ASSESSMENT OF THE PREVALENCE OF DISEASES OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM IN TRANSPORT INDUSTRY WORKERS IN VARIOUS AGE GROUPS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Khotuleva ◽  
◽  
A.V. Karpushina ◽  
L.P. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Transport Industry ◽  
Medical Examinations

Abstract. Summary. The leading cause of mortality, temporary and permanent disability is "age-dependent" (age-associated) diseases, the main of which are pathologies of the cardiovascular system. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system in workers of the transport industry in various age groups. Materials and methods. The data of objective periodic and preliminary medical examinations conducted in the FSBSI «Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health», among Metro employees for people, were analyzed. The assessment was carried out in various age groups, starting from the age of 30 to 70 years (in increments of 5 years). The prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system in workers of different ages was analyzed. Results. There is a pronounced tendency to increase the prevalence of diseases of the cardiovascular system with age in Metro workers. There was a significant increase in the relative risk of diseases characterized by high blood pressure in all age groups relative to the previous age group, except for the 70-74 year group, in which the risk does not increase relative to the 65-69 year group, which indicates a gradual increase in the prevalence of the disease with increasing age. The prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) was also estimated. An increase in the frequency of occurrence of this pathology has been shown from the age of 55-59 years.

scholarly journals Analysis of pathologies among workers of a large enterprise of housing and communal services based on the results of periodic medical examinations

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-700
Author(s):  
G Ya Bendyuk ◽  
M A Dokhov ◽  
A A Sidorov
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Preventive Work ◽  
Medical Examinations

Aim. The determination of age-specific coefficients of pathologies in the team of SUE “Vodokanal of St. Petersburg” for 2015–2017. Methods. The study was conducted in the Medical unit of SUE “Vodokanal of St. Petersburg” in 2015–2017. 8600 people were followed up for 3 years. During the study, extensive indicators of the structure of the pathological process and intensive indicators characterizing its prevalence were calculated. Results. As a result of the study, it was found that the first place (27.1%) in the structure of pathologies both in men and women is occupied by diseases of the eye and its adnexa. At the second ranked place (25.7%) there were diseases of the circulatory system. As a result of the study, age groups with a high rate of increase in morbidity were identified. Thus, the rate of increase in the detection of pathology of the circulatory system at the transition from the age group below 25 years to the age group 25–29 years was 73.7% among men and 80.4% among women. It was found that diseases of the ear and mastoid process were more common among men, and the greatest increase in the incidence was recorded in the age group 25–29 years. At the same time, diseases of the genitourinary system were more common in women, and the highest incidence rate was revealed in the age group 40–44 years. Conclusion. Тhe results indicate the need for a differentiated approach to planning the volume of preventive work in different age groups of employees of the housing and communal services enterprise.

scholarly journals Prevalence and features of polymorbidity of servicemen of different age groups according to the results of their medical examination to determine the category of fitness for military service

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
S V Voronin
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Digestive Organs ◽  
Metabolic Component ◽  
Flat Feet ◽  
Medical Examinations

The prevalence of polymorbidity and its features in military personnel of various age groups was studied. It has been established that polymorbidity during medical examinations of military personnel occurs in all age groups, increasing with age. For each age group of military personnel, its characteristic polymorbidity models are formed. So, in the age group up to 35 years, polymorbidity occurs in one third of the examined and is characterized by both functional disorders of the circulatory system and digestive organs, and the presence of organic pathology of the circulatory system (congenital malformations (developmental defects), mitral and other valve prolapse), digestive organs (chronic gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease) and the musculoskeletal system (flat feet, dorsopathies). At the age of 35 to 45 years, polymorbidity occurs in93,5% of those examined and is characterized by the presence of a cardiac and gastroenteric component in all polymorbidity models, in 80% of the models - the musculoskeletal component, in 60% - the metabolic component, in 40% - the endocrine component. Polymorbidity occurs in 97,5% of those examined over the age of 46 years and is characterized by the presence in all models of polymorbidity of the cardiac, cerebrovascular and musculoskeletal component, in 75% of the models - the metabolic component, in 50% - the endocrine component.

scholarly journals Statistical Modelling of Temperature-Attributable Deaths in Portuguese Metropolitan Areas under Climate Change: Who Is at Risk?

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Mónica Rodrigues ◽  
Paula Santana ◽  
Alfredo Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Statistical Modelling ◽  
Attributable Mortality ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
Related Mortality

Several studies emphasize that temperature-related mortality can be expected to have differential effects on different subpopulations, particularly in the context of climate change. This study aims to evaluate and quantify the future temperature-attributable mortality due to circulatory system diseases by age groups (under 65 and 65+ years), in Lisbon metropolitan area (LMA) and Porto metropolitan area (PMA), over the 2051–2065 and 2085–2099 time horizons, considering the greenhouse gas emissions scenario RCP8.5, in relation to a historical period (1991–2005). We found a decrease in extreme cold-related deaths of 0.55% and 0.45% in LMA, for 2051–2065 and 2085–2099, respectively. In PMA, there was a decrease in cold-related deaths of 0.31% and 0.49% for 2051–2065 and 2085–2099, respectively, compared to 1991–2005. In LMA, the burden of extreme heat-related mortality in age group 65+ years is slightly higher than in age group <65 years, at 2.22% vs. 1.38%, for 2085–2099. In PMA, only people aged 65+ years showed significant temperature-related burden of deaths that can be attributable to hot temperatures. The heat-related excess deaths increased from 0.23% for 2051–2065 to 1.37% for 2085–2099, compared to the historical period.

scholarly journals Impact of skull base development on endonasal endoscopic surgical corridors

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matei A. Banu ◽  
Amancio Guerrero-Maldonado ◽  
Heather J. McCrea ◽  
Victor Garcia-Navarro ◽  
Mark M. Souweidane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Restriction Sites ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Skull Base Lesions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Anatomical Parameters

Object Scarce morphometric data exist on the developing skull base as a corridor for endonasal endoscopic approaches (EEAs). Furthermore, the impact of skull base lesions on its development has not been assessed. The authors describe a novel set of anatomical parameters characterizing the developmental process as well as the utility of these parameters in preoperative planning and a feasibility assessment of EEAs for neurosurgical treatment of skull base lesions in children. Methods Based on specific MRI sequences in 107 pediatric patients (2–16 years of age) without skull base lesions (referred to here as the normal population), 3 sets of anatomical parameters were analyzed according to age group and sex: drilling distance, restriction sites, and working distance parameters. A separate set of patients undergoing EEAs was analyzed in similar fashion to address the impact of skull base lesions on the developmental process. Results The volume of the sphenoid sinus significantly increases with age, reaching 6866.4 mm3 in the 14–16 years age group, and directly correlates with the pneumatization type (r = 0.533, p = 0.0001). The pneumatization process progresses slowly in a temporal-posterior direction, as demonstrated by the growth trend of the sellar width (r = 0.428, p = 0.0001). Nasal restriction sites do not change significantly with age, with little impact on EEAs. The intercarotid distance is significantly different only in the extreme age groups (3.9 mm, p = 0.038), and has an important impact on the transsphenoidal angle and the intracranial dissection limits (r = 0.443, p < 0.0001). The 14.9° transsphenoidal angle at 2–4 years has a 37.6% significant increase in the 11–13 years age group (p = 0.001) and is highly dependent on pneumatization type. Age-dependent differences between working parameters are mostly noted for the extreme age groups, such as the 8.6-mm increase in nare-vomer distance (p = 0.025). The nare-sellar distance is the only parameter with significant differences based on sex. Skull base lesions induce a high degree of variance in skull base measurements, delaying development and decreasing parameter values. Skull base parameters are interdependent. Nare-sellar distance can be used to assess global skull base development because it highly correlates with the intercarotid distance in both the normal population and in patients harboring skull base lesions. Conclusions Skull base development is a slow, gradual, age-dependent, sex-independent process significantly altering endonasal endoscopic corridors. Preoperative MRI measurements of the pediatric skull base are thus a useful adjunct in choosing the appropriate corridor and in assessing working angles and limits during dissection or reparative surgery. Skull base lesions can significantly impact normal skull base development and age-dependent growth patterns.

scholarly journals Vaccination Prioritization Strategies for COVID-19 in Korea: A Mathematical Modeling Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4240
Author(s):  
Yongin Choi ◽  
James Slghee Kim ◽  
Jung Eun Kim ◽  
Heejin Choi ◽  
Chang Hyeong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Vaccination Strategies ◽  
Effective Age ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Age Dependent

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination has recently started worldwide. As the vaccine supply will be limited for a considerable period of time in many countries, it is important to devise the effective vaccination strategies that reduce the number of deaths and incidence of infection. One of the characteristics of COVID-19 is that the symptom, severity, and mortality of the disease differ by age. Thus, when the vaccination supply is limited, age-dependent vaccination priority strategy should be implemented to minimize the incidences and mortalities. In this study, we developed an age-structured model for describing the transmission dynamics of COVID-19, including vaccination. Using the model and actual epidemiological data in Korea, we estimated the infection probability for each age group under different levels of social distancing implemented in Korea and investigated the effective age-dependent vaccination strategies to reduce the confirmed cases and fatalities of COVID-19. We found that, in a lower level of social distancing, vaccination priority for the age groups with the highest transmission rates will reduce the incidence mostly, but, in higher levels of social distancing, prioritizing vaccination for the elderly age group reduces the infection incidences more effectively. To reduce mortalities, vaccination priority for the elderly age group is the best strategy in all scenarios of levels of social distancing. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of vaccine supply and efficacy on the reduction in incidence and mortality.

scholarly journals Monitoring and predicting SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in France after deconfinement using a multiscale age-stratified rate model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juergen Reingruber ◽  
Andrea Papale ◽  
David holcman
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Rate Model ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Predictive Approaches ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second Peak

The entire world and France were strongly impacted by the SARS-COV-2 epidemic. Finding appropriate measures that effectively contain the spread of the epidemic without putting a too severe pressure on social and economic life is major challenge for modern predictive approaches. To assess the impact of confinement (March 17th till May 11th) and deconfinement, we develop a novel rate model to monitor and predict the spread of the epidemic and its impact on the health care system. The model accounts for age-dependent interactions between population groups and predicts consequences for various infection categories such as number of infected, hospitalized, load of intensive care units (ICU), number of death, recovered and more. We use online health care data for the five most infected regions of France to calibrate the model. At day of deconfinement (May 11th), we find that 13% (around 4.8M) of the population is infected in the five most affected regions of France (extrapolating to 5.8M for France). The model predicts that if the reproduction rate R0 is reduced by at least a factor of 2.5-3 for all age groups, which could be achieved by wearing masks and social distancing, a significant second peak could be prevented. However, if the reduction in R0 for the age group 0-25 would be less and below 2 (school openings), a second peak is unavoidable in which case the ICU will be saturated. In that context testing should be focused on children, but it will nevertheless have a limited impact on reducing the spread.

INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE, DURATION OF CONDITIONING, AND AGE OF ANAGASTA (EPHESTIA) KÜHNIELLA (ZELL.) (LEPIDOPTERA:PYRALIDIDAE) ON ACCLIMATION TO A SUB-ZERO TEMPERATURE

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Atwal
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Zero Temperature ◽  
Subsequent Exposure ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Pupal Mortality ◽  
High Level ◽  
Ephestia Kühniella

When Anagasta (Ephestia) kühniella pupae of age groups 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 days were conditioned at 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, and 25 °C for 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 hours, the mortality due to subsequent exposure at −15 °C for 4 hours was affected by each of the three factors, age, temperature, and duration of conditioning. As the temperature of conditioning was lowered from 25° to 10 °C, the mortality due to the sub-zero exposure gradually decreased; when conditioned at 5 °C mortality increased again. When conditioned for 1–16 hours the lowest average mortality was among the pupae conditioned for 4 hours; mortality was highest for 1 and 16 hours. Regardless of the temperature and duration of conditioning, pupal mortality due to sub-zero exposure increased as the age increased.Pupae conditioned at 10 °C, when deacclimated at 25 °C for 2–8 hours, exhibited a gradual increase in mortality, showing a tendency to reach the same high level as among the unacclimated.Adults 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5, and 6.5 days old, when exposed to −15 °C for various durations, exhibited only a slight difference in the time required to kill 50% (ET50) in each of the age groups; the two oldest groups required the shortest exposures, between 50 and 60 minutes. Moths of a given age group, when conditioned at 10 °C, exhibited higher mortality after sub-zero exposure than the controls; hence, there was no acclimation. Without a subsequent sub-zero exposure, conditioning at 10 °C had no lethal effect on the insects.

scholarly journals Features of Cytokine Profile in Different Age Groups

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alikhan Shortanbayev ◽  
Beibitgul Bizhigitova ◽  
Anel Tarabayeva ◽  
Aliya Nurmuchanbetova
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cytokine Profile ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Introduction. The study of the cytokine profile during aging is interesting because age-related changes of the immune status are usually correlate with the onset of specific diseases. Characteristics of cytokine activity in the elderly can not only detail the pathogenesis of the disease but also help to choose the appropriate therapeutic strategy, which in addition to the therapeutic effect could improve the quality of life of the elderly. The purpose of this study was to examine cytokine levels in older adults.Material and methods. We examined 268 people aged 45-80 years and older. All surveyed individuals were divided into 8 different age groups. All participants were tested for concentrations of IL-1β, IL-2, TNF-a and IFN-γ.Results. The study found that concentrations of TNF-a increased with age. For age group 45-49, the concentration of TNF-a was 5.94 pcg/ml. In older age groups, there was a gradual increase in cytokine concentration. In a group of centenarians, concentration of TNF-a  reached 20.55 pcg/ml, which is 3.4 times higher compared to the middle age group. Similar trends were found in the concentration of IL-1. For the age group of 45-49, the concentration of IL-1 b was 3.38 pcg/ml, and in the age group of 80 years and older, levels of this cytokine increased almost 5 times. It was found that with age-related there is a gradual decrease in the level of IL-2, and a gradual increase of IFN-γ. The decrease in IL-2 is due to the typical aging decrease in the amount of T-lymphocytes.Conclusion. Thus, our results indicate that there are significant deviations of immune parameters, particularly in cytokine concentrations, in older adults compared to middle aged adults. 

scholarly journals Age-dependent association between SARS-CoV-2 cases reported by passive surveillance and viral load in wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Omori ◽  
Fuminari Miura ◽  
Masaaki Kitajima
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Passive Surveillance ◽  
Northern Area ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Southern Area ◽  
Age Dependent

The true number of individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is difficult to estimate using a case-reporting system (i.e., passive surveillance) alone because of asymptomatic infection. While wastewater-based epidemiology has been implemented as an alternative/additional monitoring tool to reduce reporting bias, the relationship between passive and wastewater surveillance data has yet to be explicitly examined. Since there is strong age dependency in the symptomatic ratio of SARS-CoV-2 infections, this study aimed to estimate i) an age-dependent association between the number of reported cases and the viral load in wastewater and ii) the time lag between those time series. The viral load in wastewater was modeled as a combination of contributions from different age groups' virus shedding, incorporating the delay, and fitted with daily case count data collected from the Massachusetts Department of Public Health and SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in wastewater collected by the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority. The estimated lag between the time series of viral loads in wastewater and of reported cases was 10.8 days (95% confidence interval =[10.2, 11.6]) for wastewater treatment plant's northern area and 8.8 days [8.4, 9.1] for southern area. The estimated contribution rate of a reported case to the viral load in wastewater in the 0-19 yr age group was 0.38 [0.35, 0.41] for northern area and 0.40 [0.37, 0.43] for southern area, that in the 80+ yr age group was 0.67 [0.65, 0.69] for northern area and 0.51 [0.49, 0.52] for southern area. The estimated lag between those time series suggested the predictability of reported cases ten days later using viral loads in wastewater. The contribution of a reported case in passive surveillance to the viral load in wastewater differed by age, suggesting a large variation in viral shedding kinetics among age groups.

scholarly journals Effects of Aging on the Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Recollection of Memories Encoded by Social Interactions With Persons in the Same and Different Age Groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eri Tsuruha ◽  
Takashi Tsukiura
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Age Group ◽  
New Words ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Successful Retrieval ◽  
Effects Of Aging ◽  
Posterior Superior Temporal Sulcus

Memories related to ingroup members are remembered more accurately than those related to outgroup members. However, little is known about the age-dependent differences in neural mechanisms underlying the retrieval of memories shared with ingroup or outgroup members that are categorized by age-group membership. The present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigated this issue. Healthy young and older adults participated in a 2-day experiment. On the first day outside fMRI, participants were presented with words by unfamiliar persons in movie clips and exchanged each word with persons belonging to the same age group (SAG) or different age group (DAG). On the second day during fMRI, participants were randomly presented with learned and new words one by one, and they judged whether each word had been encoded with either SAG or DAG members or neither. fMRI results demonstrated that an age-dependent decrease in successful retrieval activation of memories presented by DAG was identified in the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) and hippocampus, whereas with memories presented by SAG, an age-dependent decrease in activation was not found in any regions. In addition, an age-dependent decrease in functional connectivity was significant between the hippocampus/ATL and posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) during the successful retrieval of memories encoded with the DAG people. The “other”-related mechanisms including the hippocampus, ATL, and pSTS with memories learned with the outgroup members could decrease in older adults, whereas with memories learned with the ingroup members, the “self”-related mechanisms could be relatively preserved in older adults.

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