scholarly journals Quantification of crop weather relationship and the effect of different planting dates on growth and yield of potato cultivars in a sub-tropical environment at Hisar

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Yogesh Kumar ◽  
Raj Singh ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
C S Dagar
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Tropical Environment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Meteorological Observatory ◽  
Plot Design ◽  
Agricultural Meteorology

Field experiments were carried out at research farm of Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCSHAU, Hisar during Rabi seasons of 2016-17 to quantify crop weather relationship and the effect of different planting dates on growth and yield of potato cultivars in a sub-tropical environment at Hisar. The experimental field was adjacent to Agro-meteorological observatory at 290 10' N latitude, 750 46' E longitude and altitude of 215.2 m. The main plots treatments consisted four date of sowing viz. D1- 8th Oct., D2-22th Oct., D3- 5th Nov. and D4- 23rd Nov. The sub-plots treatment consisted of three varieties (V1- Kufri Bahar, V2- Kufri Pushkar and V3- Kufri Surya). The forty eight treatment combinations were tested in split plot design with four replications. The results revealed that various growth and yield observations were recorded higher in second sown crop (22th Oct.) as followed by other planting dates. The maximum tuber yield were produced in D2 (20810.45 kg/ha) and it was least in D4 (14525.46 kg/ha). Among the varieties, Kufri Pushkar recorded highest tuber yield (21478.06 kg/ha) followed by Kufri Bahar (17432.26 kg/ha) and Kufri Surya (15378.11 kg/ha). In crop weather relationship, Tuber yield and plant height were significantly positively correlated with rainfall (0.80 and 0.92) and rainy days (0.50 and 0.53). Evening relative humidity was also positively correlated with LAI (0.59) and tuber yield (0.78) of potato. Vegetables production is considered to be particularly important in satisfying world food demand. Specific research therefore is needed in order to evaluate the effects of environmental factors that crop encounters during its growth period and its production.

Within-Season Changes in the Residual Weed Community and Crop Tolerance to Interference over the Long Planting Season of Sweet Corn

Weed Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Control Failure ◽  
Planting Season

Sweet corn is planted over a long season to temporally extend the perishable supply of ears for fresh and processing markets. Most growers' fields have weeds persisting to harvest (hereafter called residual weeds), and evidence suggests the crop's ability to endure competitive stress from residual weeds (i.e., crop tolerance) is not constant over the planting season. Field studies were conducted to characterize changes in the residual weed community over the long planting season and determine the extent to which planting date influences crop tolerance to weed interference in growth and yield traits. Total weed density at harvest was similar across five planting dates from mid-April to early-July; however, some changes in composition of species common to the midwestern United States were observed. Production of viable weed seed within the relatively short growth period of individual sweet corn plantings showed weed seedbank additions are influenced by species and planting date. Crop tolerances in growth and yield were variable in the mid-April and both May plantings, and the crop was least affected by weed interference in the mid-June and early-July planting dates. As the planting season progressed from late-May to early-July, sweet corn accounted for a great proportion of the total crop–weed biomass. Based on results from Illinois, a risk management perspective to weeds should recognize the significance of planting date on sweet corn competitive ability. This work suggests risk of yield loss from weed control failure is lower in late-season sweet corn plantings (June and July) than earlier plantings (April and May).

Mixed Planting of Potato Cultivars: Growth, Yield and Leafminer Damage in the Cool Tropics

1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Midmore ◽  
J. Alcazar
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tuber Growth ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar ◽  
Premium Price ◽  
Potato Foliage ◽  
Intercepted Radiation

SummaryThe influence of planting mixtures of two potato cultivars on the incidence of leafminer fly (Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard)) and on damage to potato foliage, and the effect on growth and yield, was studied in two field experiments in coastal Peru. Climatic differences between the two years of the experiments (1983 and 1984) had a greater effect than did cultivar mixtures on adult fly populations and on the numbers of feeding punctures and pupae per leaflet. Mixtures reduced the number of pupae in the tolerant cultivar, but increased it in the susceptible cultivar; in contrast, mixed planting tended to decrease the adult populations and feeding punctures in the susceptible cultivar of each mixture. In neither year did mixture yields or intercepted radiation exceed those of the highest-yielding sole crop, although land equivalent ratios (LER) reached 1.19. Considering the cultivars' different maturity rates and their tuber growth curves, it is probable that the later maturing cultivar of each mixture was able to exploit available light after, and perhaps even before, senescence of the earlier cultivar. Mixed planting of potato could be beneficial but only to farmers who plant both early and late cultivars, under conditions where the early harvest commands a premium price.

Appearance and growth of individual leaves in the canopies of several potato cultivars

1995 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Firman ◽  
P. J. O'Brien ◽  
E. J. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Leaf Appearance ◽  
Rate Of Leaf Appearance

SUMMARYLeaf appearance of contrasting potato cultivars was examined in field experiments at Cambridge, UK, between 1985 and 1990. Three experiments examined the effects of N fertilizer on the appearance and growth of leaves. Four experiments examined leaf appearance over a wide range of planting dates and in two of these experiments different physiological ages of seed were compared.Linear regression of rate of appearance of main-stem leaves on air temperature indicated a strong dependence of rate of leaf appearance on temperature in the cultivar Maris Piper with a phyllochron of c. 31 K d/leaf but in Estima variation in rate of leaf appearance was only partly explained by differences in air temperature. The phyllochron of main-stem leaves in Estima and Home Guard was shorter for old seed than young seed but there was little effect of seed age in four other cultivars. The phyllochron of main-stem leaves was longer without N fertilizer than with N but the difference in the phyllochron between rates of applied N was small. Leaf appearance on sympodial branches was slower and more variable than on the main-stem. Growth of branches differed between cultivars, particularly with no N fertilizer. In the determinate cultivars Estima and Diana there was restricted growth of branches but in the indeterminate cultivar Cara, significant leaf area was contributed by branches. The duration of leaf appearance and longevity of individual leaves is discussed in relation to N, temperature and cultivar.

scholarly journals Optimum planting date for the maximum tuber yield of tropical sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) genotypes in the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
M. M. Hossain ◽  
M. A. Kader ◽  
M. A. Kashem
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Field Laboratory ◽  
Brahmaputra Floodplain ◽  
Plot Design

Planting dates for a crop is a non-monetary input but plays a significant role in increasing the yield crop. Therefore, identifying genotype-specific planting dates is essential for obtaining the economic yield of tropical sugar beet. From this perspective, a field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University in  Bangladesh, from November 2015 to April 2016. Five sugar beet genotypes: Shubhra, Cauvery, EB-0616, EB-0626, and EB-0809 planted on four dates: 10, 20, 30 November, and 10 December. Treatments were laid out in a split-plot design replicated three times. Data revealed that planting on 10 November date, genotype EB-0809 produced the highest tuber yield, which was significantly superior to any other genotype combined with other planting dates. It was found that every ten days delay of planting from 10 November to 30 December reduced the tuber yield by 30, 43, and 55%, respectively. Results confirmed that planting the EB-0809 genotype on 10 November is ideal to obtain the highest tuber yield of tropical sugar beet in Bangladesh.

Growth Analysis of Soybeans (Glycine max) in Competition with Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium)

Weed Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Hagood ◽  
T. T. Bauman ◽  
J. L. Williams ◽  
M. M. Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Soybean Leaf ◽  
Pod Number

Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of jimsonweed (Datura stramoniumL.) densities and planting dates on the growth and yield of soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Amsoy 71’]. Jimsonweed densities of 1.5 and 2 plants/m2did not reduce the dry weight of soybean leaf, stem, root, or pod and seed tissues, leaf area index, plant height, pod number, or seed yield when soybeans and jimsonweed were planted at the same time. Weed densities ranging from 3 to 16 plants/m2did reduce one or more of these soybean growth parameters. A significant density-by-year interaction was observed in which soybean growth reductions caused by high jimsonweed densities were less when competition for water was minimized by above-average precipitation in 1 of the 2 yr. No density of jimsonweed that emerged when soybeans were at the fourth trifoliolate-leaf stage reduced crop growth or yield.

Growth Analysis of Soybeans (Glycine max) in Competition with Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 729-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Hagood ◽  
T. T. Bauman ◽  
J. L. Williams ◽  
M. M. Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Area Index ◽  
High Soil Moisture ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Soybean Leaves

Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of varying velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic.) densities and planting dates on the growth and yield of soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Amsoy 71’]. Velvetleaf densities ranging from 2.5 to 40 plants/m2caused reductions in the dry weight of soybean leaves, stems, roots, and pods and seeds, and in the leaf area index, pod number, and seed yield when velvetleaf and soybean plants emerged at the same time. The magnitude of reduction in soybean growth and the time at which the reduction was first observed was dependent on weed density. Soybean growth reductions caused by high velvetleaf densities were less when conditions of high soil moisture content minimized the effects of competition for water. Velvetleaf emerging 21 and 23 days after soybean emergence did not reduce crop growth or yield.

scholarly journals Hilling of Transplanted Seedlings from Novel Hybrid True Potato Seeds Does Not Enhance Tuber Yield but Can Affect Tuber Size Distribution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luuk C. M. van Dijk ◽  
Willemien J. M. Lommen ◽  
Michiel E. de Vries ◽  
Olivia C. Kacheyo ◽  
Paul C. Struik
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Tuber Size Distribution ◽  
Agronomic Conditions ◽  
Final Harvest ◽  
Plot Design

AbstractA novel cropping system for potato was tested for two consecutive years under normal Dutch agronomic conditions. Seedlings from two experimental genotypes of hybrid true potato seeds were produced in a greenhouse nursery and transplanted into the field 5 weeks after sowing to assess tuber yield levels and to study effects of hilling on tuber yield and number, tuber size distribution and tuber greening. Field experiments had a split-plot design with hilling treatments as the main plots and genotypes as the sub-plots. Final harvest was at 122 and 132 days after transplanting in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Hybrid seedlings were transplanted into small initial ridges and irrigated straight after planting. Three hilling treatments were applied between transplanting and 100% canopy cover. Treatment ‘zero hilling’ did not receive any additional hilling after transplanting. Treatments ‘double hilling’ and ‘triple hilling’ received two and three additional hilling treatments, respectively. Total tuber yields at final harvest in both years were not affected by the hilling treatments. Yields for the respective genotypes were 26 and 30 Mg/ha in 2017 and 25 and 32 Mg/ha in 2018. Total tuber numbers were only affected by hilling treatments in 2017, where under hilled conditions, plants produced more tubers compared with plants under zero hilling. Plants under zero hilling yielded more tubers in size class > 40 mm compared with triple hilling in 2017. In 2018, no significant effects of hilling on tuber numbers were found, but the trend was similar to that in 2017.

scholarly journals Calibration Validation and Evaluation of CERES Maize Model under Temperate Conditions of Kashmir, Using DSSAT 4.7

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Asma Fayaz ◽  
B. Ahmad Lone ◽  
. Shilpa ◽  
Sameera Qayoom ◽  
N. A. Dar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Sowing Experiment

Field experiments were conducted at Shalimar Campus of Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir during 2015 and 2016 to study the growth and yield of maize at different planting dates and Nitrogen levels with further simulating Maize growth and yield at different agro-ecological zones (altitudes) of Kashmir valley at fixed dates with varied nitrogen levels and at fixed nitrogen level with varied dates of sowing. Experiment was laid in split plot design with three dates of sowing i.e. 22nd May, 30th May and 8th June assigned to main plot and four levels of nitrogen i.e. 80 kg N ha-1 (N1), 120 kg N ha-1(N2), 160 kg N ha-1 (N3) and 200 kg N ha-1 assigned to sub plot. Genetic coefficients of maize crop variety (Shalimar Maize composite-4) were generated for calibrated and validation of CERES Maize model using DSSAT 4.5. Simulation was carried out for different dates of sowing viz, 1st May, 10th May, 22nd May, 30th May, 8th June, 20th June and 30th June at same fertility levels of 160 kg N ha-1, 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 30 kg K2O ha-1 for all the locations. Simulated studies carried at different locations indicated that sowing of Maize on 30th May (D2) with 200 kg N ha-1 (N4) predicted highest grain yield in location Kokernag which was followed by location Srinagar on same date 30th May (D2) with 160 kg N ha-1(N3) and lowest yield was recorded in district Kupwara. Maximum Biological yield was also recorded at 30th May with 160 kg N ha-1 (N3). Among the district Kokernag recorded maximum biological yield with delayed maturity (160 days) simulation studies were carried out with 7 dates of sowing at fixed level of Nitrogen in all the districts. Simulated studies of maize showed that sowing on 30th May with 160 kg N ha-1 (N3) recorded maximum LAI, Biological yield and grain yield. However, highest grain yield was recorded with location Kokernag and lowest was recorded with location Kupwara.

scholarly journals Performance of SUBSTOR model on growth and yield of potato varieties under different planting dates in a sub-tropical environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-220
Author(s):  
YOGESH KUMAR ◽  
RAJ SINGH ◽  
ANIL KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Potato Crop ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Tropical Environment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Mean Bias Error ◽  
Bias Error ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Simulation Performance ◽  
Main Plot

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi season of two consecutive years 2016-17 and 2017-18 at research farm, Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCSHAU, Hisar under sub-tropical environment of Haryana. DSSAT (v4.7) family of SUBSTOR module was employed to simulate the comparison of observed values with simulated values under field conditions with a view to a view to assess the performance of model. The model was calibrated for (2016-17) and derived their genetic coefficient and further outputs were validated for second year (2017-18) experiments. Calibration and validation were done on crop grown under four planting dates viz. 8th Oct. (D1), 22th Oct. (D2), 5th Nov. (D3) and 23rd Nov (D4) in main plot treatment and sub-plots treatments consisted of three varieties Kufri Bahar (V1), Kufri Pushkar (V2) and Kufri Surya (V3) were tested in split plot design with four replications. The results affirms that model overestimated the phenology (days to tuber initiation and physiological maturity) and growth and yield parameters like accumulation of maximum LAI, tuber and biological yield. The model’s simulation performance was found satisfactory, and the model overestimated with fair agreement (±10). Performance of model tested with help of Mean absolute error (MAE), Mean bias error (MBE), Root mean square error (RMSE), r (correlation) and PE (Percent error). The model had capability for optimum potato crop management, phenology prediction and future yield estimation.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN ABU BOILER TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) DI LAHAN GAMBUT

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Yeni Hartati ◽  
Nelvia Nelvia
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tuber Weight ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Plot Design ◽  
Boiler Ash

The aim of research to study the effect of Boiler ash origin palm oil mills (PKS) and the pulp on growth and yield of onion (Allium ascalonicum L.) on peatland. Research conducted at the experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, Rimbo Panjang village, Kampar District, Riau Province from August to November 2015. The study using the split-plot design (Split Plot Design), as the main plot, Boiler ash consists of two levels (plant origin MCC and pulp), and the subplot is boiler ash doses (0, 3, 6, and 9 tons/ha). Parameters measured were plant height, tuber number, the weight of tuber per hill, and tuber yield per m2. The results showed that plant height increased markedly in the application of 3 tons/ha ash from two sources, the number of tubers per clump sample increased markedly on the application of 6 tons/ha ash from PKS, as well as tuber weight per hill and tuber yield per m2 tends to increase with the application 3-9 tonnes/ha, the increase is greater with higher doses of ash from both sources.

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