Assessment of occupational intoxication with aromatic hydrocarbons of the blood of oil and gas industry workers in modern conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 822-827
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Nurislamova ◽  
Tatyana S. Ulanova ◽  
Olga A. Mal'tseva ◽  
Tatyana V. Chinko
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Gas Processing ◽  
Class 1

The oil and gas sector is an essential part of the technical and economic complex of the Russian Federation. The most significant hygienic significance in the oil and gas processing industry is the chemical factor, represented by a complicated complex of harmful substances of hazard class 1-4 with different effects on the body. The study aims to assess the content of benzene and its homologs in the blood of workers of the oil and gas processing industry due to the industrial exposure of chemical factors for five and more than 20 years. Materials and methods. Researchers carried out whole blood samples of 380 oil and gas processing industry workers. They selected two groups for comparison: the main groups of professions (observation group, n=290) and workers not employed in the technological process (comparison group, n=90). During the survey, the scientists have found that with an increase in work experience in the industry up to 10 years, the average group content of toluene, o-xylene, and p,-m-xylene in the blood of workers of the main groups of professions increased from 0.00075 mcg/cm3, 0.00028 mcg/cm3, and 0.00006 mcg/cm3, respectively, to 0.00083 mcg/cm3, 0.00039 mcg/cm3 and 0.00013 mcg/cm3 with more than 20 years of experience in the industry. Those working in the industry in contact with arenas for five and more than 20 years have an increase in the content of cyclic organic compounds in the blood up to 2 times, with an increase in the percentage of blood samples from workers of the primary professions with the content of toluene, o-xylene, and p,-m-xylene up to 83%, 26%, and 13%, respectively. This position confirms the established linear relationships and indicators of the correlation between the content of benzene and o-xylene in the blood of workers of the leading professions and work experience. Workers interacting with risk factors for more than 20 years may get occupational diseases (R2=0.82). With a work experience of more than 20 years, the concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons in workers' blood is 1.5-2 times higher relative to the group of workers not engaged in the technological process. Under experimental studies, we established a correlation between the level of aromatic hydrocarbons (hazard class 1-3 with unidirectional effects on the body) in the blood and work experience in the industry. It is pretty apparent the need to introduce biomonitoring in production to assess the complex intake of substances into the body of workers.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL AND GRAMMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RUSSIAN TERMS OF THE TERMSYSTEM “OIL AND GAS PROCESSING”

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Ирина Олеговна Краевская
Keyword(s):  
Term Structure ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Gas Processing ◽  
The Russian Language

Введение. Рассматриваются основные структурно-грамматические характеристики терминов отрасли «Нефтегазопереработка» на материале русского языка. Неизученность и неупорядоченность терминосистемы данной отрасли актуализируют настоящее исследование. На сегодняшний день очистка сырой нефти и природного газа является перспективным направлением не только в России, но и в других странах, добывающих данные ресурсы, поскольку от эффективности процессов переработки зависит качество получаемых нефте- и газопродуктов. Более полное понимание структуры терминов данной сферы оказывает положительное влияние на становление русскоязычной научной картины мира, а также повышает уровень компетентности отечественных переводчиков. Цель статьи – выявление закономерностей синтаксического образования терминов ранее не изучавшейся сферы. Для этого требуется рассмотреть частеречную принадлежность компонентов, входящих в состав терминов, и описать структурные модели. Материал и методы. Материалом исследования послужило учебное пособие Г. В. Тараканова «Основные термины в нефтегазопереработке. Краткий справочник», а также диссертация Е. Б. Кривцова «Превращения сернистых соединений и ароматических углеводородов дизельных фракций нефтей в процессах окислительного обессеривания», книга Л. Н. Багдасарова «Популярная нефтепереработка», работа «Исследование состояния и перспектив направлений переработки нефти и газа, нефте- и газохимии в РФ». Основу методологии составляет традиционное терминоведение. Результаты и обсуждение. В исследуемой терминосистеме выявлено 15 моделей, среди которых одна однословная модель, пять двухсловных, шесть трехсловных и три четырехсловных. Наиболее частотны однословные термины-существительные и двухсловные терминологические сочетания, построенные по модели «Adj + N». Трехсловные и четырехсловные термины образуются на базе двухсловных словосочетаний. Заключение. Наблюдается прямая зависимость продуктивности структурных моделей образования терминов от процессов синтаксического словообразования общенационального языка. Несмотря на большое количество полисемичных терминов в исследуемой сфере, представляется возможным отметить тенденцию к конкретизации семантики за счет ввода компонентов-атрибутов в структуру терминов. Находящаяся на стыке нескольких наук терминология отрасли «Нефтегазопереработка» движется от краткости терминов к их точности. Introduction. The paper focuses on the main structural and grammatical characteristics of the “Oil and Gas Processing” industry terms based on the material of the Russian language. The “Oil and Gas Processing” term system low exploration degree and disordering update the current study. Today, the refining of crude oil and natural gas is a promising area not only in Russia but also in other countries that extract these resources, since the quality of oil and gas products depends on the refining processes efficiency. A more complete understanding of the structure of terms in this field has a positive impact on the formation of the Russian-language scientific picture of the world, and also improves the professional qualities of domestic translators. Aim and objectives. The current paper aims to reveal the patterns of terms syntactic formation of a previously unexplored sphere. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to consider the content word of the term components and describe the structural models. Material and methods. The materials for research are “Basic terms in oil and gas processing. Brief reference book” by Gennadiy Tarakanov, “Transformations of sulfur compounds and aromatic hydrocarbons of oils diesel fractions in the processes of oxidative desulfurization” by Evgeniy Krivtsov, “Popular oil refining” by Leonid Bagdasarov, “Study of the state and prospects of oil and gas refining, oil and gas chemistry in the Russian Federation”. Traditional terminology studies form a methodology basis. Results and discussion. We identify 15 models in the studied term system. There are 1 one-word model, 5 twoword, 6 three-word, and 3 four-word ones. Single-word nouns and two-word terminological combinations constructed according to the “Adj + N” model are the most frequent. Three-word and four-word terms are formed based on twoword phrases. Conclusion. The productivity of term structure models directly depends on the syntactic word-formation processes of a national language. Despite a large number of polysemic terms in the studied field, it seems possible to note a tendency toward the concretization of semantics by complexing the term structure with attributes. The Oil and Gas Processing industry has adapted terms from several sciences, but now its terminology moves from the shortness of terms to their accuracy.

ON THE NEED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYGIENIC STANDARDS (MACs) IN THE WATER AND AIR OF THE WORKING AREA FOR PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Kh. Kh. Khamidulina ◽  
E. V. Tarasova ◽  
A. S. Proskurina ◽  
A. R. Egiazaryan ◽  
I. V. Zamkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Perfluorooctanoic Acid ◽  
Stockholm Convention ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
The Russian Federation

Currently, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has no hygienic standards in the air of the working area and objects of the human environment in the Russian Federation. By the decision of the Stockholm Convention SC-9/12, PFOA, its salts and derivatives are included in Part I of Annex A of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants in 2019 (with exceptions for possible use). The Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade included PFOA, its salts and derivatives in the list of potential candidates for inclusion in Annex III of the Rotterdam Convention at the next meeting COP10 in 2021. The use of this chemical on the territory of the Russian Federation entails water and air pollution. Industrial emissions and waste water from fluoropolymer production, thermal use of materials and products containing polytetrafluoroethylene, biological and atmospheric degradation of fluorotelomer alcohols, waste water from treatment facilities are the sources of the release of PFOA into the environment. Analysis of international databases has showed that PFOA is standardized in the air of the working area in Germany, Japan, and Switzerland. In the countries of the European Union, as well as the USA and Canada, the issue of PFOA standardizing in drinking water is being now actively under discuss. Taking into account the high toxicity and hazard of the substance and the serious concern of the civil society of the Russian Federation, the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing requested the Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances to develop MACs for perfluorooctanoic acid in the air of the working area and water as soon as possible. The MACs for PFOA have been proposed using risk analysis: 0,005 mg/m3, aerosol, hazard class 1 – in the air of the working area and 0,0002 mg/L, the limiting hazard indicator – sanitary-toxicological, hazard class 1 – in the water.

The calculation of required fire resistance limits for engineering structures of technological pipe racks at oil and gas processing plants on the basis of an evaluation of the time needed for personnel evacuation and rescue in case of fire

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Shebeko ◽  
Yu. N. Shebeko ◽  
A. V. Zuban
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Probabilistic Method ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Gas Processing ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
The One ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Rescue Time

Introduction. GOST R 12.3.047-2012 standard offers a methodology for determination of required fire resistance limits of engineering structures. This methodology is based on a comparison of values of the fire resistance limit and the equivalent fire duration. However, in practice incidents occur when, in absence of regulatory fire resistance requirements, a facility owner, who has relaxed the fire resistance requirements prescribed by GOST R 12.3.047–2012, is ready to accept its potential loss in fire for economic reasons. In this case, one can apply the probability of safe evacuation and rescue to compare distributions of fire resistance limits, on the one hand, and evacuation and rescue time, on the other hand.A methodology for the identification of required fire resistance limits. The probabilistic method for the identification of required fire resistance limits, published in work [1], was tested in this study. This method differs from the one specified in GOST R 12.3.047-2012. The method is based on a comparison of distributions of such random values, as the estimated time of evacuation or rescue in case of fire at a production facility and fire resistance limits for engineering structures.Calculations of required fire resistance limits. This article presents a case of application of the proposed method to the rescue of people using the results of full-scale experiments, involving a real pipe rack at a gas processing plant [2].Conclusions. The required fire resistance limits for pipe rack structures of a gas processing plant were identified. The calculations took account of the time needed to evacuate and rescue the personnel, as well as the pre-set reliability of structures, given that the personnel evacuation and rescue time in case of fire is identified in an experiment.

THERMAL NEUTRALIZATION OF CARBON-CONTAINING SLUDGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
D. YU. UMANSKY ◽  
◽  
M. V. VASINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Resinous Substance ◽  
Oil Fractions ◽  
Petroleum Distillates

Acid tar is a resinous substance, which in most cases has a viscous structure. They are obtained as a result of sulfuric acid purification of petroleum distillates, oil residues, in the production of sulfonate additives, in the sulfonation and purification of oils, paraffins, kerosene and gas oil fractions and other petroleum products from aromatic hydrocarbons. Until recently, this type of waste was temporarily accumulated in specially designated areas - acid tar storage ponds, which were located near the oil refinery, which had a significant impact on the environment. The paper considers the process of formation of acid tar on the example of the production of sulfonate additives. The composition of the mixture of acid tar and sulfonate sludge was evaluated, and the hazard class of this type of waste was determined. Methods of utilization of acid tar are studied and a method of utilization of acid tar for the considered production is proposed.

THE USE OF HEART RATE TELEMETRY FOR DYNAMIC CONTROL OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE DURING COMPUTER TESTING AND BIOFEEDBACK IN KNOWLEDGE WORKERS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Nekrasova ◽  
◽  
I.V. Fedotova ◽  
S.A. Polevaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Knowledge Workers ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biofeedback Training ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Neurohumoral Regulation

Abstract: Introduction. Increasing information loads can lead to the development of professional stress and work-related illnesses in knowledge workers. The development and implementation of modern methods of control and correction of the functional state of employees in the conditions of activity is relevant. The study aims – to explore the dynamics of the functional state of knowledge workers in the conditions of modeling the cognitive load on the computer and during the training on neurofeedback (NFB) based on the parameters of the electroencephalogram (EEG). Materials and methods. 17 researchers (4 men and 13 women aged 22-63 years (34.8±3.4), with an average work experience of 12.1±3.3 years) participated in the study on the basis of voluntary informed consent. Results. A significant increase in the index of the alpha rhythm was shown by 29.4% of the subjects. It was found that the total power of the spectrum of heart rate variability (HRV) is higher, the adaptive risk is lower in the group that successfully passed alpha training (p<0.05). According to the results of continuous personalized heart rate telemetry, the dynamics of the functional state (FS) during the examination was determined for each subject. Conclusion. A significant influence of the state of neurohumoral regulation systems and adaptive reserves of the body on the success of the biofeedback training was established, which is the basis for the development of methodological approaches to the correction of FS, taking into account individual optimal management strategies.

Reliability Analysis of Fpso Oil and Gas Processing System Based on Petri Net

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jichuan Kang ◽  
Liping Sun ◽  
Xinyuan Geng ◽  
Peng Jin
Keyword(s):  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Gas Processing
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