scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS DAN FAKTOR PENGHAMBAT DALAM PELAKSANAAN PATUH HUKUM TENTANG HAK DARI ODGJ

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-265
Author(s):  
Inez Devina Clarissa ◽  
Nurul Fakhriyah

AbstractThe purpose of the study to see Indonesia as a legal state by article 1 verse (3) the constitution of 1945, each citizen has the right to legal protection, every citizen has the right to a decent job and livelihood, each citizen has the same position in the eyes of the law and in government. In reality, however, there are still obstructing freedom for others, as is the case with a mental person in the stocks, alien to the environment, and even for years. It is reasoned that the economy is minimal, the needs are large, and not only the mentally ill need the expense but there are other families to care for. So, the disturbed ones only felt the agony of being locked up in a room that had no residents, they threw people into a state of isolation. This sort of reasoning is often raised from related relatives: economic reasons, but some still try to cure them and hope that if treatment fails to cure crazy families, then most people reimprison them and supply them because the cost is depleted but have no healing effect on mentally ill families. Knowledge scarce in remote rural areas where government assistance for the poor makes it impossible for a person to ignore the rights of the mentally ill, when families release the mentally ill from the supply so that the family has satisfied the right of the mentally ill to live free but even if the right to live freely is granted, But the right to get food and other necessities is left unmet because disturbed people will wander away from the family's view, and if anything can endanger the safety of others then the family cannot go to charity because far from its stabilization, it can also affect the family's efforts to put the ODGJ in stock.Keywords: family factor; human rights: ODGJAbstrakTujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui terkait Indonesia sebagai negara hukum dilihat dari Pasal 1 Ayat (3) UUD 1945, Setiap warga negara berhak mendapatkan perlindungan hukum, Setiap warga negara berhak atas pekerjaan dan penghidupan yang layak, Setiap warga negara memiliki kedudukan yang sama di mata hukum dan di dalam pemerintahan. Namun, pada kenyataannya masih ada yang menghalangi kebebasan bagi orang lain seperti halnya seorang yang dalam gangguan jiwa di pasung, diasing kan dari lingkungan sekitar, dan bahkan hingga bertahun-tahun. Dengan alasan bahwa perekonomian yang minimal, kebutuhan banyak, dan bukan hanya orang dalam gangguan jiwa saja yang membutuhkan biaya tetapi, ada keluarga yang lain yang harus diperhatikan. Sehingga, yang mengalami gangguan jiwa hanya merasakan penderitaan di kurung dalam ruangan yang tanpa penghuni, mereka mengasingkan orang dalam gangguan jiwa. Alasan seperti ini yang sering terlontarkan dari kerabat keluarga yang terkait yaitu alasan perekonomian, namun masih ada yang berusaha mengobatinya dan menaruhkan harapan bahwa dengan pengobatan maka bisa sembuh, tetapi apabila pengobatan itu tidak memberikan kesembuhan bagi keluarga yang gila, maka kebanyakan seseorang mengurungnya kembali serta memasungnya dikarenakan biaya sudah habis tetapi tidak memberikan efek kesembuhan dari keluarga yang mengalami gangguan jiwa. pengetahuan yang minim di kawasan desa terpencil yang sulit mengetahui bantuan dari pemerintah untuk rakyat miskin membuat seseorang mengabaikan hak dari penderita gangguan jiwa, ketika keluarga membebaskan penderita gangguan jiwa dari pemasungan maka keluarga telah memenuhi hak penderita gangguan jiwa untuk hidup bebas tetapi meskipun  hak untuk hidup dengan  bebasnya sudah terlaksanakan, namun  hak untuk mendapatkan makanan dan kebutuhan lainnya tidak terpenuhi dikarena penderita gangguan jiwa akan berkeluyuran, sehingga jauh dari pantauan keluarga, dan apabila terjadi sesuatu hal yang dapat membahayakan bagi keselamatan orang lain maka keluarga tidak bisa menghindari itu di karenakan jauh dari pemantauannya, hal itu yang menjadi alasan lain selain dalam segi biaya, dalam segi keselamatan juga dapat mempengaruhi iktikad keluarga untuk memasung ODGJ.

Author(s):  
Lutz Leisering

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) proclaimed the equality of all human beings in dignity and rights. The right to social security, however, has been taken more seriously only since the 2000s, through calls for ‘Social security for all’ and ‘Leaving no one behind’. The book investigates a major response, social cash transfers to the poor. The idea of simply giving money to the poor had been rejected by all major development organizations until the 1990s, but since the early 2000s, social cash transfers have mushroomed in the global South and on agendas of international organizations. How come? What programmes have emerged in which countries? How inclusive are the programmes? What models have international organizations devised? Based on unique quantitative and qualitative data, the book takes stock of all identifiable cash transfers in all Southern countries and of the views of all major international organizations. The author argues that cash transfers reflect broader changes: new understandings of development, of human rights, of global risks, of the social responsibility of governments, and of universalism. Social cash transfers have turned the poor from objects of charity into rights-holders and agents of their own lives and of development. A repertoire of cash transfers has evolved that has enhanced social citizenship, but is limited by weak political commitments. The book also contributes to a general theory of social policy in development contexts, through a constructivist sociological approach that complements the dominant approaches from welfare economics and political economy and includes a theory of social assistance.


Author(s):  
Janne Rothmar Herrmann

This chapter discusses the right to avoid procreation and the regulation of pregnancy from a European perspective. The legal basis for a right to avoid procreation can be said to fall within the scope of several provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), an instrument that is binding for all European countries. Here, Article 12 of the ECHR gives men and women of marriageable age the right to marry and found a family in accordance with the national laws governing this right. However, Article 12 protects some elements of the right not to procreate, but for couples only. The lack of common European consensus in this area highlights how matters relating to the right to decide on the number and spacing of children touch on aspects that differ from country to country even in what could appear to be a homogenous region. In fact, the cultural, moral, and historical milieus that surround these rights differ considerably with diverse national perceptions of the role of the family, gender equality, religious and moral obligations, and so on.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayssa Rekhis ◽  
Sami Ouanes ◽  
Abir Ben Hamouda ◽  
Rym Rafrafi

Purpose This study aims to assess the awareness about the rights of people with mental illness in the main psychiatric hospital in Tunisia among the service users, the family members and the staff. Design/methodology/approach The Convention of Rights of People with Disabilities mandates that State Parties initiate and maintain campaigns and human rights training to promote understanding of the rights of people with mental illnesses, considered as a main factor for their fulfillment. Service users, family members and staff evaluated, through a survey, the importance of ten rights for persons with mental illness, stated in the convention. Findings Disparities were found in the perception of the different rights by and between the three groups. The highest levels of awareness were associated with the freedom from torture or degrading treatment and the right to live with dignity and respect, whereas the lower importance were assigned to the right to participation in recovery plans, to give consent and to exercise legal capacity. Originality/value The lack of awareness and the poor perception of rights of people with mental illness is one of the barriers to their achievement. More training and awareness raising is necessary.


Author(s):  
Kostia Digdaha ◽  
Rizal Syarief ◽  
MH Bintoro Djoefrie

In the process of eradicating poverty, Bank Muamalat with the collaboration with the Baitul Maal Muamalat (BMM), has undertaken the Mosque Based Micro Muamalat Community Program (KUM3). The problem identified in the program is that many members of KUM3 cannot make a capital return at the right time, causing them to fail in re-threading the capital. This study aims to determine the factors that affect the KUM3 member’s capital returns. Investigations carried out in four districts in Bogor City namely the Community of Loji, Pamoyanan, Pasar Anyar and Situ Gede. Eight factors that might affect the business capital was studied i.e. the value of social capital, the theory, the economy, the religion, marketing, finance, management and technical. The method used in analysing the data is the multiple logistic model . The analysis obtained a good results  in the social value, theoretical value, the economy, the religion, marketing, finance, management , and technical for the  KUM3 participants in Bogor City.  The most influential factor in the return of capital is the social value. Two factors were studied in this value i.e. family factor and community factor. It  has a tendency to break on time 6.46 times faster with the value of the regression coefficient  1.946 and value of -p 0.010 (<0.05) compared to the social disadvantage significance level of 5% . The good social value has a tendency to break even at 7,000 times compared to the less good social value. Based on the comparison between the family factor and the community factor, both have an impact on the capital returns


TEME ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 083
Author(s):  
Ranka V Vujović

Numerous entities in various procedural roles participate in the litigation proceedings for the exercising, denying and restoring of parental rights. The usual classification of litigation participants into subjects in a narrow, and subjects in a broader sense, may apply to such litigations. In the narrow sense, the subjects of the litigations are the litigation court and the litigants. In a broader sense, these are all persons who in any way participate in the litigation: interveners, counsel, witnesses, expert witnesses, interpreters, translators. Some of them participate in the proceedings to protect their own, and others to protect the rights and interests of others, and some are there to provide the necessary assistance in collecting the litigation material, present evidence, etc. Pursuant to the family laws, the capacity of a party in these proceedings, through the standardization of the right to the standing to commence an action, is assigned to the child, parents, custody authority and the public prosecutor. However, these are only potential, but not necessary participants in these proceedings. The proceedings may also be initiated and conducted without all the participants of the family-legal relation participating in them. As a rule, there is no participation of the child as a party, although, essentially, the child's right to live with parents and to have (adequate) parental care is the central theme of the proceedings. In all of these litigations, in fact, legal protection is afforded to the rights of the child arising from the parent-child relationship, namely from the rights and duties of the parent towards the child. This paper critically analyzes the national regulations governing the position of the child in litigation proceedings in the legal matters of exercising, denying and the restoring of parental rights, with a view to determine whether, and to what extent, the solutions contained in those regulations comply with the postulates of a fair trial, enable the exercise of a child’s right to participate in the proceedings that are to decide on the issues that affect him/her and provide effective protection of his/her procedural rights.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akramosadat Kia

Nature is one of the most important pillars of human life, which is why the environment has been considered in all historical periods. At first, contemporary international law seeks to protect the environment as part of international environmental law, but the inadequacy of this protection and the need to protect the environment for Nowadays's human beings and future generations, the link between the environment and human rights It was considered because legal protection of human rights could be a means to protect the environment. Hence, in the context of the third generation of human rights, a new right called "the right to the environment" was created in international human rights instruments, in which the environment was raised as a human right. This right is not only a reminder of the solidarity rights that are categorized in the third generation of human rights, but also necessary for the realization of many human rights, civil, political or economic, social and cultural rights. However, the exercise of this right requires a level of development which in turn provides for a greater degree of environmental degradation. Hence, the international community since the nineties has promoted the idea of sustainable development at all levels of national, regional and the international has put it on its agenda.


2021 ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
Iulia Butnaru ◽  

Privacy often conflict with other rights and legitimate interests, at which is the question of establishing its boundaries. Obviously there are no clear limits beyond which an infringement must be regarded as permissible. Private life is a concept with an extensive interpretation, which includes different spheres of the person’s life, as demonstrated by the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights. What is certain is that each person has their own opinion about the extent of privacy and this impression depends on the psychological traits of the person concerned, but also on the traditions and customs that exist in a society at a certain historical stage. The utility of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights in the protection of private life and the family is that it provides precise criteria to be applied by judges to determine whether the complaint submitted under Article 8 of the Convention European Human Rights is one valid.


Author(s):  
Fiala-Butora János

This chapter examines Article 23 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The right to family life and its various components have long been recognized by international human rights law and in regional human rights instruments. Despite this long tradition of protecting the family in human rights law, persons with disabilities have long been subject to serious violations of their right to family life. The prevailing stereotype has considered persons with disabilities asexual, which has led to the denial of their sexual autonomy. The right to family life also encompasses all forms of relationships and parenthood. To be truly equal members of society, persons with disabilities must achieve equality of opportunity in these areas as well. This requires significant attitudinal change, empowerment, dismantling of barriers, and support to experience intimate relationships.


2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 03014
Author(s):  
Anggraeni Endah Kusumaningrum

This paper aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of hospital accreditation in an attempt to provide legal protection of the right information of patients in hospital. The right to information stated on Article 7 and Article 8 of Law No. 36 of 2009 on Health as well as the shortcomings and advantages of health services. Along with the increasing awareness of the community to get good health service, raises the attitude of the critical patient. Patients no longer hesitate to ask the alternative treatment they will receive, whether in accordance with the cost incurred. The hospital is a complex organization because it is capital-intensive, energy, technology and various issues, covering the fields of law, economics, ethics, human rights, technology, and others with different principles and perspectives. The complexity of services in hospitals requires quality assurance and hospital service safety in the form of accreditation. Hospital accreditation is an acknowledgment given by an independent accrediting institution related to the assessment of the fulfillment of quality standards of hospital services on an ongoing basis. Therefore an accredited hospital is expected to effectively improve the quality of its services to their patients. The increased quality of hospital services will certainly improve patient safety and provide protection for patients.


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