Formation of alfalfa leafiness by the phases of growth and development

The results of two-year studies (2017—2018) on the effect of the seeding rate and row spacing on the leafiness of alfalfa plants of different geographical origin carried out on the gray forest soils of the right-bank Forest-Steppe are presented. It is established that the variety of the southern breeding Angelica prevailed over the local variety Rosan by its leafiness by 0.5—1.6 % regardless of the phase of growth and development. The highest leafiness indices were obtained when the seeding rate was 8.0 million/ha, which amounted to 50.9—51.8 %. The row spacing provided the growth of the leaf mass by 0.2 %.

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Features of growth of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] plants depending on the width of rows and seeding rate in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Plant varieties studying and protection ◽

10.21498/2518-1017.17.2.2021.236521 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 139-145

Author(s):

L. A. Pravdyva

Keyword(s):

Growth And Development ◽

Growing Season ◽

Planting Density ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Density Reduction ◽

Leaf Surface Area ◽

The Right ◽

Intensive Growth

Purpose. To establish the optimal row spacing and sowing rate of sorghum seeds of grain varieties ‘Dniprovskyi 39’ and ‘Vinets’, to substantiate their influence on the growing season and biometric parameters of plants in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Results. The most intensive growth and development of sorghum plants was observed when sowing seeds with a row spacing of 45 cm and a seeding rate of 200 thousand pieces/ha. In particular, the duration of the growing season under such conditions was the smallest: 108 days for the ‘Dniprovskyi 39’ variety and 106 days for the ‘Vinets’ variety. At the same time, the indicators of field seeds germination, plant height and stem diameter were maximum in the experiment: ‘Dniprovskyi 39’ – 88.7%, 137.3 cm and 1.7 cm, ‘Vinets’ – 86.9%, 121.8 cm and 1.6 cm, respectively. It was found that an increase in seeding rate reduced indicators of productive tillering, leaf area and weight per plant. The most intense tillering of sorghum plants was observed at a seeding rate of 150 and 200 thousand pieces/ha for all the studied variants of the row spacing: on average, up to two panicles well filled with grain per plant, depending on the varietal characteristics. At the rate of 250 thousand pieces/ha, tillering of plants in both varieties was somewhat weaker – 1.0–1.1 panicles per plant. The largest indicators of leaf surface area and weight of one plant were with a row spacing of 45 cm: 1528–2320 cm2 and 169.2–185.6 g in the variety ‘Dniprovskyi 39’ and 1476–2180 cm2 and 143.1–162.3 g in the variety ‘Vinets’ depending on planting density. Reduction of row spacing up to 15 cm and its increase up to 70 cm led to a decrease in the main parameters of plant growth and development. Conclusions. Sorghum plants developed better when sown with a row spacing of 45 cm and a seeding rate of 200 thousand pieces/ha, which were recommended for growing crops in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.

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Effectiveness of bio-agents in soybean

Feeds and Feed Production ◽

10.31073/kormovyrobnytstvo201987-11 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 70-78

Author(s):

V. S. Zadorozhnyi ◽

V. V. Karasevych ◽

S. M. Svytko ◽

A. V. Labunets ◽

A. V. Kniaziuk

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Mineral Nutrition ◽

Forest Soils ◽

Scientific Research ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

The Right

As a result of the scientific research (2016—2018), it was established that in the conditions of the right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine it is appropriate to treat seeds with the agents Microhumin (200 mg per hectare seeding rate) + Biophosphorin (1.5 l/t) and spray crops with Gaupsin (4.0 l/ha) in the budding phase or treat seeds with Rhizobophite (2.0 l per hectare seeding rate) + Phytodoctor (1.0 l/t) and spray crops with Triсhodermine (2.0 l/ha), which ensures the rate of preserved soybean yield by 13—14 %, to improve mineral nutrition of soybean plants with nitrogen and phosphorus on gray forest soils and complex biological control of crops against major diseases, e.g. Peronospora manshurica Sydow., Septoria glycines T. Hemmi, Ascochyta sojaecola Abramov., and pests, e.g. Etiella zinckenella Tr., Adelphocoris linearolatus Goeze.

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Field germination and preservation of safower plants (Carthamus tinctorius L.) depending on the rowspacing width and seeding rate

Agrobìologìâ ◽

10.33245/2310-9270-2021-163-1-145-155 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 145-155

Author(s):

A. Rozhkov ◽

D. Demkov

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Limited Liability ◽

Carthamus Tinctorius ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Limited Liability Company ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Cultivation Technology ◽

Three Factor

Taking into account extremely important signifcance of feld germination and plant preservation for their growth and development, the level of cropping capacity and product quality, it is of interest to establish the dependencies of these indicators on the elements of cultivation technology that determine the level of competitive struggle in agrophytocenoses. The conducted research was aimed at determining the inﬂuence of various combinations of row-spacing width and seeding rate on the feld germination and the preservation of safower plants under conditions of the eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine with its typical frequent heat and drought during the spring-summer vegetation. The research was carried out during 2019–2020 on the felds of limited (liability) company “Kayari” Chuguievsky district of Kharkiv region. In a three-factor experiment, we studied two varieties of safower – Lahidny and Dobrynya, three variants of row-spacing width – 15, 30 and 45 cm, and fve variants of the seeding rate – 240 thousand pieces/ha, 270, 300, 330 and 360 thousand pieces/ha. Considerable diﬀerences in the main meteorological indicators in the years of research made it possible to more fully determine the eﬀect of row-spacing width and the seeding rate on the feld germination and plants survival of the studying safower varieties. Seeding rates in the studying range – from 240 to 360 thousand pieces/ha did not have a signifcant eﬀect on the change in the feld germination of safower seeds of both varieties. At the same time, there was a tendency to increase this indicator due to an increase in the seeding rate. In particular, on average for the varieties and the studying variants of row-spacing width, with an increase in the seeding rate from 240 to 360 thousand pieces/ha, the feld germination of safower seeds increased by 1.1 % – from 80.2 to 81.3 %. Preservation of safower plants of both varieties signifcantly decreased with an increase in the seeding rate from 330 to 360 thousand pieces/ha. In the range of the seeding rate from 240 to 330 thousand units/ha, only a statistically unproven tendency to reduce this indicator was noted. There was no considerable diﬀerence between the preservation indicators of safower plants on the variants with row-spacing of 15 and 30 cm. This indicates that on these variants of row-spacing width, variation of competition between plants depending on the seeding rate in the studying range does not lead to a signifcant decrease in plant preservation indicators. Key words: safower, variety, row-spacing width, seeding rate, plant preservation, feld germination.

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Peculiarities of growth and development and productivity of Savoy cabbage varieties (Brassica sabauda Lizg.) in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Scientific Papers of the Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet ◽

10.47414/np.29.2021.249243 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Z. I. Kovtuniuk ◽

H. Ya. Slobodianyk ◽

H. V. Ninova ◽

O. Yu. Polovynchuk

Keyword(s):

Growth And Development ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Production Department ◽

Head Formation ◽

National University ◽

Control Variant ◽

The Right ◽

Intensive Growth

Purpose. To establish the peculiarities of growth and development and formation of productivity of Savoy cabbage varieties (Brassica sabauda Lizg.) in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. The research was conducted in the Research and Production Department of Uman National University of Horticulture in the years 2018–2020. Varieties of savoy cabbage (‘Vertu 1340’ – control, ‘Sphere’, ‘Rozali’ and ‘Vertus’) were planted according to the scheme 70 × 40 cm (35.7 thousand plants/ha). Results. During the sowing of seeds (April 25) on cold ridges in a row method with a row spacing of 10 cm, mass shoots of Savoy cabbage were observed on average in early May (7–8 days), the beginning of head formation – in the middle of August, and their technical maturity in late September. Intensive growth of heads took place in the middle and late August and ended in late September. On average, over the years of research, the largest diameter of the head was observed in the cultivars ‘Vertu 1340’ – 18.7 cm, the smallest in the ‘Rosalie’ – 16.1 cm. at one level – 17.5 and 17.6 cm, respectively. The smallest in height at the level of the rosette and head were plants of the ‘Sphere’ and ‘Vertus’ varieties – 25.4 and 23.4 cm and 26.9 and 24.6 cm, respectively. The control variety ‘Vertu 1340’ was characterized by the highest indicators of height of both the rosette (40.7 cm) and the actual head (36.5 cm). Slightly lower rates were observed in the variety ‘Rosalie’ – 32.9 and 31.8 cm, respectively. The highest yields were formed by Savoy cabbage varieties ‘Vertus’ (53.1 t/ha) and ‘Sphere’ (51.8 t/ha), which exceeded the control variant by 7.4 and 6.1 t/ha, respectively (‘Vertu 1340’ – 45.7 t/ha). The least productive among the studied assortment was ‘Rosalie’ yielding 39.9 t/ha. Conclusions. When grown in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, the highest yields of marketable products are formed by Savoy cabbage varieties ‘Sphere’ and ‘Vertus’.

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Landscapes of loessial islands in high Novgorod-Siversky Polissia

Fundamental and Applied Soil Science ◽

10.15421/041906 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 31-33

Author(s):

S. V. Kanivets ◽

Yu. V. Zalavskiy ◽

V. V. Lebed

Keyword(s):

Forest Soils ◽

Large Scale ◽

Soil Cover ◽

River Valley ◽

Low Fertility ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Forest Zone ◽

Podzolic Soils ◽

Gray Forest Soils ◽

The Right

The territory of Novgorod-Siversky Polissia is characterized by natural conditions as a province of mixed forests, where soddy-podzolic soils of low fertility have formed on loamy sandy and sandy deposits. However, on the high plateau the Desna River valley right bank, there are Novgorod-Siversky and Ponornitsky loessial islands with fertile dark-colored soils (Opillia). They were formed in rather damp and cool conditions, which is natural for the forest zone. However, their landscapes by the property of the components have a forest-steppe nature. On the plateau, in the Novgorod-Siversky Opillia, eolian loessial is located, which led to the formation of dark gray podzolized soils and chernozems leached and podzolized mainly with a humus-degraded arable layer. On sufficiently large areas near localities Pontornytsya, Pokoshychi and Desnianske there was happened loessivation and silt-loam sandy. Fertile gray forest soils were formed here – a kind of Opillia region. During the large-scale survey and mapping of Ukraine's soils in 1957–1961, dark-colored soils of loessial islands were defined predominantly as dark gray podzolized. However, our recent studies have proved the widespread distribution of leached chernozems and podzolized opіlsky chernozems. On strongly eroded slopes of the right-bank native shores, we have remnants of the suboak forest, which indicate the forest-steppe nature of the landscapes. In virgin areas, unlike sandy areas, a thick bean-grass-mixed grass cover, including indicators of forest-steppe. The Opillia area with chernozems and other dark-colored soils is a major agrarian resource of the region. But gray forest soils also belong to the most valuable land in Polissia. On gray forest soils, cereal crops are grown by 4–5 centners per hectare higher than those on typical of the Polissia sod-podzolic soils. Loessial islands are common in southern part of Novgorod-Siversky Polissia, in particular, on the Desna River valley right bank. Landscapes are diverse in properties of components – the nature of loessial species, geological foundations, features of soil cover and relief. They are united by forest-steppe features of soil cover, the presence in the central part of Opilia – fertile dark-colored soils, including chernozems with signs of relic steppe phase in their development, meadow-steppe composition of herbaceous cover on virgin areas and the presence of remnants of the suboak forest. These are large fragments of the Forest-Steppe in Polissia, which have a high natural resource.

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PRODUCTIVITY OF ALFALFA DEPENDENT FROM VARIETY FEATURES AND HYDRO-THERMAL CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT BANK FOREST STEPPE

Agriculture and Forestry ◽

10.37128/2707-5826-2020-2-13 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 143-155

Author(s):

Nadiya Hetman ◽

Maksym Kvitko

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Growing Season ◽

Matter Content ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Green Mass ◽

The Right

The article presents the results of studies of the effect of seeding rates and row spacing on the forage productivity of different alfalfa ecotypes when mowing grass in the flowering stage. In the soil-climatic conditions of the right bank forest-steppe irrespective of the effect of abiotic and biotic factors during the growing season, high adaptability of alfalfa of the southern ecotype of the Angelica variety was established, which formed a stable crop of green mass at the optimal seeding rate (8,0 million/ha) and width 12,5 cm. For an average of two years of grass use, the varieties of alfalfa Rosana and Angelica provided a yield of green mass of 62,96-64,02 t/ha, which was 11,1-14,9% higher than for sowing with the norm of sowing 4,0 million/ha, and 6,3-7,1% with row spacing half (25,0 cm). It was found that in two years of use of alfalfa Angelica variety had higher dry matter content, compared with the variety of Rosana and were respectively 23,05 and 22,98%. There was a gradual decrease in the dry matter content with a thickening of the herbage in the Rosana variety from 23,32 to 22,72% and from the Angelica variety from 23,31 to 22,84%. As the row spacing increased from 12,5 to 25,0 cm, the solids content increased by 0,28-0,62%, or 22,74-22,84 and 23,12-23,36%. The crude protein content in the dry matter of alfalfa plants of both varieties differed by slopes and years of herb use. The highest content of crude protein was obtained in the dry matter for sowing with a row spacing of 12,5 cm, which averaged 21,10% in the Rosana variety and 20,23% in the Angelica variety or increased by 0,79-0,87%, compared to the row spacing of 25,0 cm. Thus, irrespective of the hydrothermal conditions during the growing season of the studied varieties of alfalfa sowing Rosana and Angelika, the average yield of dry matter at the level of 13,64-13,93 and 2,76-2,88 t/ha of crude protein at the width of row 12,5 cm. Key words: alfalfa, variety, flowering start, crude protein, dry matter, yield, green mass.

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