scholarly journals Exploring the potential of seed flour from pigeon pea genotypes to retard the growth and development of Helicoverpa armigera

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 633-637
Author(s):  
Sheetanshu Grover ◽  
Satvir Kaur Grewal ◽  
Anil Kumar Gupta ◽  
Gaurav Kumar Taggar
Keyword(s):  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Larval Weight ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

Helicoverpa armigera is one of the most devastating known pest causing major economic losses. Development of insect resistance against chemical pesticides and the environment concerns are forcing researchers to pave way towards biopesticides. Our study aimed to test the efficacy of seed flour from ten pigeon pea genotypes against H. armigera development. H. armigera fed with diet containing pigeon pea seed powder exhibited larval and pupal weight reduction and certain abnormalities. Larval weight reduction varied from 19 % (AL 1495) to 37 % (AL 1677). Increase in larval duration was seen in genotypes containing higher trypsin inhibitor, phenols and phytic acid. AL 1677 was found to be the most resistant genotype with 37 % larval weight reduction followed by AL 1735. Larval-pupal intermediates were observed in diets containing AL 1495 and AL 1747 seed powder. The pupal weight reduction varied from 15.5 % to 44.5 %. Results from this study suggest the inhibitory potential of PIs and other bioactive compounds such as phenols and phytic acid from pigeon pea cultivars against H. armigera development, that can be further exploited in pest management.

Nocturnal observations on the emergence and flight behaviour of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the post-rainy season in central India

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Riley ◽  
N.J. Armes ◽  
D.R. Reynolds ◽  
A.D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Central India ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Mate Finding ◽  
Flight Behaviour ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Migratory Strategies ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Oviposition Sites

AbstractA range of techniques was used to quantify the nocturnal flight behaviour of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) crops near Hyderabad, in central India. These included visual observations in the field, the use of field cages and a vehicle-mounted net, optical and video imaging in the infra-red, and radar. Moth emergence from the soil was observed to start at dusk and recruitment continued steadily throughout the first half of the night. Little activity was observed in moths on the night of emergence, except for weak flying or crawling to daytime refuges. Flight activity of one-day old moths started about 20 min after sunset, peaked 15 min later and within about an hour of sunset had declined to a low level which persisted for the rest of the night. Flight of reproductively mature moths was most frequent about 1 h after sunset and at this time mainly comprised females searching for oviposition sites and nectar sources. By about 2 h after sunset, flight had decreased markedly, but there was a slight increase in activity in the second half of the night caused by males undertaking mate-finding flights. Under the conditions studied, the majority of H. armigera dispersed below 10 m, and there were no mass ascents to higher altitudes like those observed at outbreak sites of the African armyworm, Spodoptera exempta (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The contrasting migratory strategies of H. armigera and S. exempta are briefly discussed.

Evaluation of biopesticides against gram pod borer Helicoverpa armigera (HUB.) on pigeonpea

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar Anand Pandey ◽  
S. B. Das
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Major Pest

A field experiment on evaluation of biopesticides against gram pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hub.) on pigeon pea was carried out during kharif season of 2012-13. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Gram pod borer is a major pest of pigeon pea in India. For the management of this pest seven biopesticides were tested along with control. Among the biopesticides, Beauveria bassiana @ 1 liter / ha (1x1012 spores/ml) was found to be most effective biopesticide as it recorded lowest larval population (6.68 larvae / 5plants). The highest larval population was recorded in control (12.61 larvae /5 plants). The least effective treatment was Paecilomyces fumosoreseus (9.31 larvae /5 plants). Similar trend was observed in the grain yield as 1667.55 kg/ha, 709.41kg/ha and 1025.21kg/ha , respectively.

scholarly journals Forecasting Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larval phenology in pigeonpea and chickpea crops using growing degree days

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-331
Author(s):  
B. KIRAN GANDHI ◽  
S.K. SINGH ◽  
KRISHNA KUMAR ◽  
S. VENNILA ◽  
Y. SRUJANA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera

Gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera is a serious insect pest of pigeonpea and chickpea crops, responsible for huge economic losses. Timely forecasting and subsequent sensible management practices of H. armigera would save the crops from economic damage. In the present study, H. armigera larval incidence data was recorded from sixteen pigeonpea and chickpea growing locations (Maharashtra, India) for three seasons (2015, 2016 and 2017). Observed accumulated GDD (from 40 SMW to 7 SMW) revealed, H. armigera completed one generation in 29 days to develop 4 generations across the locations and seasons. After accumulating 86GDD (40 SMW) and 62 GDD (43 SMW), larval ‘biofix’ (initial incidence of larvae) was started in pigeonpea and chickpea, respectively. Logistic regression model estimated accumulated GDD required by H. armigera larvae to reach ETL in pigeonpea (629 GDD) and chickpea (378 GDD), which was same as observed accumulated GDD. Statistical criteria viz., Adjusted r2, AIC and BIC projected logistic regression model as a better performer in most cases. The geographically unique models developed based on biofix and accumulated GDD in this study can be used for timely advisories and sustainable management of H. armigera in pigeonpea and chickpea crops after field validation.

scholarly journals HELICOVERPA ARMIGERA-PEST ON TOBACCO PLANTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 539-545
Author(s):  
Vesna Krsteska
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Coccinella Septempunctata ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Hyposoter Didymator ◽  
In The Beginning

Helicoverpa armigera Hubner is а migratory, cosmopolitan and polycyclic species. The pest is known as tobacco bollworm or budworm. The species is polyphagous and is an economically important agricultural pest. The studies were conducted on tobacco plants in the Experimental Field of the Scientific Tobacco Institute - Prilep during 2017/2018. Monitoring of population dynamics of H. armigera was performed during tobacco vegetation in a 10 -day period, using the method of examining 100 tobacco plants, with Zig-Zag review of pest scouting. The collected larvae were additionally fed and grown in a laboratory according to the standard laboratory methodology. Field and laboratory trials were carried out for control of H. armigera, with five insecticides/ active ingredients: Spinetoram (a.i. 250 g/kg)- 0.3 kg/ha, Indoxacarb (a.i. 150 g/L)- 0.3 L/ha, Metaflumizone (a.i 240 g/L)- 1 L/ha; Emamectin (a.i. 9.5 g/kg)- 2 kg/ha and Flubendiamide (a.i. 480g/L)- 250 g/ha. Larvae of tobacco budworm damage flowers, seed capsules and top tobacco leaves. The population dynamics of H. armigera showed that the species was present on tobacco from the beginning of July (when plants produce flowers) until the end of tobacco vegetation. The population was the most numerous in August and reached its highest level of density on 20th August in both years. In field trials, were determined five predatory species that fed with young larvae of H. armigеrа: Chrysopa formosa (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae), Chrysopa perla (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae), Chrysopa carnea (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae), Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) and Adonia variegata (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). In the beginning of October on tobacco plants we found parasitized larvae of H. armigera. In laboratory conditions parasitized larvae ate less and ceased developing at their 4th stage- L4. In each parasitized larva was developed one parasite species of Hyposoter didymator (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). H. didymator is endoparasitoid wasp, and it lives on host tissues. According to field and laboratory trials during 2017/2018, all applied insecticides showed high efficacy in H. armigera control. The highest average mortality of 100% was caused by insecticides: Spinetoram, Indoxacarb and Emamectin. Flubendiamide had 97.5% efficiency in control of this pest, and the insecticide Metaflumizone 95.0%. This pest represents a significant challenge to tobacco filed and it produces high economic losses of tobacco seed each year. For the control of H. armigera, it is required constant monitoring of the lifecycle of the pest. One part of management strategy is to study parasitoids, predators and microorganisms and use them against H. armigera. Chemical control is still the most reliable and economic way of protecting tobacco crop from tobacco bollworm.

scholarly journals Trichogramma chilonis as Parasitoid: An Eco-friendly Approach Against Tomato Fruit Borer, Helicoverpa armigera

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
S. S. Abbas ◽  
M. F. Shahzad ◽  
Jamshaid Iqbal ◽  
Ayat Ullah ◽  
Asma Batool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Trichogramma Chilonis ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Fruit Borer

Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) is a major pest of several crops, e.g., Tomato, cotton, pigeon pea, and chickpea suffered by this insect in various parts of the worldwide. Trichocards as parasitoids regarding the different release levels of Trichogramma chilonis were used to evaluate the effectiveness against tomato fruit borer, Helicoverpa armigera as well as five insecticides with new chemistries were used to find out the comparative bio efficacy, which were relatively safer to human and environment, i.e., Capital plus (Beta-Cyfluthrin + Triazophos, 41.7% EC) 500 ml/Acre, Commando (Acephate, 97% DF) 62 g, Border (Profenofos + Lambda – Cyhalothrin, 61.5% EC) 500 ml/Acre, Polytrin C (Cypermethrin + Profenofos, 440 EC) 500 ml/Acre, Profit (Emamectin Benzoate, 1.9% EC & 90% Tech.) 500 ml/Acre. We also compared the insecticides with trichocards. There were 3 treatments, T1 Profit (Emamectin Benzoate, 1.9% EC & 90% Tech.) 500 ml/Acre, T2 (16000) of biological control agent (egg Parasitoid) and T3 (control plot). 16000 eggs of the parasitoid Trichogram chilonis, released per hectare were most effective in controlling tomato fruit borer. Out of the five insecticides tested, Border proved to be the best one, followed by Profit and Capital Plus in reducing the percent infestation of tomato by tomato fruit borer. In the third experiment, Profit gave best result followed by the Trichograma. chilonis cards with 16000 eggs per hectare. Among the tested insecticides, treatments sprayed with Border gave maximum yield (6179.0 kg/ha), followed by Profit & Polytrin C. Cost benefit ratio shows that highest net return (46.45 BCR) was obtained with Trichograma chilonis cards released plots followed by Profit. Trichocards are suggested for the controlling of Helicoverpa armigera as best substitute for insecticides. The use of trichocards practice have very effective role to protect the soil moreover, this practice may have significant role to protect the soil and save the natural resources from insecticides pollution.

​Screening of Pigeonpea Varieties through Nylon Bag No-choice Bioassay for Host Plant Resistance to Helicoverpa armigera

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.L. Jat ◽  
K.K. Dahiya ◽  
H.C. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Trichome Density ◽  
Larval Weight ◽  
Legume Pod Borer ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera

Background: The legume pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), is one of the most damaging crop pests, including pigeonpea. Host plant resistance is a component of pest management and therefore, we standardize a nylon bag No-Choice Bioassay technique to screen for resistance to H. armigera under field conditions. Methods: Pigeonpea plants were infested with 24 h old 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 larvae per plant inside the nylon bag. Observations were recorded on pod damage, larval survival, larval weight, pupation, adult emergence, and fecundity after 10 days. Result: Pigeonpea varieties AL-201, H03-41 and PAU-881 exhibited lower pod damage (15.89 to 19.77%) and larval weight (12.02 to 13.82 mg). The expression of resistance to H. armigera was associated with trichome density, pod wall thickness and higher amount of phenolic compounds and condensed tannins. Lower trichome density and thin pod walls and higher amounts of sugars rendered the varieties Paras, Manak and Pussa-992 more susceptible to H. armigera. Nylon bag assay can be used to screen and select pigeonpea cultivars for resistance to H. armigera.

Bioefficacy of new ready mixed insecticide (novaluron 5.25% + indoxacarb 4.5%SC) against pigeon pea pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner)

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ghosal ◽  
A. K. Dolai ◽  
M. L. Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Pea Pod

The effect of different treatment schedules of Novaluron 5.25% + Indoxacarb 4.5% SC against pod borer of pigeon pea gave superlative effect over the sole insecticide Novaluron & Indoxacarb & standard check Lamda-cyhalothrin; though, all the treated plots with chemicals were significantly superior in their performance over that of control plots. Among the three selected dose of Novaluron 5.25% + Indoxacarb 4.5% SC (750, 825, 875 ml ha<sup>–1</sup>); the said chemical @ 875 ml ha<sup>–1</sup> was recorded as best in managing <italic>Helicoverpa armigera</italic> population up to harvesting period (mean 0.03% infested pod of both years), while, @ 825 ml ha<sup>–1</sup> also recorded remarkable effect on the target pest. The maximum yield (23.40 q ha<sup>–1</sup>) was obtained from the plots treated with Novaluron 5.25% + Indoxacarb 4.5% SC @ 875 ml ha<sup>–1</sup> closely followed by @ 825 ml ha<sup>–1</sup> (22.98 q ha<sup>–1</sup>). The yield increase was also of high order. Highest cost-benefit ratio (2.07) was recorded in Novaluron 5.25% + Indoxacarb 4.5% SC @ 825 ml ha<sup>–1</sup> closely followed by @ 875 ml ha<sup>–1</sup>.

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