TURN TAKING STRATEGIES IN POLITICAL DEBATES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Desi Dwi Natalia ◽  
Fajar Subekti ◽  
Ni Ketut Mirahayuni
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Strategy ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Communication Mechanism ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
Presidential Debate ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This article reports on two separate studies—Natalia (2019) and Subekti (2019)—on  communication mechanism in political debates. Specifically these studies focus on turn taking strategies adopted in political debates by political figures during their campaign for presidency or in dealing with specific issues. Both studies adopted Stenstrom’s (1994) classification of turn taking strategies which include three main strategies: taking the turn, holding the turn, and yielding the turn, each of which was further specified into more specific strategies. The data were two Youtube videos: first, Trump and Clinton First Presidential Debate 2016 (36 minutes 22 seconds [Natalia, 2019]) and second, BBC World Debate “Why Poverty”November 30,2012 (47 minutes 16 seconds, [Subekti, 2019]). Employing descriptive qualitative, with the aim of analyzing turn taking strategies adopted in the debates, both studies found interesting points: first, Stenstrom’s three strategies appeared in the debates; second, taking the turn strategy was the dominant strategy, followed by holding the turn strategy and the least used one was yielding to turn; and third, interruption which was a specific type of taking the turn strategy seems to be most often used in the debater’s attempt to maintain the turn and present their points and thus dominate the debate.

Speech Acts by the Governor Candidates of North Sumatera in Political Debates

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya Dwi Amalia Zati ◽  
Sumarsih Sumarsih ◽  
Lince Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
The Way ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The objectives of the research were to describe the types of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera, to derive the dominant type of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera and to elaborate the way of five governor candidates of North Sumatera use speech acts in televised political debates. This research was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative research. The findings show that there were only four types of speech acts used in televised political debates, Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara, they were assertives, directives, commissives and expressives. The dominant type of speech acts used in both televised political debates was assertives, with 82 utterances or 51.6% in Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and 36 utterances or 41.37% in Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara. The way of governor candidates of North Sumatera used speech acts in televised political debates is in direct speech acts, they spoke straight to the point and clearly in order to make the other candidates and audiences understand their utterances.   Keywords: Governor Candidate; Political Debate; Speech Acts

A STUDY OF TURN TAKING IN EXTENSIVE READING LECTURE AT ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM OF HALU OLEO UNIVERSITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Suhartono Anwair
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Classroom Interaction ◽  
Extensive Reading ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The study of turn taking in extensive reading lecture is aimed at investigation the types of turn taking and its functions. The scope of this study is restricted only to the classroom interaction in extensive reading lecture. There are 30 students and 1 lecturer taken as the respondents. They are taken by purposive sampling. In collecting the data, all utterances produced by the speakers were recorded and scripted. Finally, those scripts were analyzed by using descriptive qualitative method in terms of types of turn taking and its functions.The result shows that there are three turn taking types in extensive reading lecture, namely: taking the turn, holding the turn and yielding the turn. Additionally, there are eleven functions of turn taking in extensive reading lecture, namely: informative, organisation, affective, responsive, external thinking, interrogative, judgemental, intentional, hypothetical, reproductional, and imaginative functions. Keywords: turn, turn taking, and extensive reading lecture

scholarly journals Online comments as input enhancement

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Dukhayel Aldukhayel
Keyword(s):  
Listening Comprehension ◽  
Vocabulary Learning ◽  
Input Enhancement ◽  
Teaching Of Reading ◽  
Online Comments ◽  
Different Types ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
Linguistic Input

Chapelle (2003) proposed three general types of input enhancement that help L2 learners “acquire features of the linguistic input that they are exposed to during the course reading or listening for meaning” (p. 40): input salience, input modification, and input elaboration. In 2010, Cárdenas-Claros and Gruba argued that Chapelle’s different types of input enhancement “can be and have been operationalized through help options” primarily utilized in the teaching of reading, listening, writing, grammar, and vocabulary such as glossed words, video/audio control features, captions, subtitles, and grammar explanations (p. 79). As understood from Cárdenas-Claros and Gruba’s classification of help options, input enhancement can only be accomplished through one process: salience, modification, or elaboration. In this article, we argue that YouTube comments have the potential to be (1) a help option that facilitate both listening comprehension of the videos and vocabulary learning and that (2) input enhancement accomplished by comments can be achieved by a combination of different types of input enhancement. Put another way, the aural input of a YouTube video can be salient, modified, and elaborated, thanks to the various types of comments YouTube videos often receive.

scholarly journals IMPOLITENESS STRATEGIES IN YOUTUBE COMMENT SECTION FOUND IN INDONESIAN PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arrasyd Arrasyd ◽  
Hamzah Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Online Comments ◽  
Presidential Debate ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The purpose of this study was to find impoliteness strategies used by netizens to Jokowi-Maaruf and netizens to Prabowo-Sandi based on gender in YouTube comments section based on Culpeper`s theory (1996). This research was descriptive qualitative research based on impoliteness strategies phenomena in written language. The data on this research were words, phrases, and sentences in online comments that contained impoliteness strategies found in Indonesian Presidential debate 2019 in YouTube comment. The instruments of this research were Wi-Fi, laptop, writing equipment, and indicators of impoliteness strategies. The results of analysis showed that from 200 comments collected, there were 267 impoliteness strategies found. The reason why number of strategies found bigger than the data collected is because the commentators mostly performed more than one strategy in one utterance. Four by five strategies found in this research were bald on record, positive impoliteness, negative impoliteness, and sarcasm or mock politeness. The strategies that were not found ware withhold politeness because it only occurred in spoken language. The most used strategies were positive impoliteness. The highest user of positive impoliteness was male netizens to female netizens to Prabowo-Sandi (47%).

scholarly journals The Use of Humor as a Pragmatic Device in Indonesian Studium Generale Lectures

SUAR BETANG ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-231
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizqi
Keyword(s):  
Academic Discourse ◽  
Academic Environment ◽  
Academic Cultures ◽  
Aggressive Humor ◽  
Youtube Videos

This paper concerns the use of humor as a pragmatic device in academic discourse. The previous studies in this area has shown that, though unlikely, humor is commonly used in academic discourse—both that of written and spoken nature. Among many aspects analyzed in the studies of academic discourse, some are related to academic cultures. With a deliberate consideration of this existing body of literature, this research aims to contribute in area by examining the use of humor in a specific academic environment, Indonesia. The data analyzed are selected transcripts from chosen YouTube videos of studium generale lectures by three Indonesian political figures. The usage of humor will be identified and analyzed pragmatically, and further classified on a table based on the classification of humor by Martin, Puhlik-Doris, Larsen, Grey Weir (2003). The findings of this study show that in Indonesian studium generale lectures, all four types of humor in the theory occurred, and the most frequently used type of humor is aggressive humor, to which offensive jokes belong.

scholarly journals TRANSLATION STRATEGY IN TOBA DREAM MOVIE SUBTITLE

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Elisa Betty Manullang ◽  
Gabe Hartina Marpaung
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Dominant Strategy ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The article deals with the translation strategies used in Toba Dream Movie. The objectives of this study were to find out types and most dominant type of translation strategies used in the subtitles of Toba Dream movie. The study was conducting by using descriptive qualitative method. The data of the study were words, phrases, and clauses in the subtitle of  Toba  Dream movie, there  were 425 dialogues in the movie. The data analysis were taken by listing and tabulating the data. The data were analyzed based on the theory that proposed by Henrik Gottlieb. The findings inducted that there  were ten types of translation strategies used in the movie, they were there were (319 times)used transfer strategy,  (37 times) used paraphrase, (27 times) used dislocation, (20 times)used resignation, (10times) used expansion, (5 times)used decimation, (4 times) utterances which used condesation, (1time) used imitation, (1time) used transcription and (1time) used deletion. The dominant strategy used in the subtitles of Toba Dream movie was transfer strategy where the translator  translated the dialogues completely and correctly.

scholarly journals Analyzing Presidential Debates

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pekka Isotalus
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Presidential Debates ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Political Campaigning ◽  
Presidential Debate

Abstract One of the most used theories in the research of political debates is the functional theory of campaign discourse. However, the theory has been criticized for being too culturally limited. In the present article, a Finnish presidential debate is analyzed from the perspective of functional theory. The goal is to critically evaluate the applicability of functional theory to the analysis of Finnish political campaigning. The results show that a Finnish presidential debate differs in many ways from an American presidential debate. The study shows how strongly the culture is reflected in political television debates and how important it is to take account of the cultural perspective in the development of a theory.

scholarly journals EMPAT KARAKTER TOKOH DONGENG BUTON “WA NDIUNDIU”: SEBUAH PEMBACAAN PSIKOANALISIS SIGMUND FREUD (Four Characters on Butonese Fairytale Wa Ndiundiu: A Sigmund Freud Psikoanalysis Interpretation)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Syaifuddin Gani
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Psychological Condition ◽  
The Third ◽  
Textual Approach ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

“Wa Ndiundiu” adalah dongeng yang dibangun melalui pergumulan karakter tokohnya. Setiap tokoh menampilkan watak sesuai kondisi kejiwaannya. Psikologi sastra adalah kajian yang memandang sastra sebagai aktivitas kejiwaan pelakunya. Permasalahan penelitian adalah bagaimanakah struktur kepribadian, kecemasan, dan klasifikasi emosi empat tokoh “Wa Ndiundiu”? Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan empat karakter tokoh “Wa Ndiundiu” menggunakan teori psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Penulis menganalisis data dengan pendekatan tekstual, mengkaji aspek psikologisnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tokoh Ayah adalah akumulasi karakter yang diliputi kecemasan, tanatos, dominasi id, kemarahan, dan kebencian. Wa Turungkoleo memiliki cinta, kesedihan, dan eros. Kecemasan terkendali oleh ego dan superego-nya. La Mbatambata dikuasai alam bawah sadar dan fase id, muasal dorongan primitif yang belum dipengaruhi kebudayaan. Tokoh Wa Ndiundiu menghimpun beragam kerumitan kejiwaan. Antara id, ego, dan superego saling bersitegang dalam jiwanya. Tiga kecemasan, eros, dan tanatos hadir sekaligus dalam dirinya. Beragam klasifikasi emosi tersebut memengaruhi tindakannya.Abstract:Wa Ndiundiu is a kind of folktale built through the struggle of its characters. Every character shows  some characterizations based on their psychological condition. Literary psy- chology is used to describe psychological fact of their characters. The problems of the study are to find how the structure of personality, the anxiety, the emotional classification of Wa Ndiundiu’s four characters are.  The study is intended to describe the personality of four characters in “Wa Ndiundiu” by using Sigmund Freud Psychoanalysis. This study uses descriptive qualitative method. The writer analyzes the data by applying textual approach. The results of the analysis show that the first character “Ayah” is a character with anxiety, tanatos, id, madness, and hatred. The sec- ond character “Wa Turungkoleo” is a character that has love, sadness, and eros. Her anxiety can be controlled by her ego and super ego. The third character, La Mbatambata is still driven by his subconscious mind and id phase as a place of primitive stimulus which is influenced by the culture. The fourth character, Wa Ndiundiu collects the entire psychological situation in her characteriza- tion. Three types of anxiety, eros, and tanatos exist in her characterization. Many types of emo- tional feeling influence her action.

scholarly journals HUMANISASI DALAM NOVEL PEMIMPIN YANG “TUHAN” KARYA EMHA AINUN NADJIB

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmi Nur Laily ◽  
Turahmat Turahmat ◽  
Evi Chamalah
Keyword(s):  
Literary Theory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
Prophetic Literature ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji aspek etika profetik, yakni humanisasi yang terdapat pada novel Pemimpin yang “Tuhan” karya Emha Ainun Nadjib. Penelitian ini berlandaskan pada teori sastra profetik Kuntowijoyo. Penelitian ini berbentuk deskriptif kualitatif yakni mendeskripsikan dan menggambarkan gejala fenomena yang ada. Data yang digunakan berupa data kata, frasa, kalimat dalam kutipan yang memuat humanisasi dalam novel ini. Sumber data adalah novel Pemimpin Yang “Tuhan” karya Emha Ainun Najib. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik baca dan catat. Hasil klasifikasi etika profetik dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa sastra ini berlandaskan pada terminologi-terminologi Islam dari alquran yang berjiwa transendental dan sufistik. Novel ini juga sarat dengan naura sastra profetik. Aspek humanisasi yang terkandung dalam novel tersebut ada sembilan, yaitu humanisasi dengan menyebarkan kasih sayang, humanisasi dengan menyelami kebijaksanaan, membangkitkan rasa percaya diri, toleransi, memperjuangkan tujuan pendidikan, menjaga keharmonisan, saling mengamankan, saling menyelamatkan, dan menyebarkan cinta kasih yang tercermin dalam 18 kutipan.HUMANISM IN “PEMIMPIN YANG "TUHAN" “, A NOVEL BY EMHA AINUN NADJIB: A PROPHETIC LITERARY CRITICISMThis study examines aspects of prophetic ethics, namely humanization contains in a novel entitled “Pemimpin Yang “Tuhan” ”, writen by Emha Ainun Nadjib. The analysis done within this study was based on Kuntowijoyo's prophetic literary theory. The nature of this study is descriptive qualitative as it describes the existed phenomena depicted in the novel. The data consisted of words, phrases, sentences as represented in quotes taken from the novel through in-depth reading and note taking techniques. The classification of prophetic ethics resulted that this piece of literature was mainly based on Islamic terminologies taken from the Holy Qur'an which has a transcendental and sufistic spirits. This novel is also heavily loaded with prophetic literature. There are nine aspects of humanization contained in the novel namely humanization by spreading  loves, nurturing wisdom, building self-confidence, being tolerance, striving for education, maintaining harmony, protecting and saving others, and  dispersing devotion to all living beings – all were reflected throughout the 18 quotes.

Kepribadian dan Emosi Tokoh Utama dalam Novelet Menunggu Beduk Berbunyi Karya Hamka

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Silvi Mardiana ◽  
Rika Listya Nuraini
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Data Validation ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This study discusses the psychological aspects of the main character. The purpose of the study is to explain the understanding and details in depth about the personality and emotional classification of the main character. This is a descriptive qualitative study. The approach used is literary psychology. The documentation technique by means of reading and taking notes is used to obtain data from Hamka's novelette entitled “Waiting for the Sounding”. The content analysis technique is used in this study to find information and in-depth understanding of the data collected. Data validation uses theory triangulation. The results and discussion show that Mr. Sharif's personality is influenced by the id, the ego, and the superego. Mr. Sharif in the novelette is described as having a lonely character and suffering from the life he lived. He worked as a Dutch employee in order to escape the misery of the colonial period at that time. Therefore, it seems that Mr. Sharif’s various emotions demonstrate a form of conflict both with oneself (internal conflict) in the form of regret and feelings of guilt and with the environment (external conflict) in the form of love, envy and hate, and loneliness

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