Training and support supervision of prescribers at health centers III and IV in Mbarara district need to be prioritized by the district health team.

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Screening for retinopathy, risk factors, adherence to treatment and complications among diabetic and hypertensive individuals attending a primary care centre in Puducherry, India

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20183661 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 3152

Author(s):

Amod Hansdak ◽

Saravanan V. ◽

Manikandan . ◽

Navin . ◽

Joy Bazroy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Hypertensive Retinopathy ◽

Fundus Examination ◽

Care Providers ◽

Adult Age ◽

History Of ◽

Sedentary Life ◽

Rule Out

Background: The increasing prevalence and incidence of diabetes and hypertension with increasing age and adult age group are at high risk of developing diabetic and hypertensive retinopathies.Methods: The study was conducted in a rural area of Puducherry, data collection was carried over a period of six months. Self-reported patients of diabetes and hypertension were included in the study and predesigned questionnaire was used to collect the information about socio-demographic details, risk factors, physical activity, history related to DM/HTN and history of fundus examination.Results: Majority of patients screened for diabetes 56% and hypertension 47% was by government hospital. The proportion of diabetics and hypertensives who had undergone fundus examination to rule out diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy was found to be 29.3% (12) and 14.5% (10). Complications such as neuropathy and retinopathy were given by 36.5% (15) and 2.4% (1) of diabetic patients Two third of the patients 64.1% had sedentary life style.Conclusions: Health care providers need to plan for larger coverage of fundus examination among diabetic and hypertensive patients.

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Risk Factors for Stunting Among Children Under Five Years of Age in the Eastern and Western Provinces of Rwanda: Analysis of Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey 2014/2015

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3379825 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Samuel Habimana ◽

Emmanuel Biracyaza

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Survey ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Children Under Five ◽

Under Five

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The Myth of the Perfect Pregnancy

10.1093/oso/9780190869816.001.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lara Freidenfelds

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Colonial America ◽

Care Providers ◽

Early Nineteenth Century ◽

Unrealistic Expectation ◽

History Of ◽

Late Twentieth ◽

Late Twentieth Century

The Myth of the Perfect Pregnancy is a history of why Americans came to have the unrealistic expectation of perfect pregnancies and to mourn even very early miscarriages. The introduction explains that miscarriage is a common phenomenon and a natural part of healthy women’s childbearing: approximately 20 percent of confirmed pregnancies spontaneously miscarry, mostly in the first months of gestation. Eight topical chapters describe childbearing and pregnancy loss in colonial America; the rise of birth control from the late eighteenth century to the present; changes in parenting from the early nineteenth century to the present that increasingly focused attention on the emotional relationship between parent and child; the twentieth-century rise of prenatal care and maternal education about embryonic growth; the twentieth-century blossoming of a consumer culture that marketed baby items to pregnant women; the abortion debates from the mid-twentieth century to the present; the late twentieth-century introduction of obstetric ultrasound and its evolution into a pregnancy ritual of “meeting the baby” as early as eight weeks’ gestation; and the late twentieth-century introduction of home pregnancy testing and the identification of pregnancy as early as several days before a missed period. The conclusion offers suggestions for how women and their families, health-care providers, and the maternity care industry can better handle pregnancy and address miscarriage.

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