Modern trends in the formation of occupational pathology when working on mobile agricultural machinery

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 620-626
Author(s):  
Tamara A. Novikova ◽  
Galina A. Bezrukova ◽  
Vladimir F. Spirin
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Vibration Disease ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Machine Operators ◽  
The Russian Federation

Introduction. There are currently several works in the scientific literature devoted to studying the influence of working conditions on mobile agricultural machinery on the occupational morbidity of workers on the example of individual regions. Still, Russian Federation did not conduct such studies before. The study aims to analyze working conditions and current trends in the formation of occupational pathology when working on mobile agricultural machinery in the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. The paper uses the results of long-term sanitary-hygienic and ergonomic studies of working conditions when working on mobile agricultural machinery and data on the level of occupational morbidity (PZ) of farmworkers of the Russian Federation in 2011-2017. Results. Microclimatic discomfort, dustiness and gas contamination of the working area air, industrial noise, general and local vibration, physical overload, forming harmful operating conditions (classes 3.2-3.4), occupational risk categories from medium to very high characterize working on mobile agriculture machinery. From 2011 to 2017, researchers have identified 960 agricultural machine operators with 1052 occupational diseases in the Russian Federation, formed mainly under the influence of physical factors and physical overloads. In the nosological structure of occupational diseases (OD), the first place is occupied by vibration disease (VD), the second by radiculopathy (RP), and the third by sensorineural hearing loss. Researchers characterize the current trends in the nosological structure by a significant increase in the prevalence of radiculopathy against the background of a decrease in diagnosis cases of vibration disease. Conclusions. Working conditions when working on mobile agricultural machinery remain harmful and pose a high risk of developing occupational radiculopathy, vibration disease and sensorineural hearing loss. It should be taken into account when developing measures to prevent occupational pathology for agricultural machine operators.

Working conditions and occupational morbidity as a basis for risk management

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-50
Author(s):  
N.A. Kostenko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Work Related ◽  
The Russian Federation

The results of studies are presented, they allow to formulate recommendations on principal problems of unification in the field of statistics of occupational diseases. There are several definitions of occupational diseases in Russia, but they are outdated and do not correspond to the concept of occupational risk recognized in the Labour Code of the Russian Federation. It is proposed to adopt the WHO concept of work-related illnesses and give it a legal status.

scholarly journals Assessment of the working conditions under exposed to noise and infrason

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Vasily G. Mironov ◽  
Nikolai D. Khasiev ◽  
Vadim S. Isachenko ◽  
Ksenia Yu. Korolevа
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Industrial Noise ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Special Assessment

Currently in healthcare of the Russian Federation created a system of measures to combat the harmful effects of industrial noise on workers. However, the level of specific and nonspecific morbidity rates the effect of industrial noise is not reduced, and the incidence of occupational diseases tends to increase. This is due to several reasons, including a large number of sources of noise, not enough high quality of medical examinations, lack of and low effectiveness of means of individual protection from noise and others. Noise is one of the leading places among the harmful physical factors in the Armed forces of the Russian Federation. Features noise resulting from the operation of military equipment and armament is its high intensity, intermittent nature, the presence in the spectrum of low and infrasonic frequencies. Noise exposure leads to the development of diseases, primarily of the organ of hearing, increase in total morbidity and the reduction of military-professional health. In the normative documents of the military medical service the noise is not identified as a harmful factor leading to the development of occupational diseases that were not fully developed the issues of professional selection and medical examination of noise pathology. System noise control should be comprehensive and include organizational and technical measures, special assessment of working conditions, monitoring of noise sources, the presence and correct application of means of protection against noise professional selection, clinical monitoring, medical examination, treatment and preventive measures. Existing in the Armed forces of the Russian Federation the system of measures for the fight against harmful impact of noise on military personnel requires revision in accordance with the existing state legislative framework.

Epidemiological, clinical, and expert problems of occupational infectious diseases of workers during medical care in the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
I. V. Bukhtiyarov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Social Insurance Fund ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Special Assessment

Preserving the working population's health is a priority direction of state policy in labor relations, labor protection, and the provision of healthy and safe working conditions by the employer and the state, prevention of occupational diseases. The state's economic growth in a competitive era is mainly due to the level of health and working capacity of the population. This issue has acquired relevance in the COVID-19 pandemic for medical workers. Among these workers, the incidence of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 is associated with professional duties and entails a high risk of morbidity and mortality. The paper presents the results of a special assessment of working conditions. The author studied the data on the presence of occupational diseases among medical workers in 2019 (according to the data of the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation). On the example of 15 medical organizations of the Russian Federation, an analysis of the working environment factors was carried out. The distribution of occupational diseases was analyzed depending on the harmful factors of the working environment in 2019. Information is provided on the implementation in 2020 by the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 06.05.2020 No. 313 "On providing additional insurance guarantees to certain categories of medical workers" (as of 07.12.2020). Clinic of the Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health and the centers of occupational pathology of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation provided preliminary information on the examinations of professional suitability, studies of the connection of the disease with the profession (including among medical workers) in the Russian Federation in 2020.

scholarly journals Occupational health care in regions with different levels of occupational morbidity in agricultural workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 444-450
Author(s):  
Galina A. Bezrukova ◽  
Anatoly N. Mikerov ◽  
Vladimir F. Spirin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Agricultural Workers ◽  
Occupational Health Care ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Russian Federation

Introduction. In recent years, special attention has been paid to the discrepancy between working conditions in different sectors of the Russian economy and the inadequately low level of registered occupational morbidity (OM). At the same time, as a rule, issues of access to occupational health care that are important for the rural population are not considered due to the lower potential of socio-economic and infrastructural development of rural areas compared to the city. Material and methods. The paper uses updated data on 82 subjects of the Russian Federation on working conditions, the level of OM of agricultural workers, and indicators of occupational health care for the rural population in 2011-2017. Results. The ranking of subjects of the Russian Federation by the level of non-infectious occupational morbidity of agricultural workers was carried out: group I (OM above the national average), group II (OM below the national average), group III (OM is not registered). It is shown that non-detection of occupational diseases in the regions of group III could be due to insufficient provision of rural health care by occupational pathologists (54.2%), low coverage of workers with periodic medical examinations (PME) (76.6%), as well as the absence of occupational health centers (OPC) in 5 territories. of the 18 regions. According to the criteria of availability of occupational pathologists (97.5%) and coverage of PME (95.5%), the highest availability of primary occupational pathology care occurred in the regions of group II. However, the high proportion of occupational diseases identified during self-treatment indicated a formal approach to conducting PME in this group. The most accessible specialized occupational health care was typical for the subjects of the Russian Federation of group I with a high level of OM, on the territory of which the most significant number of OPC functioned with the possibility of extended pre-examination of employees with suspected occupational diseases in a hospital. Conclusion. Along with harmful working conditions, the occupational morbidity of agricultural workers is primarily determined by the availability of specialized occupational health care, namely, occupational health centers’ availability, equipment, and capacity.

LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.V. Gavrylyshena ◽  
◽  
V.A. Semenikhin ◽  
E.V. Chasovskikh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
The Russian Federation

Abstract: The Russian Federation is currently undergoing a period of active industrial development, the introduction of innovative technologies and the emergence of new professions. In turn, the development of industry leads to an even greater number of people than before who are engaged in production in contact with harmful labor factors, and therefore increases the risk of developing occupational diseases. Occupational medicine protects the health of employees, and thanks to actively developing legislation, it can effectively monitor the improvement of safety measures and changes in working conditions, in order to ultimately reduce the number of people with occupational pathologies in the population.

Occupational morbidity in the main industries in the context of the COVID-19 conavirus pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
S.A. Babanov ◽  
I.I. Berezin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Biological Factor ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation

Preserving and strengthening the health of the working population is one of the priority tasks of health care in the Russian Federation, including in the Samara region. Up to 39.7% of the country's population works under conditions that do not meet sanitary and hygienic requirements. Unsatisfactory working conditions are the main reason for the development of occupational diseases among the working population in the Samara region. The workers of medical institutions registered 42 acute occupational diseases with permanent disability, including 13 acute occupational diseases with fatal outcomes from the biological factor "new coronavirus infection caused by the COVID-19 virus."

scholarly journals Current aspects of occupational hearing loss in agricultural workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 1109-1114
Author(s):  
Galina A. Bezrukova ◽  
Vladimir F. Spirin ◽  
Tamara A. Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Workers ◽  
Vibration Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Occupational Hearing Loss

Introduction. Agricultural workers belong to the cohort of increased risk of developing occupational hearing loss (OHL). When studying occupational sensorineural hearing loss (SHL), researchers usually limit themselves to stating its share in the structure of occupational diseases without a comprehensive analysis of the initiating occupational factors and the relationship between the development of the disease with the age of employees and occupational experience. Materials and methods. The study is based on data on working conditions and occupational diseases by type of economic activity “Agriculture, forestry, hunting, fishing and fish farming” in the Saratov region from 2000 to 2019. The assessment of the factors of working conditions was carried out using the methods of the current hygienic classification. Generally accepted indicators were used to characterize occupational diseases. Linear regression analysis and polynomial equations were used to describe trend models of the prevalence of occupational diseases. Calculations and data analysis was carried out based on Microsoft Excel and Statistica application software packages. Results. Occupational hearing loss occupied the fourth rank after dorsopathies, vibration disease and chronic brucellosis in the nosological structure of accumulated occupational diseases. The level of primary incidence of SHL was in the range of 0.11 - 0.71 per 10000 workers. All cases of OHL were detected in agricultural machine operators whose harmful working conditions were characterized by a synergy of industrial noise (classes 3.1-3.3) and general vibration (classes 2-3.2). For the most part, SHL was diagnosed in workers aged 50 to 60 years with a work experience of 8 to 42 years in the profession and acted as the second or third concomitant occupational disease associated with dorsopathy, vibration disease or bronchopulmonary diseases. Conclusion. The absence of a statistically significant decrease in the level of PPP among agricultural workers during the observation period indicates the insufficient effectiveness of preventive measures to minimise occupational noise exposure.

Biological age and rates of aging of patients with vibration disease and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss

2020 ◽  
pp. 624-624
Author(s):  
S. I. Ereniev ◽  
O. V. Plotnikova
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Vibration Disease ◽  
Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Biological age and rates of aging of patients with vibration disease and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss were studied. The biological age of patients exceeded the calendar age by an average of 7.36±0.36 years and the proper biological age by 10.79±0.72 years. The rate of biological aging of the examined patients was 1.14±0.08 times higher than the rate of aging of their healthy peers.

Current state and main directions of preservation and strengthening of health of the working population of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Bukhtiyarov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Past ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article presents the results of the analysis of health, working conditions and prevalence of adverse production factors, the structure of the detected occupational pathology in the working population of the Russian Federation. The article presents Statistical data on the dynamics of the share of workplaces of industrial enterprises that do not meet hygienic standards, occupational morbidity in 2015-2018 for the main groups of adverse factors of the production environment and the labor process. The indicators of occupational morbidity over the past 6 years in the context of the main types of economic activity, individual subjects of the Russian Federation, classes of working conditions, levels of specialized occupational health care. The role of the research Institute of occupational pathology and occupational pathology centers in solving organizational, methodological and practical tasks for the detection, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of occupational diseases is shown. The basic directions of activity in the field of preservation and strengthening of health of workers, and also safety at a workplace are defined.

The influence of working conditions in the basic branches of animal husbandry on the nosological structure of occupational morbidity of workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
G. Bezrukova ◽  
M. Shalashova ◽  
T. Novikova ◽  
V. Spirin
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Poultry Workers ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cattle Breeders ◽  
Sacral Radiculopathy

On the basis of updated data, the influence of working conditions on the nosological structure of professional morbidity of workers in the basic branches of animal husbandry of the Russian Federation is analyzed. In total, from 2011 to 2017, occupational diseases were detected in 823 livestock workers, who received 881 diagnoses, of which the share of cattle breeders, poultry breeders and pig breeders accounted for 95,0, 3,4 and 1,6 % of cases, respectively. Harmful labor factors that cause the formation of professional pathology in livestock breeders were: physical overload (64,6 %), industrial contact with cattle infected with Brucella abortus bovis (32,6 %) and the presence of dust in the work area containing toxic chemicals and aggressive biological mixes (2,3 %). A high etiopathogenetic relationship between the nosological form of the disease and working conditions in the profession was revealed. In livestock workers, occupational diseases were formed under the influence of physical overloads (64,6 %) and infection with the brucellosis pathogen (34,6 %); in pig farming, as a result of the severity of labor (84.5 %) and air pollution of the working area with dust, chemical toxicants and biologically active substances (7,7 %); in poultry farming, occupational health risk was associated with allergization of working with poultry products (50 %) and physical overloads (42,9 %). In the nosological spectrum of accumulated occupational diseases of livestock workers, the first rank places were occupied by residual brucellosis (32,6 %), radiculopathy of the cervical and lumbo-sacral levels (25,8 %), mono- and polyneuropathy (25,2 %), arthrosis and polyarthrosis (8,2 %), shoulder and shoulder periarthrosis (5,4 %). In poultry workers ¾ respiratory diseases: allergic bronchial asthma (39,3 %), allergic rhinopharyngitis (10,7 %) and cervical and lumbo-sacral radiculopathy (21,4 %). Pig workers were mainly diagnosed with cervical and lumbo-sacral radiculopathy (46,2 %), mono- and polyneuropathy (23,1 %), shoulder periarthrosis (15.4 %).

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