scholarly journals Features of growth of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] plants depending on the width of rows and seeding rate in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
L. A. Pravdyva
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Density Reduction ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
The Right ◽  
Intensive Growth

Purpose. To establish the optimal row spacing and so­wing rate of sorghum seeds of grain varieties ‘Dniprovskyi 39’ and ‘Vinets’, to substantiate their influence on the growing season and biometric parameters of plants in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Results. The most intensive growth and development of sorghum plants was observed when sowing seeds with a row spacing of 45 cm and a seeding rate of 200 thousand pieces/ha. In particular, the duration of the growing season under such conditions was the smallest: 108 days for the ‘Dniprovskyi 39’ variety and 106 days for the ‘Vinets’ variety. At the same time, the indicators of field seeds germination, plant height and stem diameter were maximum in the experiment: ‘Dniprovskyi 39’ – 88.7%, 137.3 cm and 1.7 cm, ‘Vinets’ – 86.9%, 121.8 cm and 1.6 cm, respectively. It was found that an increase in seeding rate reduced indicators of productive tillering, leaf area and weight per plant. The most intense tillering of sorghum plants was observed at a seeding rate of 150 and 200 thousand pieces/ha for all the studied variants of the row spacing: on average, up to two panicles well filled with grain per plant, depending on the varietal characte­ristics. At the rate of 250 thousand pieces/ha, tillering of plants in both varieties was somewhat weaker – 1.0–1.1 panicles per plant. The largest indicators of leaf surface area and weight of one plant were with a row spacing of 45 cm: 1528–2320 cm2 and 169.2–185.6 g in the variety ‘Dniprovskyi 39’ and 1476–2180 cm2 and 143.1–162.3 g in the variety ‘Vinets’ depending on planting density. Reduction of row spacing up to 15 cm and its increase up to 70 cm led to a decrease in the main parameters of plant growth and development. Conclusions. Sorghum plants developed better when sown with a row spacing of 45 cm and a seeding rate of 200 thousand pieces/ha, which were recommended for growing crops in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Formation of alfalfa leafiness by the phases of growth and development

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Kvytko
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Leaf Mass ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
The Right

The results of two-year studies (2017—2018) on the effect of the seeding rate and row spacing on the leafiness of alfalfa plants of different geographical origin carried out on the gray forest soils of the right-bank Forest-Steppe are presented. It is established that the variety of the southern breeding Angelica prevailed over the local variety Rosan by its leafiness by 0.5—1.6 % regardless of the phase of growth and development. The highest leafiness indices were obtained when the seeding rate was 8.0 million/ha, which amounted to 50.9—51.8 %. The row spacing provided the growth of the leaf mass by 0.2 %.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of growth and development and productivity of Savoy cabbage varieties (Brassica sabauda Lizg.) in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. I. Kovtuniuk ◽  
H. Ya. Slobodianyk ◽  
H. V. Ninova ◽  
O. Yu. Polovynchuk
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Production Department ◽  
Head Formation ◽  
National University ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
The Right ◽  
Intensive Growth

Purpose. To establish the peculiarities of growth and development and formation of productivity of Savoy cabbage varieties (Brassica sabauda Lizg.) in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. The research was conducted in the Research and Production Department of Uman National University of Horticulture in the years 2018–2020. Varieties of savoy cabbage (‘Vertu 1340’ – control, ‘Sphere’, ‘Rozali’ and ‘Vertus’) were planted according to the scheme 70 × 40 cm (35.7 thousand plants/ha). Results. During the sowing of seeds (April 25) on cold ridges in a row method with a row spacing of 10 cm, mass shoots of Savoy cabbage were observed on average in early May (7–8 days), the beginning of head formation – in the middle of August, and their technical maturity in late September. Intensive growth of heads took place in the middle and late August and ended in late September. On average, over the years of research, the largest diameter of the head was observed in the cultivars ‘Vertu 1340’ – 18.7 cm, the smallest in the ‘Rosalie’ – 16.1 cm. at one level – 17.5 and 17.6 cm, respectively. The smallest in height at the level of the rosette and head were plants of the ‘Sphere’ and ‘Vertus’ varieties – 25.4 and 23.4 cm and 26.9 and 24.6 cm, respectively. The control variety ‘Vertu 1340’ was characterized by the highest indicators of height of both the rosette (40.7 cm) and the actual head (36.5 cm). Slightly lower rates were observed in the variety ‘Rosalie’ – 32.9 and 31.8 cm, respectively. The highest yields were formed by Savoy cabbage varieties ‘Vertus’ (53.1 t/ha) and ‘Sphere’ (51.8 t/ha), which exceeded the control variant by 7.4 and 6.1 t/ha, respectively (‘Vertu 1340’ – 45.7 t/ha). The least productive among the studied assortment was ‘Rosalie’ yielding 39.9 t/ha. Conclusions. When grown in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, the highest yields of marketable products are formed by Savoy cabbage varieties ‘Sphere’ and ‘Vertus’.

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVITY OF ALFALFA DEPENDENT FROM VARIETY FEATURES AND HYDRO-THERMAL CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT BANK FOREST STEPPE

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
Nadiya Hetman ◽  
Maksym Kvitko
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The Right

The article presents the results of studies of the effect of seeding rates and row spacing on the forage productivity of different alfalfa ecotypes when mowing grass in the flowering stage. In the soil-climatic conditions of the right bank forest-steppe irrespective of the effect of abiotic and biotic factors during the growing season, high adaptability of alfalfa of the southern ecotype of the Angelica variety was established, which formed a stable crop of green mass at the optimal seeding rate (8,0 million/ha) and width 12,5 cm. For an average of two years of grass use, the varieties of alfalfa Rosana and Angelica provided a yield of green mass of 62,96-64,02 t/ha, which was 11,1-14,9% higher than for sowing with the norm of sowing 4,0 million/ha, and 6,3-7,1% with row spacing half (25,0 cm). It was found that in two years of use of alfalfa Angelica variety had higher dry matter content, compared with the variety of Rosana and were respectively 23,05 and 22,98%. There was a gradual decrease in the dry matter content with a thickening of the herbage in the Rosana variety from 23,32 to 22,72% and from the Angelica variety from 23,31 to 22,84%. As the row spacing increased from 12,5 to 25,0 cm, the solids content increased by 0,28-0,62%, or 22,74-22,84 and 23,12-23,36%. The crude protein content in the dry matter of alfalfa plants of both varieties differed by slopes and years of herb use. The highest content of crude protein was obtained in the dry matter for sowing with a row spacing of 12,5 cm, which averaged 21,10% in the Rosana variety and 20,23% in the Angelica variety or increased by 0,79-0,87%, compared to the row spacing of 25,0 cm. Thus, irrespective of the hydrothermal conditions during the growing season of the studied varieties of alfalfa sowing Rosana and Angelika, the average yield of dry matter at the level of 13,64-13,93 and 2,76-2,88 t/ha of crude protein at the width of row 12,5 cm. Key words: alfalfa, variety, flowering start, crude protein, dry matter, yield, green mass.

scholarly journals VARIETY RESOURCES OF ALFALFA IN THE INTENSIFICATION OF FIELD FEED PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Nadiia Hetman
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
The Third ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
The Right

In the soil and climatic conditions of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe, regardless of the action of abiotic and biotic factors during the growing season, high adaptability of alfalfa was established for different geographical origins, namely the natural zone of the Forest-Steppe, Polissya, Steppe Ukraine and Serbia. It was found that under the weather conditions of 2016 year alfalfa varieties reacted differently to changes in temperature and moisture during the growing season. It is important to note the effectiveness of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers applied directly to alfalfa coverless method of sowing. In the year of sowing, alfalfa formed a powerful herbage and provided two slopes with a yield of green mass at the level of 20,13-29,80 t/ha with a dry matter yield of 4,80-6,69 t/ha. For the second year of vegetation, alfalfa was carried out according to the regimes, which considered the phases of growth and development (budding, beginning of flowering and flowering). In the first mode of cutting management (all slopes in the budding phase) it is advisable to identify three varieties of Unitro, Nasoloda and Rosana, which provided a gross dry matter of 10,41-10,48 and 2,29-2,31 t/ha of crude protein. The productivity of alfalfa increased with late term cutting - at the beginning of flowering and a combination of slopes (3rd mode). The dry matter yield was 11,40-12,62 and 2,35-2,51 t/ha of crude protein (second regime) and the indicators increased under the third regime, especially dry matter 13,58-15,80 t/ha and decreased to 2,37-2,41 t/ha of crude protein. The increase in dry matter of the second mode increased by 9,5-23,1% and crude protein by 2,6-20,5%, and in the third mode of use of alfalfa it was 2,3-11,2%, compared to the mode of mowing the grass in the budding phase. During the third year of vegetation under favorable agroecological conditions for growth and development of alfalfa plants, the studied varieties provided four slopes regardless of the mode of use of grass with a dry matter yield of 15,43-20,58 and 3,21-4,02 t/ha of crude protein. During the second and third years of vegetation from the studied modes of use of alfalfa grass for fodder purposes, the highest yield of crude protein 5,27-6,53 t/ha varieties provided for the alienation of crops at the beginning of the flowering phase, which was on average 6,0-7,1% higher than when mowing all slopes in the budding phase and a combination of slopes in the phases of growth and development (3rd mode). Thus, in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of the right bank on gray forest soils alfalfa, regardless of geographical origin, adapted to growing conditions and provided stable productivity indicators regardless of the regime of grass use with observance of elements of cultivation technology.

scholarly journals Field germination and preservation of safower plants (Carthamus tinctorius L.) depending on the rowspacing width and seeding rate

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
A. Rozhkov ◽  
D. Demkov
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Three Factor

Taking into account extremely important signifcance of feld germination and plant preservation for their growth and development, the level of cropping capacity and product quality, it is of interest to establish the dependencies of these indicators on the elements of cultivation technology that determine the level of competitive struggle in agrophytocenoses. The conducted research was aimed at determining the influence of various combinations of row-spacing width and seeding rate on the feld germination and the preservation of safower plants under conditions of the eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine with its typical frequent heat and drought during the spring-summer vegetation. The research was carried out during 2019–2020 on the felds of limited (liability) company “Kayari” Chuguievsky district of Kharkiv region. In a three-factor experiment, we studied two varieties of safower – Lahidny and Dobrynya, three variants of row-spacing width – 15, 30 and 45 cm, and fve variants of the seeding rate – 240 thousand pieces/ha, 270, 300, 330 and 360 thousand pieces/ha. Considerable differences in the main meteorological indicators in the years of research made it possible to more fully determine the effect of row-spacing width and the seeding rate on the feld germination and plants survival of the studying safower varieties. Seeding rates in the studying range – from 240 to 360 thousand pieces/ha did not have a signifcant effect on the change in the feld germination of safower seeds of both varieties. At the same time, there was a tendency to increase this indicator due to an increase in the seeding rate. In particular, on average for the varieties and the studying variants of row-spacing width, with an increase in the seeding rate from 240 to 360 thousand pieces/ha, the feld germination of safower seeds increased by 1.1 % – from 80.2 to 81.3 %. Preservation of safower plants of both varieties signifcantly decreased with an increase in the seeding rate from 330 to 360 thousand pieces/ha. In the range of the seeding rate from 240 to 330 thousand units/ha, only a statistically unproven tendency to reduce this indicator was noted. There was no considerable difference between the preservation indicators of safower plants on the variants with row-spacing of 15 and 30 cm. This indicates that on these variants of row-spacing width, variation of competition between plants depending on the seeding rate in the studying range does not lead to a signifcant decrease in plant preservation indicators. Key words: safower, variety, row-spacing width, seeding rate, plant preservation, feld germination.

scholarly journals Control of the number of weeds in crops of grain sorghum and their effect on the growth and development of plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (98) ◽  
pp. 182-191
Author(s):  
Pravdyva L. A.
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Environment Analysis ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
The Right

In Ukraine, grain sorghum is considered a valuable crop, as it is used in the food industry, in fodder production and in the energy industry, and control of the number of weeds in crops is extremely important. The aim of the research was to establish the influence of methods for controlling the number of weeds on the growth and development of grain sorghum plants in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field — to study the biological, ecological features of growth and devel¬opment of productivity and quality of culture (ob¬servation, obtaining correlations), laboratory — to identify the relationship between plant and the environment (analysis of plants and soil); generalization — to establish the general properties and characteristics of objects; mathematical and statistical — to process experimental data to increase the validity of conclusions. Results. Weed infestation and the use of various methods of controlling the number of weeds influenced the growth and development of plants, namely: in the variant with high infestation, the growing season was the longest – 121–124 days, the plant height was 39–77 cm in the Dnіprovskiy 39 variety, and 72 cm in the Vіnets variety. cm, the number of productive stems was 12.6 pcs/m2 in varieties Dnіprovsky 39 and 12.3 pcs/m2 in varieties Vіnets, leaf surface area 1 plant and plant weight had low indicators as in variety Dnіprovsky 39 (1053.2 cm2 and 973 g/m2) and in varieties Vіnets (1017.3 cm2 and 912 g/m2), other methods of controlling the number of weeds were observed significantly better growth and development of grain sorghum plants. Conclusions. In the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, the quantitative and species composition of weeds in crops of grain sorghum was studied. In the crops of grain sorghum, mainly monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous types of weeds prevailed. Their average number was 101.0 pcs/m2, their air-dry weight was 158 g/m2. It was found that the high efficiency of weed control was observed in the variant with manual weeding by almost 97 %, in the variant with the mechanical and chemical methods, the efficiency was from 76 to 79 %. On the variant with biological weediness (control), the amount of weeds increased by almost 10 %.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF BRASSICA RAPA'S GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT, DEPENDING ON THE TERRITORY OF SOWING THE SEED

2019 ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Serhii Vdovenko
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
The Third ◽  
Golden Ball ◽  
And Control

In order to study the effect of the time of sowing seeds on the passage of morphogenesis and productivity of rapeseed, the scheme included experiments where the seeds were sown in I, II, III in April, I and II in May. The experiment used varieties of Golden Ball, Purpurleopop, Purpurov and Geisha, and control was the variant in which the seeds of the Golden Ball varieties were sown in the second decade of April with a row spacing of 45 cm. laboratory - to determine the total yield; statistical - to establish the reliability of the investigated factors. Seed germination analysis used in the experiment ranged from 78.9% to 81.1% on average. The highest indicator of seed germination was characterized by the Purpulepop variety, where the studied value was 83.2%, which was dominated by the seed germination of the control variant by 2.1%. In the early stages of sowing seeds, the period of seedling formation was shorter. Seeding of seeds in the first two decades of April on the surface of the soil was observed for 8 days. The short sprouting period was characterized by all varieties of turnips. As a result of sowing turnip seeds at a later date, namely in the third decade of April - the first and second decade of May and the setting of a higher soil temperature, the period of germination was extended and ranged from 8 to 10 days. By using the term of sowing seeds I-II decade of April, the short interphase period was characterized by Purpleupop and Purpurova varieties, where the specified period was only 22 days. The sowing of turnip seeds at a later date ensured the formation of an interphase period of "seedlings - leaf rosette" in 23-25 days except Purpulopop variety. The interphase period "leaf rosette - the beginning of rooting" and "the beginning of rooting - technical maturity" determined the benefits of early seeding, namely in the first decade of April on varieties Purpulopop and Purpurov.The short vegetation period was characterized by the Golden Ball plants for sowing seeds in the first and third decades of April and the first of May. During the specified seeding period the duration of the growing season was only 40 days. A longer vegetation period was characterized by plants of the Geisha variety for sowing seeds in the first two decades of April. As a result of the use of the researched elements of technology to grow turnips in open soil, the total yield varied from 11.0 t / ha to 24.0 t / ha. The most productive is the first sowing of rapeseed, where its value ranged from 20.6 t / ha to 22.7 t / ha. At the same time, when sowing seeds in the first decade of April, the yield of turnip varieties Purpulepop was the highest and was 22.7 t / ha, or the increase was 2.4 t / ha.

scholarly journals SPECIFICS OF LANDSCAPE RESEARCH OF SILVICULTURAL LANDSCAPE

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Denysyk H.I. ◽  
Kanskyi V.S. ◽  
Hryshko S.V. ◽  
Stefankov L.I.
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Anthropogenic Landscapes ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Right ◽  
Landscape Ecological ◽  
North Western

Specific approaches, principles and methods of cognition of modern silvicultural landscapes are considered; it is stated that due to the fact that the difference between natural and anthropogenic silvicultural landscapes is only in their genesis, in the process of studying silvicultural landscapes, both classical and specific approaches, principles and methods can be used. Among the specific approaches, the historical-cartographic one with the inherent principles of historicism and methods of historical-genetic series of maps, historical-archaeological method is considered in more detail; system-adaptive with the principle of combination and methods of comparison of natural analogues and analysis of final results; landscape-biocoenotic and landscape-ecological with the methods of the leading factor, comparison of disturbed and control biogeocenoses and arealographic, as well as geoinformation approach in the knowledge of silvicultural landscapes. It is shown that all approaches, principles and methods of knowledge of forest anthropogenic landscapes should be applied depending on the available conditions and needs of practice. However, in the process of field research, landscape-biocoenotic and landscape-ecological approaches with their own principles and methods of cognition of forest anthropogenic landscapes were more often used. It is shown that in its implementation landscape scientists not only have the right, but also the obligation to use the rich experience of foresters. It is advisable to characterize the stand in the following order: dominant species by tiers (in tree, shrub and grass), quality, age, height of trees – in meters, trunk diameter – in cm, planting density. In abbreviated form, information about the forest tract is presented in the form of a kind of formula. These approaches, principles and methods were applied in the process of studying the forest anthropogenic landscapes of two regions of Ukraine – Podillia (Forest-Steppe Zone) and North-Western Pryazovia (Steppe Zone). The expediency and necessity of their application are substantiated in the process of dissertation research and confirmed by practice.Key words: Podillia, North-Western Pryazovia, research, silvicultural landscapes, approaches, principles, methods, significance, use. Розглянуто специфічні підходи, принципи і методи пізнання сучасних лісокультурних ланд-шафтів. Зазначено, що у зв’язку з тим, що між натуральними й антропогенними лісовими ландшафтами різниця лише у їх ґенезі, отже, у процесі дослідження лісокультурних ландшафтів можна застосовувати як класичні, так і специфічні підходи, принципи та методи. Серед специфічних під-ходів детальніше розглянуто історико-картографічний з притаманними йому принципами істо-ризму та методами історико-генетичних рядів карт, історико-археологічним методом; системно-адаптивний з принципом сумісництва та методами порівняння натуральних аналогів і аналізу кінцевих результатів; ландшафтно-біоценотичний та ландшафтно-екологічний з методами провідного чинника, порівняння порушених і контрольних біогеоценозів та ареалографічного, а також геоінформаційний підхід у пізнанні лісокультурних ландшафтів. Показано, що всі підходи, принципи і методи пізнання лісових антропогенних ландшафтів необхідно застосовувати залежно від наявних умов та потреб практики. Однак у процесі польових досліджень частіше використовували ландшафтно-біоценотичний і ландшафтно-екологічний підходи з належними їм принципами і методами пізнання лісових антропогенних ландшафтів. У цих підходах у разі картографування лісокультурних урочищ, крім характеристики рельєфу й властивостей ґрунтів, вагоме значення має аналіз деревостану. Показано, шо у його здійсненні ландшафтознавці не лише мають право, але й зобов’язані використовувати багатий досвід лісознавців. Характеристику деревостану доцільно проводити у такому порядку: домінуючі види за ярусами (в деревному, кущовому та трав’яному), бонітет, вік, висота дерев – у метрах, діаметр стовбура – у см, щільність насадження. У скороченому вигляді інформація про лісокультурне урочище представлена у вигляді своєрідної формули. Ці підходи, принципи і методи застосовано у процесі дослідження лісових антропогенних ландшафтів двох регіонів України – Поділля (Лісостепова зона) і Північно- Західного Приазов’я (Степова зона). Доцільність та необхідність їх застосування обґрунтовано у процесі дисертаційних досліджень та підтверджено практикою.Ключові слова: Поділля, Північно-Західне Приазов’я, дослідження, лісокультурні ландшафти, підходи, принципи, методи, значимість, використання.

scholarly journals Growth and development of miscantus giganteus plants depending on the nutrition background the Right-bank Forest steppe of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Y. Fedoruk ◽  
◽  
V. Khakhula ◽  
L. Herasymenko ◽  
R. Browne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF THE PREPARATION ROSTMOMENT ON SUNFLOWER CROPS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE RIGHT-BANK

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Ivan Polishchuk ◽  
Mykhailo Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Formation Phase

The results of the use of a yeast preparation on sunflower crops for 2016-2017 have been presented. A positive effect of the researched preparation on the growth and development of sunflower crops of the Neoma hybrid has been established. The preparation Rostmoment increased the height of sunflower plants with a single treatment by 6 cm, and with a two-time treatment of crops by 11 cm, the diameter of the baskets increased by 2.0 cm and 6.3 cm, respectively, against untreated crops. The mass of thousand achenes has been increased by 0.7 g with a single treatment and 2.2 g with a double treatment. The oil content during one-time processing in the basket formation phase was 50.7%, when used twice in the phase of flowering, 51.9%, while in the control its content was 49.2%. Weather conditions in the years of the study significantly affected the productivity of the sunflower of Neom hybrid, especially in terms of moisture supply, and the best conditions for the study of the crop were in 2016, where 209 mm fell during the growing season. precipitation with a uniform distribution. The temperature regime of air on average over the period of sunflower vegetation was 16.5 ºС. The weather conditions of 2017 significantly differed in the amount of precipitation, their distribution and temperature regime, versus 2016. Thus, in 2017, 374 mm of rain fell in the form of prolonged and heavy rainfall, which were unevenly distributed over the decades and months. Such weather conditions caused alternation of excessive moisture and drought during certain periods of growth and development of sunflower plants of the Neoma hybrid, while the average air temperature was 16.2° C. Under such extreme conditions of vegetation periods in the years of research, on average for two years, the yield of sunflower seeds on an untreated experiment was 3.32 t / ha and oil yield 1.64 t / ha. The 2016 yield was slightly higher, 3.43 t / ha and an oil yield of 1.43 t / ha. The use of Rostmoment during a one-time treatment in the basket formation phase led to an increase in yield over two years, which amounted to 3.63 t / ha, and in 2016 - 3.82 t / ha. The use of the studied drug even in the phase of the beginning of flowering contributed to an increase in the yield of seeds in two years to 3.89 t / ha, and in a more favourable 2016 - 4.02 t / ha. The average oil yield per hectare over two years for a one-time treatment of plants was 1.87 t / ha, and for a two-time treatment it was 2.02 t / ha, whereas in 2016 these figures were respectively 1.96 and 2.11 t / ha. The research having been conducted for two years indicated the positive effect of the yeast preparation Rostmoment on sunflower crops, which positively influenced the growth and development of the crops and increased the productivity of the Neoma hybrid in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe. The obtained results are of practical value and can be used by producers in the development and application of technologies for the cultivation of sunflower for increasing the productivity of crops and the ecological state of the agroecosystem. The preparation Rostmoment must be introduced into vegetation plants in the basket formation phase and in the phase of the beginning of the sunflowers’ blossoming, normally 4 kg per 300 l of water per 1 ha of sowing. Key words: sunflower, hybrid, Rostmoment, plant height, basket diameter, oil content, yield, weight of 1000 seeds, oil yield.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document