scholarly journals Mycoparasitic capabilities of diverse native strain of Trichoderma spp. against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 769-776
Author(s):  
Lakshman Prasad ◽  
Sorabh Chaudhary ◽  
Sushma Sagar ◽  
Akash Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Native Strain

The Fusarium wilt of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) Snyder and Hansen is recognised as one of the most devastating disease and major yield limiting factor in tomato growing regions worldwide. For eco-friendly and sustainable management of the disease, 19 Trichoderma native isolates belonging to 3 species of the genus, T. harzianum, T. asperellum and T. virens were evaluated in vitro against the pathogen using dual culture method. Out of 19 isolates, 8 isolates showed mycoparasitism, 8 isolates showed antibiosis and remaining showed lysis. Microscopic observations of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) growth in dual cultures revealed that growth inhibition occurred just before near to contact with the antagonist. All T. harzianum isolates tested exhibited coiling around the hyphae of FOL. Isolates of T. harzianum, showed good coiling and growth inhibition of the pathogen. The T. harzianum strains did not differ in coiling pattern and gave somewhat equal coiling performances. Strains of T. asperellum, showed coiling but the coiling pattern of all these strains was different. Only one strain of T. virens showed coiling out of 2 strains. Among them T. harzianum (SVPUTh91) showed the best performance in vitro as biological control agent against FOL followed by T. asperellum and T. virens, resulting in 83, 73 and 65% reduction in colony growth, respectively.

scholarly journals Penapisan Cendawan Trichoderma spp. untuk Pengendalian Phytophthora infestans secara in vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Susiana Purwantisari ◽  
Achmadi Priyatmojo ◽  
Retno Peni Sancayaningsih ◽  
Rina Sri Kasiamdari
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Suppressive Soil ◽  
Blight Disease

Late blight disease on potato caused by a plant pathogenic fungus (Phytophthora infestans)  is the most important disease in Indonesia.  The use of antagonist fungi Trichoderma is an environmentally friendly technology to control the potato disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of Trichoderma spp. to control P. infestans in vitro. Trichoderma spp. have been isolated from suppressive soil at central potato areas in district of Lembang, Bandung, West Java Province. To determine the inhibition ability of Trichoderma spp against P. infestans, a dual culture method was performed.  Variable observed was inhibition zone of Trichoderma spp. against P. infestans. The results showed that 9 isolates of Trichoderma were successfuly isolated from suppressive soil, i.e. T. viride (2 isolates), T. atroviride (1 isolate), T. harzianum (1 isolate) and T. aureoviride (5 isolates). All the Trichoderma isolates revealed growth inhibition abality against P. infestans and. The highest growth inhibition (68.6%) was observed by T. viride isolate ( Ti 9).

An Attempt at Biological Control of Blossom Blight of Rose Caused by Botrytis cinerea Using some Local Trichoderma spp. Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
G. Zadehdabagh ◽  
K. Karimi ◽  
M. Rezabaigi ◽  
F. Ajamgard
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Inhibitory Potential ◽  
Cut Rose

The northern of Khuzestan province in Iran is mainly considered as one of the major areas of miniature rose production. Blossom blight caused by Botrytis cinerea has recently become a serious limiting factor in rose production in pre and post-harvest. In current study, an attempt was made to evaluate the inhibitory potential of some local Trichoderma spp. strains against B. cinerea under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The in vitro results showed that all Trichoderma spp. strains were significantly able to reduce the mycelial growth of the pathogen in dual culture, volatile and non-volatile compounds tests compared with control, with superiority of T. atroviride Tsafi than others. Under in vivo condition, the selected strain of T. atroviride Tsafi had much better performance than T. harzianum IRAN 523C in reduction of disease severity compared with the untreated control. Overall, the findings of this study showed that the application of Trichoderma-based biocontrol agents such as T. atroviride Tsafi can be effective to protect cut rose flowers against blossom blight.

scholarly journals Suppression of Stem-End Rot on Avocado Fruit Using Trichoderma spp. in the Central Highlands of Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
E. K. Wanjiku ◽  
J. W. Waceke ◽  
J. N. Mbaka
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Postharvest Diseases ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Lasiodiplodia Theobromae

Demand for organic avocado fruits, together with stringent food safety standards in the global market, has made producers to use alternative, safe, and consumer-friendly strategies of controlling the postharvest fungal disease of avocado fruits. This study assessed the in vitro efficacy of Trichoderma spp. (T. atroviride, T. virens, T. asperellum, and T. harzianum) against isolated avocado stem-end rot (SER) fungal pathogens (Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Neofusicoccum parvum, Nectria pseudotrichia, and Fusarium solani) using a dual culture technique. The Trichoderma spp. were also evaluated singly on postharvest “Hass” avocado fruits. Spore suspension at 5 × 104 conidial/ml of the Trichoderma spp. was applied on the avocado fruits at three time points, twenty-four hours before the fungal pathogen (preinoculation), at the same time as the fungal pathogen (concurrent inoculation), and 24 hours after the fungal pathogen (postinoculation). In the in vitro study, T. atroviride showed the highest mycelial growth inhibition against N. parvum (48%), N. pseudotrichia (55%), and F. solani (32.95%), while T. harzianum had the highest mycelial growth inhibition against L. theobromae. Trichoderma asperellum was the least effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of all the pathogens. Similarly, T. virens showed the highest mycelial growth inhibition against N. pseudotrichia at 45% inhibition. On postharvest “Hass” fruits, T. atroviride showed the highest efficacy against N. parvum, N. pseudotrichia, and F. solani in all the applications. Trichoderma virens and T. harzianum were most effective against all the pathogens during postinoculation, while Lasiodiplodia theobromae was best controlled by T. virens, T. harzianum, and T. asperellum during postinoculation. Both T. atroviride and T. harzianum present a potential alternative to synthetic fungicides against postharvest diseases of avocado fruits, and further tests under field conditions to be done to validate their efficacy. The possibility of using Trichoderma spp. in the management of SER on avocado fruits at a commercial level should also be explored.

scholarly journals EKSPLORASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI CENDAWAN ANTAGONIS TERHADAP JAMUR AKAR PUTIH (Rigidoporus lignosus) PADA TANAMAN PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Ariska ◽  
Lola Adres Yanti ◽  
Chairudin Chairudin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Rigidoporus Lignosus ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) is a multipurpose plantation commodity crop that almost all parts of the plant have strategic economic value to be cultivated. In Indonesia there are the largest nutmeg commodity centers, including the Maluku islands, North Sulawesi and Aceh. The biggest problem with nutmeg plants is the attack of pests and diseases. One of the most severe diseases in nutmeg is white root mushroom (Rigidoporus lignosus). This study aims to 1) determine the fungus of white root fungus antagonists (Rigodoporus lignosus) from the Aceh nutmeg rhizosphere (Myristica fragrans Houtt), 2) identify the content of antibiotic fungus JAP antagonist compounds in Aceh nutmeg plants. The study was conducted by taking soil samples from nutmeg plants at three nutmeg plantations in South Aceh. The antagonist fungus isolation activity uses a dilution method. Isolation of JAP from infected roots using direct planting method. Furthermore, it is identified macroscopically and microscopically. The antagonist test was carried out using the dual culture method with RAL. From the rhizosphere in the nutmeg area, 5 candidate antagonist isolates were obtained, having high in vitro antagonism ability to the pathogen R. lignosus. Identification results showed that isolates 1, 2 and 3 were Trichoderma spp, and isolates 4 and 5 were Gliocladium virens. Keywords: In vitro, the content of antibiotic compounds, Aceh nutmeg, Rigidoporus lignosus, antagonistic test

scholarly journals MEKANISME PARASITISME TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM TERHADAP FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM PADA SEMAI ACACIA MANGIUM

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Susanti Tasik ◽  
Siti Muslimah Widyastuti ◽  
Harjono .
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Inhibition Mechanism ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Know How ◽  
Soil Borne Fungi

Mechanism of parasitism of Trichoderma harzianum on Fusarium oxysporum on Acacia mangium seedlings. Fusarium oxysporum is one of the most important soil-borne fungi the causal agent of damping-off disease. Detailed information it needed to know how the pathogen can be inhibited by Trichoderma harzianum. The objective of this research was to investigate the inhibition mechanism of T. harzianum on F. oxysporum in vitro and in planta. Green Flourescent Protein (GFP) T. harzianum was used as biocontrol agent of F. oxysporum. An in vitro inhibition test of T. harzianum was performed using dual culture method. In the in planta inhibition tests, seedlings of A. mangium were applied with GFP T. harzianum two days before inoculation of F. oxysporum; GFP T. harzianum was simultaneously applied with F. oxysporum and GFP T. harzianum was applied two days after inoculation of F. oxysporum. The inhibition effect of T. harzianum GFP was observed at seven days incubation, indicated by attachment of T. harzianum to F. oxysporum hyphae. GFP T. harzianum hyphae covered the colonies of F. oxysporum at 12 days after incubation. The highest life percentage of A. mangium seedlings was found on the treatment of GFP T. harzianum two days before inoculation of F. oxysporum (82.22%), whereas the lowest life percentage was found on seedling applied with GFP T. harzianum two days after inoculation of F. oxysporum (64.44%).

scholarly journals Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Trichoderma spp. from Rhizosphere Soil and Their Antagonistic Activity against Fusarium spp.

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Jaygendra Kumar ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Akash Tomar ◽  
. Vaishali ◽  
Pushpendra Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Species

Trichoderma species are well known for their biocontrol activity which colonize many soil and tuber-borne and foliage plant pathogens. In this study, 12 native isolates of Trichiderma spp were collected from various crop rhizosphere soil samples and characterized them phenotypically based on morphological and cultural features and genotypically based on sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region-PCR amplification. The results obtained from phenotypic and genotypic observation revealed that isolates were belonged to five different species namely T. asperellum, T. harzianum, T. longibrachiatum, T. koningii and T. koningiopsis. All Trichoderma isolates produced ~600 bp amplicon and phylogenetic analysis revealed that all isolates were grouped with respective species. Further, the antagonistic potential of all the isolates was evaluated against Fusarium spp. following in vitro dual culture method. The results showed that isolates of T. harzianum exhibited maximum growth inhibition activity. The highest rate of inhibition was recorded with T. harzianum isolate TBT6 (87.1%) followed by TBT7 (82.2%), while the least inhibition was observed in T. longibrachiatum isolate TBT10 (59.7%) after 7 days of incubation. The antagonistic T. harzianum isolate TBT6 can be used for development of Trichoderma based bio-formulation and served as bio-control agent against Fusaium spp. under field conditions.

scholarly journals Antagonisme Fungi Endofit Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas) terhadap Fusarium oxysporum C2 Penyebab Busuk Umbi pada Bawang Merah in Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Fauziyyah Nahdah ◽  
Noorkomala Sari ◽  
Akhmad Rizali ◽  
Rabiatul Wahdah
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Spss Software

<p class="Abstract">Basal plate rot is a major disease on shallot caused by <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em>. Endophytic fungi is promising to use as antagonist agent to the pathogen. Endophyte is microbes that are living in plant cells and have an asymptomatic characteristic. Nowadays, fungal endophyte is believed to produce antimicrobial substances similar with their plant host's natural product. <em>Jatropha curcas</em> is one of the plants containing secondary metabolites that have antifungal activities. The research aimed to study the ability of endophyte from <em>Jatropha curcas</em> to inhibit the growth of <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em>. The dual culture method was used in this research and the data were analyzed by SPSS software. This antagonism test was conducted by 9 isolates endophyte and each plate consisted of 3 replicates. The result revealed endophyte fungal obtaining 9 isolates with the radial growth of 4,5 cm/2 days. Endophytes of <em>Jatropha curcas</em> L. were able to inhibit the growth of <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> C2. The percentage of inhibition of <em>Fusarium oxysporum </em>causing of root blight diseases was controlled by up 38.27 - 74.48%. The highest percentage of inhibition is gained by B4b and the lowest of it is A2b. Our observations showed that each endophyte has a consistent linear trend. B4b still leaded as the highest strength to inhibit the growth of pathogen on the monitoring of 3, 5, and 7 days. Moreover, the ability of fungi endophyte from <em>Jatropha curcas</em> as antagonist agent to <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> needs to be further examined by the in vivo method.</p>

scholarly journals Native Trichoderma grown on oat grains controls damping-off and enhances height in soybean

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Alexandre Dinnys Roese ◽  
Gloria Soriano Vidal ◽  
Erica Camila Zielinski ◽  
Louise Larissa May De Mio
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Agrosilvopastoral Systems

ABSTRACT Trichoderma is a biological control agent used to improve the resistance to diseases, which may also estimulate plant growth. Commercial products with Trichoderma are available in different countries, but most of them are based on conidial suspension. This study aimed at evaluating the efficiency of native Trichoderma populations collected from different production systems and applied to the soil by using two methods: conidial suspension and inoculated oat grains. The efficiency of native Trichoderma populations collected from conventional crop and agropastoral and agrosilvopastoral systems in a long-term field experiment was evaluated. The populations efficiencies were evaluated by in vivo tests that assessed the control of soybean damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani, plant height and soil colonization with the antagonist. In vitro tests, such as dual culture and assessment of volatile and non-volatile compounds, were conducted to study the mode of action of the populations. Some native Trichoderma populations were as efficient as those from a commercial product in all tests. Compared to conidial suspension, Trichoderma spp. inoculated through oat grains promoted a greater damping-off control, higher plants and more colony-forming units per gram of soil after 3 months of application. Native populations performed equally well or even better than the commercial strain, and the use of a substrate that supports the Trichoderma growth was more efficient than the conidial suspension method.

scholarly journals Cladobotryum mycophilum as Potential Biocontrol Agent

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Mila Santos ◽  
Fernando Diánez ◽  
Alejandro Moreno-Gavíra ◽  
Brenda Sánchez-Montesinos ◽  
Francisco J. Gea
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent

A study was conducted to explore the efficacy of potential biocontrol agent Cladobotryum mycophilum against different phytopathogenic fungi. The growth rates of 24 isolates of C. mycophilum were determined, and their antagonistic activity was analysed in vitro and in vivo against Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum, Fusarium solani, Phytophthora parasitica, Phytophthora capsici, Pythium aphanidermatum and Mycosphaerella melonis. Most isolates grow rapidly, reaching the opposite end of the Petri dish within 72–96 h. Under dual-culture assays, C. mycophilum showed antagonistic activity in vitro against all phytopathogenic fungi tested, with mycelial growth inhibition ranging from 30 to 90% against all the different phytopathogens tested. Similarly, of all the selected isolates, CL60A, CL17A and CL18A significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the disease incidence and severity in the plant assays compared to the controls for the different pathosystems studied. Based on these results, we conclude that C. mycophilum can be considered as a potential biological control agent in agriculture. This is the first study of Cladobotryum mycophilum as a biological control agent for different diseases caused by highly relevant phytopathogens in horticulture.

scholarly journals ANTAGONISTIC TEST OF RIAU LOCAL FUNGAL ISOLATES AGAINST SOME PATHOGENIC IN CULTIVATED PLANTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
Nia Safitri ◽  
Atria Martina ◽  
Rodesia Mustika Roza
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Sp

Tanaman budi daya merupakan tanaman yang sering diserang oleh cendawan pathogen, sehingga mengakibatkan penurunan populasi dan produksi tanaman. Pengendalian hayati dengan cendawan antagonis merupakan salah satu metode yang paling efektif dan lebih ramah lingkungan dalam menekan pertumbuhan patogen tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antagonis cendawan isolat lokal Riau terhadap beberapa cendawan patogen pada tanaman budi daya. Uji antagonis dilakukan secara in vitro dengan metode dual culture menggunakan lima belas cendawan isolat lokal Riau terhadap Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici, Ganoderma philippii, G. boninense, Rigidoporus microporus dan Colletotrichum sansevieria. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Trichoderma sp. PNE 4 memiliki aktivitas antagonis tertinggi dan isolat FER C1 serta isolat LLB07 hanya memiliki aktivitas antagonis yang tinggi dalam menekan pertumbuhan cendawan patogen. Trichoderma sp. PNE 4 mampu menghambat pertumbuhan miselium F. oxysporum sebesar 85,30%, G. Philippii (100%), G. boninense (100%), dan C. sansevieria (100%). Isolat FER C1 hanya menghambat R. Microporus (50,39%) dan isolat LLB07 menghambat G. philippii (52,20%). Trichoderma sp. PNE 4 merupakan cendawan uji yang terpilih sebagai cendawan antagonis, karena memiliki kemampuan daya hambat  >70%.Abstract Cultivated plants are often attacked by pathogenic fungi resulting in a decline of population and crop production. Biocontrol with antagonistic fungi is one of the most effective and environmentally friendly methods in suppressing the growth of plant pathogens. This study aims to examine the antagonistic activity of local isolates fungi Riau against some pathogenic fungi on cultivated plants. The antagonistic test was performed in vitro by dual culture method using fifteen local isolates fungal Riau against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici, Ganoderma philippii, G. boninense, Rigidoporus microporus and Colletotrichum sansevieria. The results showed that Trichoderma sp. PNE 4 isolate exhibited highest activites and  FER C1 and LLB07 isolates exhibited high activities suppressed the growth of the fungal pathogen. Trichoderma sp. PNE 4 isolate inhibited mycelial growth F. oxysporum (85.30%), G. philippii (100%), G. boninense (100%) and C. sansevieria (100%). FER C1 isolate only inhibited R. microporus (50.39%), and LLB07 isolate inhibited G. philippii (52.20%). Trichoderma sp. PNE 4 isolate is test isolates as fungal antagonistic.

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